It is of far-reaching historical significance to do a good job in preventing occupational crimes. 1. The phenomenon of job-related crimes. Job-related crimes are a special and serious phenomenon of corruption. Analysis of the phenomenon of job-related crimes is generally manifested in the following aspects: First, in terms of party spirit and principles, the party's line, principles, and policies cannot be implemented well, and the The individualistic approach of "There are policies from above, there are countermeasures from below, we go our own way and we are self-righteous"; the second is the public servant consciousness, forgetting the public servant consciousness, forgetting one's own responsibilities, illegal use of power, serious formalism and bureaucracy; the third is the administrative decision-making aspect , major decisions are not discussed collectively, subjective misjudgments are made, and "one word" is driven by interests, resulting in decision-making errors and harming collective interests; fourth, in terms of appointing cadres, appointing cadres to seek personal gain with power and nepotism, which frustrates those who are talented, capable and clean. There is no enthusiasm for promotion and re-appointment of cadres; fifthly, in terms of internal approval, they use their authority and do not follow principles; they are good people, negotiate deals, and collect kickbacks; sixthly, in terms of serving the people, they do not do things if they are not given benefits, and they do things indiscriminately if they are given benefits. , violating the "high-voltage line" of clean government; Seventh, in terms of consumption of public funds, treating guests and giving gifts, traveling with public funds, ostentatious office conditions, comparing with each other, and being extravagant, causing extremely bad effects; Eighth, in terms of life style, forgetting the principle of "concentrating on work and being a low-key person" , frequenting high-end places, spending time and drinking, being drunk and having a very bad influence. These are the specific manifestations of job-related crimes. 2. Causes of duty-related crimes There are both internal and external causes; there are both subjective and objective reasons. But to sum up, the main aspects are as follows: (1) Weak legal awareness. Most people who engage in job-related crimes lack a correct understanding of their jobs and the power in their hands, do not pay attention to learning the law, have weak legal awareness, lack systematic education on policies and regulations, lack management experience and ability, and lack the ability to administer according to law. consciousness. (2) Personal psychological imbalance. In real life, a small number of people see some incompetent and uneducated people in society becoming "nouveau riche" through opportunism, so they become unbalanced, blindly compare, and take advantage of the rights in their hands. They know that they are violating laws and disciplines, but they take risks and hold that they have the right to use or expire. The mentality of being useless begins with eating, drinking, playing, and having fun, and is greedy for petty gains. It gradually develops and eventually leads to crime. (3) Relax your own learning. One of the main reasons why some leading cadres turn to crime is that they do not pay attention to learning, fail to learn laws and regulations, and turn a blind eye to warning education. Subjectively, they have relaxed their ideological reform, lacked a correct world outlook, outlook on life, and values, had weak ideological and moral defenses, and had inflated selfish desires. They ignored laws, regulations, and corporate rules and regulations, took risks, and finally went further and further down the road of crime. Falling deeper and deeper. (4) Take chances. From a realistic perspective, one of the reasons for leading cadres who embark on the road of crime is to take chances. Looking back at the entire process of their crime, it can be seen that they knew that their behavior was criminal and they also knew what the consequences of the crime would be. The reason why they knowingly committed the crime was due to luck. They thought their actions were clandestine, but little did they know that if others didn't know about it, they would have to do nothing themselves. (5) Not careful enough in making friends. A small number of people interact carelessly with members of society, taking advantage of their positions to provide convenience for others and satisfy the other person's selfish desires to the maximum extent. Once their desires cannot be satisfied, they will use whatever means to put pressure on them, waiting for a complete showdown when the conditions are ripe, and finally end up with them. They made a dirty deal, causing a small number of cadres to get deeper and deeper step by step, and finally embarked on the road of crime and were punished by the law. Only then did they regret that they should not have done so in the first place. It was too late to regret. (6) Ineffective supervision mechanism. In the process of transitioning from the old system to the new, it is inevitable that there will be some deficiencies in our management and work processes, and this precisely allows criminals to take advantage of the imperfect system, leaving them with time and time to commit crimes. opportunity to embark on a criminal path. 3. Thoughts on Countermeasures to Prevent Occupational Crime In view of the manifestations of occupational crimes, we must deeply analyze the causes of the crimes. To prevent occupational crimes, we must do the following: (1) We must build a strong ideological defense line. To prevent occupational crimes, education is the foundation, management is the key, and supervision is the guarantee. Most people embark on the road of crime through the process of "waving hands, pushing hands, and finally taking over". After the first line of defense is crossed, their ideology and morality will become increasingly slippery, and their behavior will become more and more corrupt. In this regard, we must focus on three aspects: First, we must strengthen the education of cadres' ideological and moral values ??and ideals and beliefs, so that they can firmly establish a correct world outlook, outlook on life, and values; use vivid, intuitive, and realistic negative typical case education to expose Weaknesses in Life often organize cadres to visit and study in warning education bases such as prisons, labor camps, and shuanggui places. Through on-site visits and "experiences", they can feel the harm of corruption, touch the depths of their souls, and build a strong ideological defense line of integrity and self-discipline. The second is to work hard to educate cadres to improve their self-cultivation and ability to distinguish right from wrong, and enhance their awareness of self-discipline. Only by constantly purifying the mind and stimulating the turbid and promoting the pure can we consciously resist the erosion of bad trends and consolidate the ideological and moral foundation for resisting corruption and preventing change. The third is to combine education and supervision, and combine self-discipline and heterodiscipline to form a joint force to resist corruption and prevent degeneration, and eradicate the soil that breeds corruption. (2) Personnel reform must be deepened. After the political line is determined, cadres are the decisive factor. The only important thing in government is to employ people.

