Mabaren site

Nianhuaxiaochu

Nanhua Temple

Mabaren site

Nanhua Temple

Area: 165 1 km2

Population: 308,000

Generation code: 440205

Post: 5 12 100

Resident: Maba Town

Spelling: Qujiang Qu

Area number: 075 1

License plate: Guangdong F.

Qujiang district has a total area of 165 1 km2 and a total population of 308,000 (2006).

Basic profile

Qujiang is the birthplace of Maba people, the ancestor of human beings, 0130,000 years ago. It is also the birthplace of Shixia culture and one of the cradles of ancient Chinese culture. Qujiang has a long history. It has a history of 2 1 16 years since it was established as a county in the sixth year of Emperor Yuan Ding (BC11year). Qujiang, a beautiful city in Zhong Ling, once gave birth to a number of historical celebrities such as Zhang Jiuling, a famous figure in the prosperous Tang Dynasty, and Yu Jing, a famous minister in the Northern Song Dynasty. In May 2004, with the approval of the State Council, some administrative divisions of Shaoguan City were adjusted, Qujiang County was abolished, and qujiang district of Shaoguan City was established. On August 3rd of the same year, a listing ceremony was held. The total area of the whole region is 165 1 km2, and it now administers 10 towns 108 village (neighborhood) committees with a total population of 302,000. There are many provincial large-scale industrial enterprises such as Shaoguan Iron and Steel Plant, Shaoguan Power Plant and Dabaoshan Mine.

Qujiang is located in the middle of northern Guangdong and the upper reaches of the Beijiang River. Since ancient times, Qujiang has been "the hub of economic and cultural exchanges between the five mountains and the north, and the throat of traffic between Hunan, Guangdong and Jiangxi". Now it is a continuous area of capital diffusion and industrial transfer in the Pearl River Delta, a strategic channel for the Pan-Pearl River Delta economy to radiate inland, and a junction connecting the Yangtze River Delta economic circle and the Pearl River Delta economic circle. It has obvious geographical advantages of expanding from south to north. Railway, highway and waterway transportation are convenient in the territory. Beijing-Guangzhou Railway, Beijing-Zhuhai Expressway, 106 National Highway and Beijiang River run through the north and south, National Highway 323 runs through the east and west, and provincial highways and local highways crisscross.

Qujiang is rich in natural resources, known as the "hometown of non-ferrous metals", with a hydropower resource reserve of 268,700 kilowatts and a forest coverage rate of over 70%. Qujiang is one of the 400 hydropower rural electrification counties in China, one of the key coal-producing counties in China 100, and one of the key forestry counties in the province.

Qujiang is rich in tourism resources, including the thousand-year-old Nanhua Temple, known as the "Southern Ancestral Temple", the site of Maba people in the early history, the Xiaokeng National Forest Park at the gate of the district committee and district government in 2008, and many hot spring resorts such as Caoxi Holiday Hot Spring Resort, Xiaokeng Hot Spring and Fengwan Hot Spring.

There are more than 2,000 kinds of plant resources in the whole region. The cultivated plants are mainly rice, followed by peanuts, vegetables, soybeans, sericulture, red melon seeds, watermelons, tea, shage, yam, arrowhead, horseshoe, ginger, rape and pasture. Vegetables include peas, sweet beans, tide vegetables, broccoli, leeks, eggplant, peppers, cauliflower, radish, broccoli, bitter gourd, wax gourd, zucchini, cucumber, pumpkin, potato and other leafy vegetables. Fruits include pomelo, peach, plum, plum, pear, orange, tangerine, persimmon, loquat, grape, fig, pomegranate, millet, strawberry, etc. The economic forests used for oil production include camellia oleifera, tung tree, litsea cubeba and tallow. There are hundreds of kinds of drugs such as honeysuckle, half-maple lotus, Smilax glabra, lily, seven leaves and one flower; Fibers include wild palm, rattan, mat grass, awn stalk, partridge grass and so on. In addition, there are flowers such as orchids, azaleas and camellias, and edible fungi such as mushrooms, auricularia auricula, ganoderma lucidum, poria cocos and the excellent varieties of South China Volvariella volvacea.

