Zhumadian has a long history, outstanding people, numerous historical sites and beautiful natural scenery. It is one of the important birthplaces of Chinese civilization, the core area of ??the creation activities of Pangu, the humanistic ancestor of the Chinese nation, the hometown of Leizu, the wife of Emperor Xuanyuan Huang, and a world-famous weapons manufacturing center during the Warring States Period. A large number of historical celebrities such as Han Fei, a representative figure of Legalism, Li Si, Prime Minister of Qin, Huan Kuan, the editor of "On Salt and Iron", Qian Bao, a novelist of strange and bizarre novels, Fan Zhen, a great atheist, Yang Jingyu, a famous anti-Japanese national hero, etc. At the same time, it also gave birth to a rich history and culture. This is the birthplace of Pangu culture, Liangzhu culture, Chongyang culture, Cheyu culture, Leizu culture and iron-smelting and sword-making culture. Biyang, Runan, Shangcai, Pingyu and Xiping are respectively named "China's Pangu Holy Land" , "the hometown of China's Liangzhu Culture", "the hometown of China's Chongyang Culture", "the hometown of Cheyu Culture", "the hometown of Leizu Culture" and "the hometown of iron-smelting and sword-casting culture". It is also one of the red revolutionary base areas and is known as "Little Yan'an". Zhugou Town in Queshan County was once the seat of the Central Plains Bureau of the Communist Party of China and the Henan Provincial Committee. The older generation of revolutionaries such as Liu Shaoqi and Li Xiannian fought and lived here. Its old site is still well preserved.

In 221 BC, Qin unified the six countries. Qin Shi Huang abolished the feudal system and established prefectures and counties, which first belonged to Yingchuan County (the administrative seat is now Yuzhou City). Later it belonged to Chen County (the administrative seat is now Huaiyang County). Prime Minister Li Si (now a native of Shangcai) played an important role in the Qin war to destroy the six kingdoms and establish a unified feudal dynasty. Due to the brutal rule of the Qin Dynasty, the first peasant uprising in Chinese history led by Chen Sheng from Runan broke out in 209 BC. After the rebel army captured Chen County (today's Huaiyang County), Chen Sheng was expelled after the establishment of the "Zhang Chu" regime. The traitors were killed, but the Qin Dynasty was finally destroyed in the fire of the peasant uprising.

In the fourth year of Emperor Gaodi of the Western Han Dynasty (203 BC), Runan County was established. The county governs Ruyang. It is under the jurisdiction of the Yuzhou Prefectural Department and has jurisdiction over Ruyang (today's Runan County), Ancheng (today's southeast of Runan County), There are 37 counties including Yangcheng (now northwest of Pingyu County), Xincai (now Zhengyang County), Shenyang (now Zhengyang County). During the Han Dynasty, the economy and culture of Runan County gradually developed and prosperity appeared. During the Yuanguang period of Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty, Runan County Nanjun built Hongzhipi, spanning the five counties of present-day Pingyu, Runan, Zhengyang, Xincai and Xixian, and irrigated tens of thousands of acres of farmland. During the reign of Emperor Yuan of the Western Han Dynasty, Marenpi was built in present-day Biyang County, irrigating more than 10,000 hectares of farmland. During the reign of Emperor Yongyuan of the Eastern Han Dynasty, He Chang, the prefect of Runan, repaired the old canal of Taiyang (in the north of present-day Xincai County) in Hongxibei and reclaimed more than 30,000 hectares of paddy fields. During the reign of Emperor Ling, the prefect of Runan mobilized migrant workers. The construction of sluices with stones on the Hongzhipi Dam further expanded the irrigation area. The construction of water conservancy projects such as Hongzhipi and Marenpi in the Han Dynasty greatly improved agricultural production conditions and made Runan County the richest area in Gangang. 1. During the Han Dynasty, there were many talented people in Runan County. There were more than 100 officials and celebrities in Runan County whose biographies and names were listed in "Book of the Later Han Dynasty" and "Customs and Customs", so there were "Ruban Dynasty" and "Runan Dynasty". Nangu is known as "Many Strange Scholars".

During the Three Kingdoms period, Runing City today belonged to the Wei Dynasty and was under the jurisdiction of Runan County and Nanyang County. The Western Jin Dynasty divided Runan County into Ruyin County. During the Eastern Jin Dynasty, it belonged to the former Qin Dynasty. , later it belonged to the Eastern Jin, Later Qin, Later Zhao, and Qian Yan. During the Southern and Northern Dynasties, most of it belonged to Runan County. Emperor Wen of the Southern Dynasty established Sizhou in Runan County, and the name of Runan was changed to Yuzhou in the early Northern Wei Dynasty. Later, it was renamed several times. In the early Sui Dynasty, it was changed to Runan County, and Biyang belonged to Huai'an County in Yuzhou. In the Tang and Song Dynasties, it was divided into Cai and Tang prefectures. Runan County was restored to Tangzhou. In the third year of Jianyan (1129) of Emperor Gaozong of the Song Dynasty, Jin Aizong fled from Kaifeng. When they arrived at Caizhou (now Runan, Henan), the Southern Song Dynasty took the opportunity to join forces with Mongolia to conquer Caizhou, and the Jin Dynasty was divided into four states: Cai, Xi, Chen, and Tang in the 30th year of the Yuan Dynasty (1293). Ning Mansion, Biyang returned to Nanyang Mansion.