The predecessor of Guizhou Opera is Guizhou dulcimer. Guizhou dulcimer, also known as Guizhou Tanci and Qin Wen, is a rap art with dulcimer as the main accompaniment instrument and singing in different roles. During the Jiaqing period of the Qing Dynasty, Yan Cihui of Zhu Gui County and Zhang Guohua of Xingyi in the fifth year of Daoguang (1825) mentioned in their poems that there were dulcimer activities in Guiyang. After years of research, modern Yu Baiwei believes that dulcimer "began to be popular in Guizhou during the reign of Kangxi in the Qing Dynasty, and has a history of more than 200 years" (about Guizhou Tanci and Qinwen Opera). During Guangxu period, Yunnan dulcimer, Sichuan dulcimer, Sichuan Yin Qing and Hunan Changde Sixian were introduced to Guizhou one after another, which promoted the development of Guizhou dulcimer. In the 9th year of Guangxu (1833), Jiang Fasan and Ding established the dulcimer "Three Friends Club" in Guiyang and sang in the "Tea Club". Later, Ganxi established the Literary Music Club in the 11th year of Guangxu, Zhijin established the Courtyard Yuefu in the 15th year of Guangxu, Anshun established the Meet Tea Club in the 16th year of Guangxu, and Bijie established the Friendship Entertainment Club in the 3rd year (19 1 1), 1926543. After years of singing practice, Guizhou dulcimer gradually matured and finalized. According to the Collection of Guizhou Performing Vocabulary, the earliest dulcimer in Guizhou was Mei, which was compiled in the 16th year of Guangxu.

1950, dulcimer artists in Dading (now Dafang) County, in order to cooperate with the movement of "clearing bandits and opposing tyrants", used the tune of Guizhou dulcimer to compose the music for the Shaanxi opera "Poor Hate" and performed in the local dialect, which created the first sound of Guizhou opera. Accompanied by dulcimer, Sanxian and Huqin, the play conveys a mixed story of sadness and joy. The lines of this song are easy to understand and welcomed by the masses. 1952 autumn, qianxi county dulcimer artists Xu Yousan, Feng Bingkun, Li Shaozhi, Wei, etc. The script "Hundred Days" of Wu Opera was matched with the singing of Guizhou dulcimer, and the story was told in local dialect, imitating the performances and gongs of Beijing Opera and Sichuan Opera, and it was named as a drama. Later, Xu Yousan adapted the traditional repertoire of Guizhou dulcimer "Moving Kiln" into a rehearsal of a piano play, and performed it for the first conference of district and township cadres at Wushen Temple in this county. The familiar local dialect aroused the audience's voice, and this performance was considered as the birth of Guizhou opera by Guizhou drama circle.

1954 In the spring, qianxi county established an amateur Qin Wen Troupe. In order to establish the audience base of Qinwen Opera, the troupe will perform in 70% or 80% of the towns and villages in the county in the next two years, which is generally welcomed. Subsequently, the troupe went to the neighboring counties of Jinsha and Zhijin to perform, which was loved by the audience and caused dulcimer artists in the two counties to follow suit.

The appearance of Qin Wenge Theatre and Qianxi Amateur Qin Wenge Troupe has attracted the attention of the cultural authorities. 1956 in may, qianxi county people's government approved the establishment of qianxi county qinwen troupe, and the first professional qinwen troupe appeared in Guizhou.

After 1957, under the influence of qianxi county Qinwen Opera Troupe, professional or semi-professional Qinwen Opera Troupe was established in various places, and two performances of Qinwen Opera were held from 1959 to 1960. As a local opera in Guizhou, qianxi county Qinwen Opera Troupe has performed in Sichuan and Chengdu-Chongqing.

1960 In February, Qin Wen Drama Club was officially named Guizhou Drama Club, and Guizhou Drama Club of Guizhou Province was established. In the fifth year of the same year, Zhou Enlai visited Guizhou and watched the performances of Zhuo Wenjun and The West Chamber. In June of the same year, the troupe went to Beijing with Qin Niangmei, Zhang Xiumei, Hongqi canteen, women miners' platoon, moving kiln, copying red flowers and flowers buried with them, and then went to Shanghai.

During the period of 1960, Guizhou Guizhou Opera Troupe, Zunyi Guizhou Opera Troupe and Bijie Guizhou Opera Troupe jointly rehearsed excellent repertoires of other operas, such as Half Scissors, After Reunion, Pearl Tower and Double Jade Cicada, and created and performed modern plays such as Mountains are high and water is long, and People handle cases. In September, 1965, The Mountain is High by Guizhou Guizhou Guizhou Opera Troupe, Kao Yao Nv by Zunyi Guizhou Opera Troupe, Checking the Gate and Unlocking by Bijie Guizhou Opera Troupe all went to Chengdu to participate in the southwest local drama performances.

From its birth to the end of 1980, Guizhou Opera has created, adapted, transplanted and staged a large number of plays for more than 20 years. Among them, Qin Niang Mei, an excellent traditional repertoire of Dong people's big songs, was adapted and made into a stage art film on 1960. The Yi historical drama Lady She Township has reached a new level in terms of choreography, performance, music and dance beauty. Drama 1979 went to Beijing to participate in the 30th anniversary of the founding of the People's Republic of China, and won the first prize of creation and performance awarded by the Ministry of Culture. He was awarded the first prize of China traditional drama creation and performance by the Central Ministry of Culture. There is also the Miao historical drama Zhang Xiumei, and other modern dramas, such as The Mountain is High and the Water is Long, Blood on the Felt, Examining Women, and Passing the Customs. Traditional plays such as Moving Kiln, Pearl Tower and Three Difficult Grooms are deeply loved by the audience.