Qujiang district is rich in forestry resources, with forestland area of123700 hectares, standing stock of 4714300 cubic meters, and forest coverage rate of 62%. There are more than 20 kinds of common tree species such as pine, fir and camphor 120 in the mountains, such as Beijiang fir with excellent wood, sand camphor with exquisite wood and smooth wood. There are also more than ten kinds of bamboos with rapid development and great benefits, such as Phyllostachys pubescens, bamboo poles, bamboo flutes and water bamboos. Wild animals in biological resources are also rich, among which pangolin, white crane, silver pheasant and python are protected by the state [5].

physical geography

The mountainous area in this county belongs to the south branch of Nanling Mountains. Due to the geological structure, the mountains and rivers in this county are intertwined and the terrain is complex. The hilly area below 500 meters above sea level accounts for17.8%, and the hillside accounts for about 25%, with a relatively gentle terrain. Most of the topsoil and soil layers are deep, covering an area of more than 500,000 mu. Most of them are sand shale, red sand shale and limestone, which are hilly red loam distribution areas. Because of the warm, humid and rainy climate, plants grow luxuriantly, which is beneficial to the decomposition and synthesis of organic matter. However, heavy rain will bring strong erosion and leaching to the soil, resulting in serious soil erosion, thin ridges, acidity and lack of nutrients. Most of the uncultivated hillsides are covered by residual forests and young forests. Most of the cultivated hillsides are cultivated land, and some are terraces or tea gardens and orchards. This kind of hillside is mainly distributed in Maba, Baitu, Longgui, Wushi, Zhangshi, Zhoutian, Daqiao, Chongyang, Lishi, Fengwan and other towns in this county.

General situation of economy

Qujiang district, located in the north of Guangdong Province and the middle of Shaoguan City, is a typical mountainous county with "eight mountains, one water and one farmland". Agricultural resources are very rich. The total land area of the whole region is 4.777 million mu, and the cultivated land area is 344,900 mu, including paddy fields of 27. 1 10,000 mu, mountainous areas of 360 mu, and the water surface of river ponds and reservoirs of * * * 27.170,000 mu, including fish ponds of 4.170,000 mu. There are more than 2,000 kinds of plant resources in the whole region. Rice is the main cultivated plant, followed by peanuts, vegetables, soybeans, sericulture and so on. Vegetables include peas, sweet beans, Chaozhou vegetables, broccoli, leeks and so on; Fruit trees include pomelo, peach, plum, plum, etc. The economic forests used for oil production include camellia oleifera, tung tree, litsea cubeba and tallow. There are hundreds of kinds of drugs, such as honeysuckle, half-maple lotus, Smilax glabra, lily, seven leaves and one flower; Fibers include wild palm, rattan, mat grass, awn stalk, partridge grass and so on. In addition, there are flowers such as orchids, azaleas and camellias, and edible fungi such as mushrooms, auricularia auricula, ganoderma lucidum, poria cocos and the excellent varieties of South China Volvariella volvacea.

Qujiang's "three high" agriculture and industrialized agriculture have developed rapidly. At present, the whole region has cultivated six leading agricultural enterprises such as qujiang district Maba Oil Sticky Rice Industry Co., Ltd., Jinshao Fast-growing and High-yield Forest Co., Ltd., Qujiang Cocoon and Silk Co., Ltd., Qujiang Agricultural Economic Development Corporation, qujiang district Nanjiang Cattle Industry Co., Ltd. and Shaoguan Laolaien Animal Husbandry Co., Ltd., and formed high-quality rice, high-yield forest, cocoon and silk, Qubao brand agricultural products and. Ten commodity agricultural production bases have been built, including 230,000 mu of high-quality valley, 300,000 mu of vegetables, 240,000 mu of fast-growing and high-yield forest, 200,000 mu of bamboo, 200,000 mu of oil, 30,000 mu of Shatian pomelo,/kloc-0.2 million mu of sericulture, 20,000 mu of high-quality corn, 20,000 mu of fruit melons, 30,000 mu of high-quality aquatic products and/kloc-0.0 million head of beef cattle

