In order to serve the people to live and work in peace and contentment, commercial banks actively expand their housing credit business, increase their marketing efforts, and concentrate credit funds to issue housing loans to help support customers to realize their dream of buying houses. It can be said that housing loan business has become one of the important business of bank credit business at present, and its characteristics of long term, wide service range and low risk have attracted the attention of various commercial banks.

in order to better serve customers, banks are now basically establishing housing loan service agencies and franchise outlets according to the requirements of specialization, intensification and high quality, and designing service processes in a factory-style, procedural and step-by-step manner to create a high-quality, efficient, compliant and stable operating brand, and strive to expand business influence and enhance market competitiveness. Judging from the job division of mortgage operation institutions set up by commercial banks at present, all of them stop accepting, investigating and approving mortgage business according to business acceptance, business investigation, loan review, credit approval, collateral mortgage, contract signing, loan issuance, file collection and post-loan management, and follow the criterion of loan review. After a streamlined division of labor, they strengthen mutual restrictions on credit operation, approval and management, thus avoiding the mixed operation of credit business.

as for how banks query and judge borrowers' risks? There should be the following contents and processes:

1. After receiving the Loan Application Form and application materials submitted by the loan applicant, the housing loan acceptors should stop the preliminary examination according to their own bank's loan management methods and operating procedures for the mortgage business, and mainly check the qualifications of the loan applicant and the completeness and standardization of the application materials. Investigate whether the loan applicant has complete civil capacity, and examine whether the application materials provided by him are intact, true, legal and effective. All originals and documents of the application materials must be verified for authenticity, legality and validity, and all copies and photocopies of the application materials must be checked against the originals and originals for divergence before accepting business. In order to distinguish the authenticity of the mortgage application business, the pre-loan investigator must also directly interview the loan applicant and relevant personnel to understand the basic situation of the loan applicant, the authenticity of identity, the ability to repay the loan, the credit status, the status of the purchased house and the authenticity of the house purchase behavior, the down payment status, etc. At the same time, it is necessary to stop checking the identity information of the loan applicant and relevant personnel through the personal credit information database of the People's Bank of China.

second, investigate the repayment ability of loan applicants. The loan investigator mainly stops checking the repayment ability certification materials provided by the loan applicant, and separates the repayment method and loan term according to their income status and repayment source to stop judging and evaluating whether the borrower can repay the loan normally. (1) With regard to the loan applicants who mainly have wage income and have a fixed job, they shall mainly review the income proof materials provided by them, including the income proof materials issued by their units, the details of the payroll or wage account in the last three months, the tax proof, the list of housing provident fund payment, etc. (2) With regard to the loan applicants whose income is mainly from investment and operation, the business suspension license and proof materials of investment and operation income shall be mainly examined. If the loan applicant is the business owner, the proof materials of investment operation income include capital verification report, articles of association, shareholders' dividend resolution, income tax collection certificate, bank statement, financial statements, etc. If the loan applicant is a self-employed person such as an individual industrial and commercial household, the proof materials of investment operation income include tax cancellation certificate, income tax collection certificate, operating subsidiary ledger, bank statement, financial statements, etc. Understand the borrower's practical repayment ability and the rationality of repayment ability, and prevent the borrower from being unable to repay the loan principal and interest after the loan is issued. At the same time, it is also necessary to check whether the Daha loan applicant can have other outstanding loans. This demand is based on the investigation of the repayment records of the loan applicant, so as to merge and think about its repayment expenses, calculate the proportion of income repayment, and comprehensively evaluate its repayment ability. Under normal circumstances, the bank's monthly repayment ratio of the borrower is controlled within 55% of the monthly income, and the loan principal and interest can only be lent after deducting the necessary living expenses, so as to prevent excessive debt and exceed the individual's ability.

third, investigate the credit standing of the loan applicant.

loan investigators should investigate the credit records and repayment willingness of loan applicants, make full use of the information and related information systems of banks, and investigate the historical exchanges between loan applicants and the Bank. First, according to the authorization of the loan applicant, query the personal credit information database of the People's Bank of China, and print the personal credit report as a reference for loan approval. The second is to investigate the credit records of loan applicants in the past two years, including loan times, bad credit records, loan principal and interest arrears and current loan risk status. If there are occasional reasons such as overdue repayment or default in the credit report, it is necessary to analyze its willingness and ability to perform credit performance through relevant clarification and evidence to guard against the bad risks of the borrower. If there are overdue repayments and arrears that exceed a certain number of times and time limit, the bank will judge the borrower's willingness to repay and refuse to approve the loan.

iv. check the purchase status of the loan applicant and the authenticity of the purchase behavior. First, check the proof of house purchase to confirm that the house sale is true, legal and effective. For example, whether the information recorded in the contract on the location of the house is different from the information recorded in the commercial housing sales consent certificate of the real estate developer or the housing ownership certificate of the seller; Whether the procedures of business verification, sales cancellation, sales filing or advance notice cancellation of commercial housing sales contracts can be completed according to local rules; Whether the signatory of the contract seller is the real estate developer or the owner of the re-sale house, whether it is the authorized signatory or its authorized agent, and whether the official seal and signature are true and effective; Whether the house ownership certificate can be issued by the competent department, whether there are defects in the ownership, whether someone agrees to sell the house, whether there are other factors affecting the effective setting of the mortgage right, whether the value of the mortgage is reasonable and sufficient, etc., to ensure the real sale of the mortgage and whether the mortgage of the related property can be effectively cancelled.

if the loan is guaranteed, it is necessary to investigate whether the guarantor has the qualification of guarantee, whether the guarantor has the will to guarantee and clearly define the obligation of guarantee. After the guarantor submits relevant materials, including basic conditions, economic income status, wealth certificates, etc., the authenticity, guarantee ability and reputation status of the materials submitted by the guarantor are investigated and judged.

5. The loan auditor stops auditing the loan business mainly based on the borrower's information and the investigator's relevant investigation opinions, and mainly reviews the following contents: First, the completeness and compliance of the borrower's application materials, Application and Approval Form, Interview Record Form and other materials submitted by the investigator before the loan, as well as the divergence of contents; The second is to review whether the investigation opinions of investigators before lending can be compliant and accurate; Third, if the personal loan system stops the electronic approval or the scorecard system approval, the differences between the system information and the relevant paper information will be reviewed.

loan approvers make independent decisions according to their authorization. According to the credit policy and loan approval management rules of commercial banks, it analyzes the borrower's credit status, repayment ability and guarantee measures, comprehensively balances the micro-risk of loan income, and decides whether to approve the loan application.

in short, the bank's mortgage demand of the borrower has to go through a series of procedures, such as business acceptance, loan investigation, material checking, data review, collateral evaluation, credit approval, etc., and then the loan will be approved and issued on the premise that the borrower's loan use is compliant, the loan procedures are complete, the loan lending is guaranteed, and the credit funds are safe.