Spend one's childhood in abundance and joy
Qiu Jin's original name was Qiu Guijin, and her nickname was Yu Gu. Later, she called herself "Jianhu Nvxia".
Qiu Jin was born at a time when China entered semi-feudal and semi-colonial. Due to the corruption and traitorous activities of the Qing Dynasty, hundreds of millions of people in China fell into the abyss of misery, people were in dire straits and the country was declining. Because Qiu Jin's grandfather and father were both officials in the Qing Dynasty, she spent her childhood in an affluent life and joy. In Qiu Jin's life, childhood was the only time when she was carefree, relaxed and happy.
There are four brothers and sisters in Qiu Jin. The elder brother is Qiu Yuzhang, and the word attracts achievements. The younger sister is Qiu Leap (later renamed as Ming Cheng), and the word is Pei Chat. The younger brother is Qiu Zongxiang (later renamed as Zong Zhang).
Qiu Jin entered the family school when she was a little older, and she studied Sanzi Jing, Hundreds of Surnames, Poems of Wonders, etc., but what she loved to read was poetry, novels of Ming and Qing Dynasties and legends of notes. In reading "casual books", she saw the fresh world beyond "Confucius said poetry". She especially admired the heroes of ancient and modern times, and wrote a poem at a very young age: "Who said that a beautiful woman won't be crowned?" "Don't value men more than daughters, only then do you believe that heroes have women." These are two sentences in the poem "The Inscription of Zhi" written by her for Qin Liangyu and Shen Fangying, two female heroes in the late Ming Dynasty. Since she was a child, she not only admired heroes, but also determined to be a hero.
Qiu Jin was smart since she was a child, and her poems never forget, which surprised both her grandfather and father. Grandfather Qiu Jiahe was an official in Xiamen and Zhangzhou, Fujian at that time. Every time he came back from class, he saw Qiu Jin at an early age, holding the poems of Du Fu, Xin Qiji and Li Qingzhao, and sometimes, Qiu Jin held his own poems for grandpa to see. Grandpa sat in the plush chair, twisting his long beard, enjoying his granddaughter's singing, with a sweet smile on his face. Father Qiu Shounan also felt sorry for his daughter and said, "If A Jin is a man, he will not be afraid of failing in the exam."
Although Qiu Jin is a woman, she has been heroic since childhood and likes martial arts. Grandpa retired from his hometown in autumn when he was 60 (1August, 890) and returned to Shaoxing, Zhejiang from Fujian. At that time, Qiu Jin 15 years old. When she was still in Fujian, Qiu Jin heard from her mother that her uncle and cousin were proficient in martial arts. After returning to Shaoxing, she pestered her mother to go to her uncle's house every day. Qiu Jin finally got to his uncle's house in Xiaoshan, Zhejiang, and learned swords and clubs from his uncle and cousin. It's not easy for a girl to learn martial arts, because Qiu Jin, like other women, has been entangled in her feet since childhood. Every time she practiced martial arts, the foot wrap was covered with blood, and the pain was unbearable. But when she thought of the story of Mulan joining the army for her father, she gritted her teeth and persisted, never complaining. When I was just learning to ride a horse, Qiu Jin, eager to win, accidentally caught a horse's belly in his legs. When Ma Xiangqian jumped, Qiu Jin fell off his horse and rolled forward. Although the pain was unbearable, the stubborn Qiu Jin was afraid that her uncle would not let her ride again, so she gritted her teeth and said "It didn't hurt at all". Back home, Qiu Jin smells chickens and practices martial arts every day, wields swords and rides horses between Shan Ye. Later, in the revolutionary activities, she really put her skills into use.
Qiu Jin spent her childhood in an affluent life and joy, but one thing that made her hate and helpless all her life was foot binding. It was the old ethics and customs that harmed her. She also deeply realized that women should wake up and declare war on the old feudal ethics and strive for the complete liberation of women in the social revolution. However, with the growth of age, the biggest pain in life came to her again, and fate challenged her again, but she was still the winner.
Bitter struggle in the dark fence
Qiu Jin is a generous, passionate and ambitious woman. However, under the semi-feudal and semi-colonial social conditions, feudal ethics and traditional customs plunged her into the abyss of pain. 1May, 89617th, Qiu Jin, arranged by his parents, married Wang Zifang, a dude with no ambition.