Industrially, in 2004, the industrial added value of the whole region reached 590 million yuan, an increase of 12.3%. Among them, the above-scale RMB 2.3 1 100 million, an increase of14.0%, and the below-scale RMB 359 million, an increase of1/0.2%. The total industrial output value of the whole region was1836 million yuan, an increase of 12.5%. Among them, the total industrial output value above designated size was 6.4 1 100 million yuan, and the total industrial output value below designated size was1196 million yuan, which increased by 14.4% and1.5% respectively. Among the industries above designated size, foreign businessmen and Hong Kong, Macao and Taiwan have outstanding economic performance, with an accumulated output value of 2 2. 14 billion yuan, an increase of 57.8%; The state-owned output value was 96 million yuan, an increase of 26.4%; The annual output value of private industrial enterprises was 30.1600 million yuan, a year-on-year decrease of 4.5%.

In 2008, qujiang district made great efforts to change the development mode, effectively solved the development problems, and constantly strengthened its characteristic economy, overcoming the adverse effects caused by macro-control and the high price index of Shaoguan Power Plant, and promoting the stable operation and healthy development of the region's economy. The region's gross domestic product (GDP) reached GDP)9 1.8 billion yuan, an increase of 5.4%. Among them, the regional GDP reached 3.85 billion yuan, an increase of11.8%, which was 1.2 percentage points higher than the city average; The added value of the first, second and third industries was 839 million yuan,110.50 million yuan and 18.6 1 000 million yuan, respectively, increasing by 5.8%,14.3% and12.9%. The investment in fixed assets in the whole region was 4.988 billion yuan, up by 38.2%, 7.8 percentage points higher than the city average, and the growth rate reached a new high in recent years. The total tax revenue of the whole region was 837 million yuan, an increase of 5.5%. The general budget revenue of local finance was 363 million yuan, a net increase of 56120,000 yuan over the previous year, with an increase of 18.3%. The actual utilization of foreign capital was US$ 22 million, up by166.67%, which was higher than the city average by 145.28 percentage points. Foreign trade export 1.0874 billion USD, up by 51.87%, 42.35 percentage points higher than the city average; The per capita income of urban residents in the whole region reached110 yuan, an increase of11.9%; The per capita net income of rural residents reached 459 1 yuan, an increase of14.8%. All the expected targets at the beginning of the year have been achieved in an all-round way. Among them, the total revenue from the general budget, the total investment in fixed assets of the whole society, the actual utilization of foreign capital and its growth rate, and the export and growth rate of foreign trade rank first in all counties (cities, districts) in the city.

natural resource

Qujiang is rich in natural resources and is one of the key forestry counties in the province. It has Xiaokeng National Forest Park and Shaogang Group, two provincial nature reserves, Luokeng and Shaxi, with a living wood accumulation of 8 million cubic meters. Qujiang is known as the "hometown of nonferrous metals", with iron ore reserves above 1 100 million tons, accounting for18 of the total reserves in Guangdong Province. The reserves of lead, zinc and copper rank first in the province and antimony rank second in the province. The domestic Shaogang Group has an annual production capacity of 8 million tons, and the total installed capacity of Shaoguan Power Plant reaches/kloc-0.0 million kilowatts. There are many hydropower stations in the whole region, and small hydropower stations 143 have been built, with a total installed capacity of180,000 kilowatts. [2]

administrative division

Qujiang district has jurisdiction over 9 towns: Maba Town, Datang Town, Xiaokeng Town, shaxi town, Wushi Town, Zhangshi Town, Fengwan Town, Baitu Town and Luokeng Town. * * * There are 102 village (neighborhood) committees. District People's Government in Maba Town.

development of history

Qujiang is the place where human ancestors "Maba people" thrived/kloc-0.3 million years ago. It is also the birthplace of "Shixia culture" and one of the cradles of Maba people ruins park, an ancient Chinese culture. Qujiang has a long history, with a history of 2 120 years since it was established as a county in the sixth year of Emperor Yuan Ding (BC11year).

