1. Centralized credit approval authority and pooled funds in large and medium-sized cities to effectively control credit risks. According to the survey, county banks of state-owned financial institutions generally do not have the right to approve loans, and prefecture-level branches are given different rights according to their management level, benefit index, non-performing loan ratio and economic situation in their regions. For example, the highest single approval authority of Xi 'an Business Department of Industrial and Commercial Bank of China can reach 70 million yuan, and the single approval authority of Tongchuan City and Shangluo District is 20 million yuan. Individual banks have not been granted approval authority due to historical reasons. At the same time, co-ordinate funds in large and medium-sized cities. At present, Xi 'an's deposits and loans account for 59% and 57% respectively.

2. Loans were invested in key industries, key enterprises and key products, and the efficiency of the use of credit funds was significantly improved. The survey found that the industries that state-owned commercial banks quit were supply and marketing cooperatives, agricultural companies and some small and medium-sized enterprises, and they invested in information industry, transportation, energy, textiles, high-tech industries, schools and hospitals.

3. Establish a comprehensive credit rating system to enhance the scientific nature of credit work. In order to control the loan risk and reduce the interference of human factors, commercial banks in various countries have set different indicators such as solvency, financial benefits, capital operation and development ability according to different industries and different types of enterprises, and each indicator is composed of several quantitative indicators or non-quantitative evaluation indicators, which constitutes a complete credit rating index system; Then, each loan enterprise is comprehensively scored, and different credit grades and corresponding credit lines are awarded according to the scoring results (general banks have minimum credit grade requirements), which increases the scientificity, rationality and practical operation of credit granting;

4. Establish a "green channel" and treat "good enterprises" and "bad enterprises" differently. In order to consolidate and reshape the relationship between banks and enterprises, commercial banks in various countries have established a "green channel" for high-quality gold households according to the "2-8" law of banks, providing 24-hour "on-call" quality services; And open credit to high-quality gold customers, thus forming a good situation of "good enterprises expelling bad enterprises" in the allocation of credit funds.

5. Improve the credit decision-making mechanism and implement a strict accountability system. In the process of handling credit business, commercial banks in various countries decompose their responsibilities of investigation, approval and management, and establish a system of loan review committees at all levels (a loan review meeting is held once a week, and loans can be obtained in 7 days). The opinions put forward by the members of the loan review committee on each loan are recorded as evidence of the responsibility that should be borne after the loan risk occurs, and the responsibilities of relevant personnel in each link of the loan business process are clearly defined, and a strict accountability system is implemented.