Having both ability and political integrity is an important criterion for selecting and employing cadres well. Those with moral integrity are genuine, while those without moral integrity are drugs. Therefore, employing people is the prerequisite for preventing crime: First, we must use a good work style to select people, insist on appointing people on their merits, and not nepotism. We must establish a strict system of recommendation, inspection, and accountability for oversight. Those who have serious problems in the nomination, selection, and appointment must be punished. Seriously pursue the responsibilities and hold them responsible; secondly, we must select people with good work style, strictly follow the principles and standards stipulated in the "Regulations on the Selection and Appointment of Party and Government Leading Cadres", pay attention to the political and ideological quality of cadres, including moral character, and select people with both political integrity and ability, Those who are politically firm, have a decent work style, work hard, do not show off, and have outstanding achievements; third, we must severely criticize those who lack a sense of political responsibility, are idle in their work, form cliques, and make trouble out of nothing, focus on education, and address those with serious problems. Organize resolutely. By strictly controlling the appointment and selection of cadres, we will continuously improve the quality of party cadres and the quality of appointment and promotion of cadres, purify the party's cadre team, and effectively prevent job-related crimes. (3) Supervision and restrictions must be deepened. The "self-degeneration" of leading cadres is the internal cause of job-related crimes and plays a decisive role, but the lack of effective supervision is a very important external cause. Loss of power supervision will inevitably lead to crimes. Therefore, we must grasp the main line of power restrictions and strengthen supervision and restrictions. First, we must adhere to democratic centralism, improve the collective leadership system and discussion principles of the team, improve and standardize the procedures for using power, and restrict power with systems. When it comes to major decisions, the appointment and dismissal of important cadres, the arrangement of major projects, the use of large amounts of funds, etc., the leadership team must play the role of mutual supervision within the leadership team, make decisions through collective discussions, implement "sunshine projects", put an end to "black-box operations", and ensure that party members and the public are informed rights, participation rights, choice rights, supervision rights and other rights. The second is to combine the implementation of the responsibility system for building party style and clean government with strengthening the supervision and management of leading cadres, conscientiously implement the system for leading cadres to report personal major matters, and implement the system for cadres to report on their work and report on integrity. Earnestly implement the system of talks between party committee and disciplinary committee leaders and lower-level party and government leaders, the system of pre-appointment integrity talks for cadres, warning talks and clean government commitments, clean government situation reports, major event reporting systems, etc., and promote the orderly development of intra-party supervision work. The third is to establish and improve the inspection system, expand open, transparent and convenient information channels through supervision methods such as open and covert inspections, special reports, individual interviews, etc., promptly discover and solve the problems of incorruption among leading cadres, and truly achieve the "four no's". That is to say, do not be a political fool, do not be a career outsider, do not be a lazy person at work, and do not be a disciplined and free person. (4) Supervision must focus on key points. Leading cadres all have certain powers. If power is not supervised, corruption is often prone to occur. To prevent occupational crimes, we must closely focus on supervision of key, hot-spot positions and links. First, we need to strengthen supervision around leading cadres. Leading cadres at all levels are the "vassals" of all parties who have power over a unit or a department, and they are also the focus of crime prevention work. Supervising leading cadres in place can not only prevent leading cadres from committing crimes and ensure the correct exercise of power, but also enhance the appeal, cohesion and centripetal force of their team leaders, and set an example for leading cadres to better serve the grassroots, thereby setting an example for leading cadres to serve the grassroots. Form one level of leadership, one level of supervision, and establish a good situation in which the party style is upright, the cause is prosperous, the people are pure, and the people are united. The second is to strengthen supervision around hot-spot positions. The so-called "hot positions" are positions with concentrated resources and power such as management of people, finances, and materials. These positions control the allocation, adjustment, and transfer of resources. If supervision is not in place, some may use their positions to " Some may use specific power to seek personal gain, some may take advantage of the lax system to seek personal gain, some may use relationships to seek personal gain, etc. To this end, it is necessary to conduct an in-depth search for the risk sources of hot positions, draw up a "power list" through methods such as self-finding, public mention, mutual checking, leadership points, and organizational evaluation, clarify the performance risks and preventive measures for each position, and establish and improve regular communication. Supervision and restriction mechanisms such as job rotation and mutual checks and balances between powers should be implemented to promote the openness of government affairs and achieve full public supervision before, during and after the event. The third is to strengthen supervision around key projects. The so-called key projects refer to key projects such as engineering investment, material procurement, publicity and promotion, etc. that are often prone to corruption problems. These projects are professional and time-sensitive, and are often organized and implemented under the leadership of department heads. Due to imperfect bidding systems and different types of purchases from a single source, corruption problems often arise. To this end, it is necessary to further strengthen education supervision and management, continuously improve institutional mechanisms and improve systems according to different characteristics, establish and improve a power operation mechanism in which decision-making power, execution power, and supervision power both restrict and coordinate with each other, and effectively implement the work of preventing occupational crimes. Go to the real place. In short, the prevention of job-related crimes is an act of prevention in advance, focusing on the source. People are the main body of corruption and the internal cause. Only when we do not want to be corrupt mentally and do not want to be greedy, and prevent the source first, can it play its role, and the system and mechanism The establishment and improvement of various supervision systems is an external guarantee to ensure that people cannot be greedy and dare not be greedy. Only by starting from all aspects of ideology, mechanism, system, and system at the same time, can people's internal and external factors work together. Only then can the work of preventing occupational crimes develop healthily and benignly, and only then will there be fewer and fewer occupational crimes.