Qujiang, a beautiful city in Zhong Ling, once gave birth to a number of historical celebrities such as Zhang Jiuling, a famous figure in the prosperous Tang Dynasty, and Yu Jing, a famous minister in the Northern Song Dynasty. 　

On May 29th, 2004, the State Council approved (Guo Han [2004] No.40) the adjustment of some administrative divisions of Shaoguan City: Qujiang County of Shaoguan City was abolished and qujiang district City of Shaoguan City was established; Maba Town, Luokeng Town, Zhangshi Town, Dakeng Town, Wushi Town, shaxi town, Datang Town, Xiaokeng Town, Fengwan Town and Baitu Town of Qujiang County were under the jurisdiction of qujiang district, and the district people's government was stationed in Maba. Qujiang district was established on August 3rd.

As of 20051February 3 1 day, it administered 10 towns (Maba, Luokeng, Zhangshi, Dakengkou, Wushi, Shaxi, Datang, Xiaokeng, Fengwan and Baitu).

Original: Qujiang County On May 29th, 2004, the State Council approved (Guo Han [2004] No.40) the cancellation of Qujiang County and the establishment of qujiang district in Shaoguan City.

Qujiang county has a total area of 3 176 square kilometers and a total population of 4 1 10,000 people (2002).

County People's Government is located in Maba Town, zip code: 5 12 100. Administrative division code: 44022 1. Area code: 075 1. Pinyin: Qujiang Xian.

In the sixth year of Emperor Yuan Ding of the Han Dynasty (BC11year), the county was established.

In 2000, Qujiang County governed 23 towns. According to the data of the fifth census, the total population of the county is 36603 1 person. Among them: Maba Town 11623, Daqiao Town 80 19, Zhoutian Town 17643, Datang Town 2276 1 person, Fengwan Town/kloc-0. 2,434 people, 8,854 people in Dakeng Town, 8,866 people in Wushi Town, 2 1 143 people in Zhangshi Town, 0/78 people in Zitu Town, 223 10 people in Longgui Town and 0/0 people in Chongyang Town. 6 163 in Huaping town, 0/0922 in huang keng zhen, 7,087 in Huoshan town, 3 128 in Lingxi town, 6,544 in Baisha town, 7,694 in Luokeng town, 5,367 in jiangwan town, 5,642 in Fengtian town and 46/kloc-in Meicun town.

In 2002, Qujiang County governed 23 towns (Dakengkou, Fengwan Pit, Datang, Shaxi, Wushizhang City, Baitu Longgui, Chongyang Li City, Huaping Huangkeng Volcano, Lingxi Baisha Luokeng Jiangwan, Fengtianmei Village), 182 village committees and 28 neighborhood committees.

On May 29th, 2004, the State Council approved (Guo Han [2004] No.40) the adjustment of some administrative divisions of Shaoguan City: Qujiang County of Shaoguan City was abolished and qujiang district City of Shaoguan City was established; Maba Town, Luokeng Town, Zhangshi Town, Dakeng Town, Wushi Town, shaxi town, Datang Town, Xiaokeng Town, Fengwan Town and Baitu Town of Qujiang County were under the jurisdiction of qujiang district, and the district people's government was stationed in Maba. Put Huaping Town and Lishi Town of Qujiang County under the jurisdiction of Zhenjiang District of Shaoguan City; Put Chongyang Town, Longgui Town and jiangwan town of Qujiang County under the jurisdiction of Wujiang District of Shaoguan City; Huang keng zhen, Zhoutian Town and Daqiao Town in Qujiang County were placed under the jurisdiction of Renhua County.

folk custom

Qujiang has Han and Yao nationalities, and * * * has more than 380 surnames. The population of Yao nationality accounts for 0.8% of the total population in the region, and 75% of the population in the region uses Hakka dialect, followed by dialects such as vernacular, Pipo voice and Liantan dialect. Yao people use Yao dialect as their national language, and their costumes are not very different from those of Han people. Only a few women decorate themselves with pearls and aprons. Qujiang has the habit of drinking glutinous rice wine (called yellow rice wine in rural areas), which is often used to cook eggs and oil for guests. Women must drink yellow rice wine during childbirth. In some places, the marriage custom still retains "engagement, ceremony, date and marriage". There are customs such as lion dance, plum blossom dance and dragon dance at ten o'clock, and lantern festival.

