Why should China pilot the urban layout of integration of production and education? What policy "red envelopes" will pilot enterprises enjoy?
The reform of the integration of production and education has entered the "deep water period" from the "ice-breaking period"
In order to better create a new engine to support high-quality development, the implementation plan clearly proposes to carry out pilot projects for the construction of cities, industries and enterprises with integration of production and education throughout the country, and provide replicable experience for the whole country through pilot projects in the system, mechanism and model innovation of integration of production and education. The relevant person in charge of the National Development and Reform Commission said that to coordinate the three types of pilot objects, such as cities, industries and enterprises, is to give full play to the role of cities as carriers, industrial agglomeration and enterprises as the main body, and to establish a new path and mechanism for reform with cities as nodes, industries as fulcrums and enterprises as the focus.
Chen Feng, director of the School Planning, Construction and Development Center of the Ministry of Education, believes that putting forward the reform promotion mechanism of "taking the city as the node, the industry as the fulcrum and the enterprise as the focus", clarifying the "carrier of the innovation platform for the integration of production and education" and focusing on the overall situation, marks the deepening of the reform of the integration of production and education from the "ice-breaking period" to the "deep water period" and has become a strategic direction to lead the reform of education, talents, industry and economy in the new era.
Cities are an important carrier for deepening the integration of production and education and the main node for implementing reform policies.
"The goal of compacting and sinking various reform tasks to various prefecture-level cities is to solve the' last mile' problem of policy implementation." The relevant person in charge of the National Development and Reform Commission said that building a city with integration of production and education is to create a "basic disk" for the reform of integration of production and education. In terms of the number of pilot projects, it is not appropriate to "pile bonsai", but there must be a certain number, occupying a certain proportion and reflecting a certain representativeness.
According to preliminary statistics, as of 20 18, there were about 100 students in cities above prefecture level, secondary vocational colleges and applied undergraduate colleges, and most of the more than 500 national development zones in China were located in cities above prefecture level.
"Choose 50 cities for pilot projects and fully support the corresponding software and hardware. The construction of an integrated city of production and education will cover all provinces, autonomous regions and municipalities directly under the central government. Comprehensive balance of 50 cities. In addition to municipalities directly under the central government and cities with good economic and social development foundations, all provinces and autonomous regions will focus on building 1-2 reform benchmark cities. " The person in charge said.
Pay attention to the agglomeration of key enterprises and advantageous industries in the development zone.
The "Implementation Plan" proposes to build a number of industries with distinctive regional characteristics in pilot cities and their provinces, and to build and cultivate more than 10000 enterprises with integrated production and education nationwide. So, how to choose pilot industries and enterprises?
The relevant person in charge of the National Development and Reform Commission explained: In principle, each pilot city and its province should select at least 3-5 industries to carry out pilot projects; Initially strive for the construction and cultivation of about 100 enterprises in each pilot city, and promote the construction and cultivation of more than 5,000 enterprises in other regions. According to the Audit Announcement Catalogue of Development Zones in China (20 18), there are 2,543 development zones in China, including 552 national development zones and 199 1 provincial development zones. In the construction and implementation, we should pay attention to the role of key enterprises and advantageous industries in the development zone, and strive to create a good situation of "thousands of enterprises in thousands of areas"
The pilot work will be organically combined with the implementation of the strategy of manufacturing a strong country, the development of strategic emerging industries and the promotion of public services. The "Implementation Plan" proposes high-quality enterprises that actively promote the transformation and upgrading of manufacturing industry, enterprises in urgent need of industrial fields such as modern agriculture, intelligent manufacturing, high-end equipment, new generation information technology, biomedicine, energy conservation and environmental protection, new energy, new materials, R&D and design, digital creativity, modern transportation, efficient logistics, financial leasing, engineering consulting, inspection and certification, e-commerce, service outsourcing, and domestic management, pension and child care.
What policy "red envelopes" will the enterprises selected for the pilot enjoy?
On the one hand, implement incentive policies such as portfolio investment, financing and finance. Multi-channel support for the construction of major projects integrating production and education. The qualified investment of pilot enterprises in setting up vocational education can be deducted from the education surcharge and local education surcharge that should be paid in the current year according to the proportion of 30% of the investment. All localities have fully implemented the preferential policies applicable to education organized by social forces, forming a list and releasing it to the whole society. For enterprises that have been identified as integration of production and education through construction and cultivation, the combination of "finance+finance+land+credit" will be given.
On the other hand, strengthen industrial and educational policy traction. Encourage manufacturing enterprises to build training facilities for new production capacity and new technological transformation projects. Qualified employees of pilot enterprises are allowed to receive higher vocational education in the form of work-study alternation, and qualified enterprises are supported to recruit and jointly train professional graduate students. Guided by perfecting the "double-first-class" construction evaluation, we will explore an education evaluation system that reflects the development orientation of integration of production and education. For places and universities that try first and have achieved remarkable results, they should be inclined in terms of enrollment plan arrangement, construction project investment and (professional) point setting.
Innovate the carrier and build a major platform for the integration of production and education
To achieve all-round and substantial deep integration of resources, personnel, technology, management and culture, it is necessary to establish and optimize a number of platform carriers in physical space. The "Implementation Plan" clearly proposes to innovate the construction of a major platform carrier for the integration of production and education. On the one hand, pilot cities should build a number of high-level, professional production-education integration training bases with radiation leading role; On the other hand, universities, local governments and enterprises * * * set up an innovative platform for the integration of production and education, jointly carry out key core technical personnel training, scientific and technological innovation and discipline construction, and open up the chain of basic research, application development, achievement transfer and industrialization.
Chen Feng said that the natural cross-border nature of the integration of production and education determines the platform development of the integration of production and education. The "Implementation Plan" effectively co-ordinates the interconnection of urban bearing platforms, industrial gathering platforms and enterprise main platforms, provides a test platform for the comprehensive reform of integration of production and education and institutional innovation, creates the intersection of digital, intelligent and networked integration development, and builds a backbone neural network for building an industrial innovation ecosystem.
According to the relevant person in charge of the National Development and Reform Commission, since the 13th Five-Year Plan, the National Development and Reform Commission has arranged a total investment of 654.38+07.705 billion yuan in the central budget (about 80% of the investment in vocational education) to support the construction of 743 production-education integration training bases. This year, in order to strengthen the training of talents in the field of "stuck neck" technology and speed up key technology research, the National Development and Reform Commission supported some universities to start the pilot project of building a national integrated circuit production and education integration innovation platform. The project further promotes the cross-infiltration and mutual integration of innovative elements of higher education and industrial development, serves the national major strategy and industrial transformation and upgrading for the construction of "double first-class", supports and leads high-quality development, and consolidates discipline conditions and talent base.