China is a big agricultural country, but less than 2 billion mu of arable land can grow food, which needs to supply 654.38+0.4 billion people with food. Although China's grain is fully up to standard every year, which can meet the domestic market's grain supply, it is now facing a huge problem, and the cultivated land in rural areas has been abandoned in a large area.
First, the main reasons for the serious land abandonment in China
1, the cultivated land area decreases.
Due to the continuous expansion of urbanization and the demand of heavy industry construction, a large amount of cultivated land has been occupied, forcing the cultivated land area to decrease. Aquaculture is also popular in rural areas now. Many cultivated land has made room for digging fish ponds and crab ponds, and more rural children are unwilling to do farm work at home. After all, they need to work hard.
2. Farming does not make money
After calculation, farmers can earn about 3000 yuan a year, and only about 2500 yuan is really in their hands, excluding labor costs. If farmers give up farming in rural areas, or work in cities, earning 200-300 a day and earning 5000-6000 a month, then working in cities is much more profitable than farming at home.
Every farmer's family always has several children who need to go to school. Together with the normal expenses of the family, it is about 6.5438+0 million yuan a year. Farming in the countryside alone is far from supporting the normal expenses of families, so many farmers are forced to put down their hoes and go to work in cities.
3. The utilization rate of cultivated land decreased.
The relevant state departments prohibit farmers from burning straw in the field, because burning straw will produce a lot of carbon dioxide, which will aggravate global warming. Instead, it advocates that the straw should be crushed and buried underground, so that the eggs and bacteria left on the straw can remain on the soil surface, which will increase the amount of chemical fertilizer in the coming year, affect the normal growth of crops and reduce the land utilization rate.
Second, take measures to solve the phenomenon of rural land abandonment.
1. Strengthen the cultivation of agricultural talents and increase grain leaders.
Whether farming is good or not depends not on technology, but on whether there are qualified leaders in local grain production. We should train a group of agricultural technicians for rural areas and play a good leading role in the development of some rural areas. Relevant agricultural departments should vigorously cultivate agricultural talents. After all, talent is the most basic key point of agricultural development.
Attract more young people to return to their hometowns for development and let cities and rural areas work together. At present, there are basically some old people and children in the countryside, and young people go to cities to work, which leads to the loss of labor. Only by returning these young laborers can the countryside be full of vitality.
Third, strengthen the guiding role of the market and let the people get more benefits.
The main reason why many people don't want to continue farming in rural areas is that the efficiency of farming and harvesting is low, which can't meet the daily expenses of families. Only by making farmers feel that farming income is high can we stimulate their enthusiasm for farming and make them like farming and fall in love with farming. Therefore, the state should appropriately subsidize and raise the minimum purchase price so that ordinary people can sell grain without losing money.
Technical departments in rural areas should help farmers to establish the tertiary industry, so that primary products such as grain can be developed into semi-finished products or finished products through the industrial chain, and sold to all parts of the country through the network platform, so as to increase farmers' economic income, enable local people to obtain more jobs, and allow young people returning from cities to have employment places.
Let the agricultural products produced by farmers really go to the whole country and the world. Only when it is sold, farmers' income will be considerable, their living standards will be improved, and farmers will feel that farming at home is also a thing that can make them rich.
Fourth, formulate relevant laws and regulations so that farmers can't abandon their land.
In order to reduce the phenomenon of abandoned farmland in rural areas, the state should improve policies and regulations, stipulating that farmers can not continue to cultivate farmland for some reason, and can transfer farmland to improve the utilization rate of farmland, but when they cannot sell it privately, abandoned farmland will be punished.
Let farmers know that letting their fields lie waste will be punished or even fined by the relevant departments, and those farmers who go out to work and are unable to farm can also transfer their fields, so that more young people can have land to grow and the land can be truly recycled.
Summary:
It is not only the responsibility of farmers to reduce the phenomenon of land shortage in rural areas, but also the state should increase capital investment, improve the conditions of abandoning cultivated land, increase the space for farmers to benefit, let farmers really get higher income through farming, and mobilize their enthusiasm for farming.