The two "South Birthdays" on the eighth day of the second lunar month (the birthday of the sixth ancestor Huineng) and the third day of the eighth lunar month (the anniversary of Huineng's death) are the most important temple festivals in Nanhua Temple. On this day, there are 30,000 to 40,000 Buddhists and tourists visiting Nanhua Temple from all over the country and even abroad, which is the only grand occasion in the province.

"Ten Plum Blossoms" has a long history, and it is a popular folk percussion drum. It is widely spread in Qujiang rural areas. According to old folk artists, "Ten Plum Blossoms" existed as far back as the Tang Dynasty, and it is still preserved in Qujiang towns and villages, especially in Zhangshi, Maba and Datang, where it is widely spread and its performance skills are extremely high. At present, only folk artists over the age of 60 and 70 can play the "Ten Plum Blossoms" gongs and drums. In order to rescue, inherit and protect this folk art heritage, the district propaganda and culture department organized relevant personnel to collect and sort it out in the countryside, and prepared to declare the cultural heritage of Guangdong Province. The picture shows four old artists from NATO, Kengzi and Liaowu Village in Zhangshi Town performing "Ten Plum Blossoms" live. [4]

city construction

According to the principle of "standardized control, market operation, making money from land and rolling development", Qujiang has continuously innovated its urban management concept, fully tapped its urban development potential, vigorously revitalized urban land resources, transformed the old urban area, rectified the "one river and two banks" of Maba River, and built riverside gardens, Yuanhe Haoting, Yuanhe Haoyuan, Zhonghua Garden, Bihua Garden, Dongcheng Garden, Grand Hyatt Hua Ting and Qujiang Theater. [3]

Traffic communication

First, traffic

1, Railway: The Beijing-Guangzhou line runs through the north and south of Qujiang, and there are 7 railway stations along the line, and there are special branch lines such as Dabaoshan, Shaogang and Quren Mine. The annual freight throughput of Maba Station is more than 2 million tons. After the train speeds up, it takes 2 hours to reach the buses from Guangzhou, Beijing West and Shanghai to Hong Kong Kowloon, and there are pick-up and drop-off stations in Shaoguan, which can go back and forth on the same day.

2. Highway: The highways in the county extend in all directions and form a network, with a mileage of over 1,000 kilometers. 106, 323 national highway and 1946, 1949 and195 pass through the territory. Local roads connect villages, and the road leading to the town level has been completely transformed into secondary cement pavement. The Beijing-Zhuhai Expressway under construction runs through the territory. After it is completed and opened to traffic, it is 0/97 km away from Guangzhou/KLOC-and can reach Guangzhou in two hours.

3. Waterway: Zhenjiang River and Wujiang River merge into Beijiang River downstream in the county, which is navigable for ships of 120 tons. The container terminal in Shaoguan Xingang, 5 kilometers away from the county, can go through customs clearance procedures and reach Hong Kong and other places directly. There are 18 docks along the river in China, with an annual freight volume of over 300,000 tons.

Second, communication

Program-controlled telephones, analog and digital mobile telephones and paging telephones have been opened in the county, and they are connected with eight counties (cities) in Shaoguan, which can directly dial domestic large and medium-sized cities and more than 50 countries and regions in the world/kloc-0 [6].

In June 2020, qujiang district was included in the second batch of counties (Guangdong area) for the protection and utilization of revolutionary cultural relics.

On February 20 16, qujiang district was listed in the list of counties (cities, districts) where the development of compulsory education in China was basically balanced in 20 15.