2. Accounts payable and advance receipts are liabilities incurred by public organizations in settlement. The main body of this part of debt is mainly non-governmental organizations.
Because government organizations generally do not involve profit-making activities except official business, their purchase behavior is also guaranteed by financial funds, and there are very few accounts payable but unpaid. The business activities of non-governmental organizations are profitable to a certain extent, and they also engage in some economic activities outside their business, such as setting up economic entities and providing paid services. In this way, accounts payable and advance receipts will occur.
The so-called payable refers to all kinds of payments that should be paid by public organizations in economic activities but have not been paid. That is, in the process of production and business activities, the enterprise should pay the unpaid money to the supplier because of purchasing goods and materials, raw materials and accepting labor supply. Including accounts payable, notes payable and other payables.
Confirmation and valuation of accounts receivable for extended data:
Confirmation: The confirmation of accounts receivable is important to solve when to confirm accounts receivable. Accounts receivable are directly related to the sale of goods or the provision of services, so the time to confirm accounts receivable should usually coincide with the time to confirm income. That is to say, when the ownership of the goods has been transferred to the buyer, or the labor service has been provided and the income has been realized, the unpaid money is recognized as accounts receivable.
Valuation: the valuation of accounts receivable is to confirm the entry value of accounts receivable. Accounts receivable are creditor's rights arising from the sale of goods or the provision of services by enterprises, and should be accounted for according to the actual amount. Its recorded value includes: the price of selling goods or providing services, value-added tax, packaging fees paid by the purchasing party, freight and miscellaneous fees, etc. When confirming the entry value of accounts receivable, relevant discount factors should be considered.
1: commercial discount, which is the deduction given by the sales enterprise on the marked price of goods in order to encourage customers to buy more goods.
2. Cash discount, which means that the creditor pays within the prescribed time limit and provides debt deduction to the debtor.
Tax adjustment of accounts payable:
It is difficult for taxpayers engaged in production and business to avoid the occurrence of creditor's rights and debts in the process of economic exchanges. There is a risk of loss when there is a creditor's right, and there is a possibility of becoming a profit when there is a debt. According to Article 20 of State Taxation Administration of The People's Republic of China OrderNo. 13 "Administrative Measures for Pre-income Tax Deduction of Enterprise Property Losses": "The application for pre-tax deduction of bad debt losses arising from accounts receivable and prepayments of enterprises must meet one of the following conditions:
(1) The debtor has been declared bankrupt, revoked (including being ordered to close by the government), revoked the industrial and commercial business license, died or disappeared according to law, and its remaining property or inheritance is really insufficient to pay off;
(2) The debtor is overdue for more than three years and there is conclusive proof that it has been unable to pay off its debts;
(3) Bad debts formed by qualified debt restructuring;
(4) Accounts receivable that are irrecoverable due to force majeure factors such as natural disasters, wars and international political events. "
Baidu encyclopedia-accounts receivable
Baidu Encyclopedia-Payables