More than half of the migrant workers have bought another insurance as a substitute guarantee in addition to the statutory social insurance in his workplace. This is the phenomenon revealed by the new generation ilabour research group in the second half of the year in the "Investigation Report on the Present Situation of Five Risks and One Gold for Migrant Workers". This survey is a recent reference survey on migrant workers' trust in the social security system.
Peking University, Tsinghua University, Sun Yat-sen University and Hong Kong Polytechnic University jointly established the new generation ilabour research group. Since its establishment more than four years ago, it has conducted many surveys on Foxconn workers, construction workers and pneumoconiosis workers. The survey of five insurances and one gold for migrant workers is located in Shenzhen, Guangzhou, Dongguan, Nanjing, Shanghai and other big cities, and it is aimed at the foundries of three internationally famous brands: Apple, Uniqlo and Coca-Cola. The overall social security coverage rate of the respondents is as high as 96.5%, and the pressure of government supervision and factory inspection of brand enterprises is greater than that of ordinary factories, and the standard degree of social security implementation should be much higher than that of ordinary enterprises.
However, it is in these factories that it is found that most workers do not feel the benefits brought by social security and are unwilling to buy social security. Even if they are forced to buy by law, they want to buy less. This general distrust should be largely attributed to policy and institutional reasons.
From the information obtained from the survey, it is not that workers do not need social security. "We want to leave at any time with such a low salary. If we don't leave now, we just want to buy 15 years of social security and reduce the burden on the next generation." This statement is not uncommon in the interview records of this survey.
According to the statistics of researchers, there are very few migrant workers who really place their hopes on their children or their own strength, accounting for only 7.2% and 6.6% of all the respondents respectively. The most representative migrant workers are those who think it is necessary to plan ahead, but they don't trust the social security system and hesitate.
Workers who participate in the statutory social security at their workplaces are most worried that they will not enjoy the protection in the future because their accounts cannot be transferred or their years have not been paid. Those who are worried about the former are mainly older workers. They are afraid that after paying the fees according to the higher standards in the city for many years, they will not be eligible to enjoy the protection according to the local low standards when they retire to their hometown in the future. Younger workers don't want to be tied to jobs with slow wage growth by social security. One worker asked during the interview: "You can't work in the same factory for 15 years. What if you change factories and the new factory doesn't pay you? So there is no guarantee that it will be paid in full 15 years. When the money can't be refunded, won't it be paid in vain? " The easiest choice for migrant workers with these two concerns is simply to buy a new rural social insurance in their hometown.
The "new generation" survey found that 5 1% workers bought new rural social insurance; There are also 14.2% workers who don't know whether they have purchased this insurance. This may be related to the fact that they are not often in their rural hometown and do not understand this kind of insurance; It may also be because they are often not direct payers, but stay in the countryside 1 2.