1894, when Qiu Jin was 20 years old, her father Qiu Shounan was transferred to Hunan Xiangtan as the general manager of Lijin Bureau (Tax Bureau). There is a man named Wang Fuchen in Xiangtan. He is a rich local businessman who owns a pawnshop, a money house and a tea shop. Qiu Jin's father, who had known Wang, came to Xiangtan and made frequent contacts, becoming friends who never turn back. One day, Li Runsheng, Qiu Shounan's good friend, came to Qiu's house, grinning from ear to ear. It turned out that he was asked by Wang Fu-chen to propose to Qiu Jin for his son Wang Zifang. Wang Zifang is four years younger than Qiu Jin and studied at Yuelu Academy. "Born handsome, handsome and romantic, he has a good reputation and won the favor of his parents." Qiu Jin's parents were satisfied with this marriage, thinking that the two portals were equal, so they married Qiu Jin to Wang Xiaofang. Qiu Jin didn't know Wang Zifang and didn't want to marry him. Qiu Jin once asked, "Why should I marry him?" . However, at that time, the marriage between men and women depended entirely on "parents' orders and the words of the media", so Qiu Jin had to do it.
Qiu Jin's husband, Wang Zifang, had read a book, but he had no ambition. He only knew how to eat, drink and be merry, and went with the flow. And her mother-in-law is also stubborn, grumpy and very demanding of Qiu Jin. After getting married, Qiu Jin goes to inquire after her mother-in-law twice every morning and evening, and strictly abides by the family rules. If she is not careful, her mother-in-law will accuse her face to face.
Qiu Jin is a generous and ambitious daughter, but she has no choice but to marry a rich, mediocre and incompetent husband. It is like a happy torrent being locked into a stagnant pool by the dam of marriage, and like a happy bird trapped in a cage and sighing every day. In a letter to his eldest brother, Qiu Jin once said, "I think my sister is the most miserable and painful person in the world ...", "If my sister gets a good couple and learns from each other, can't she study hard these seven or eight years? If you don't have a reputation like today, you must get ahead, thinking that I live with my parents and brothers, but I don't benefit from this, but I am worried about it all the time. " Qiu Jin also expressed his dissatisfaction with the marriage through the mouth of the protagonist Huang Jurui in Jing Wei Shi: "There was a rich man who made millions, and his family was rich in gold and silver. Childe is sixteen years old this year, and his appearance is still comparable to that of others. I heard how talented my eldest lady is, so I specially invited Wei's adult Junzhi to be the matchmaker. Miss Da is also very upset. She once complained to her mother. Because the wife is rich, she doesn't care about her daughter's body. She says that she has to take care of herself, and her parents are still in charge. Is there any fear of taking care of herself? Is it unheard of to follow the ancient ceremony? "The young lady was angry all her life, but she was unhappy all the time.
Qiu Jin wanders and frets in the Wangs every day, like a trapped animal.
1899 After the coup of 1898, Wang Zifang spent ten thousand taels of silver to donate a Beijing official who was in charge of the household, so the whole family moved to Beijing. Wang Zifang was busy welcoming officials and paying homage all day, and he did his best to flatter them. He also made friends with several Beizi and Baylor, who were often drunk and even stayed out all night. Qiu Jin and her husband are getting more and more distant. One night, Wang Zifang asked Qiu Jin to prepare a banquet, but he went out to eat wine himself. Qiu Jin was very angry and upset, so he took his servant to the theater to see the play. The first time she disguised herself as a man, when she came home, Wang Zifang actually reached out and hit Qiu Jin. She angrily left home and lived in Taishun Inn. In fact, since arriving in Beijing, Qiu Jin wanted to break out of the family cage and make a career in opposing feudalism and rejuvenating the country. It is easy to say: "When you are in life, you should be a doctor to help the poor and strive for your ambition. Would you rather be a trivial person?"
Eight-Nation Alliance invaded Beijing in 1900. On September 7th,190/0, the Western Empress Dowager fled to Xi 'an. Soon after, Li Hongzhang signed the Treaty of Xin Chou on behalf of the Qing government. China's society is darker and more colonial. Qiu Jin had already read articles by Chen Tianhua and others, and Chen Tianhua's Revolutionary Army, Turning Back and Jingshizhong all had a great influence on Qiu Jin's thought. "Oppose feudalism and overthrow the rule of Qing Dynasty", Qiu Jin has clearly realized that life must follow this path.
After arriving in Beijing, Qiu Jin also got to know several progressive women. In addition, she often reads newspapers and books attentively, which greatly broadens her ideological realm. Qiu Jin was greatly influenced by Wu Zhiying, who was sworn as a sister with her and married Jin Lan. Wu Zhiying is an upright and patriotic woman. Her husband, Lian Quan, once participated in "writing on the bus" and later opened "Kaiming Bookstore" in Shanghai. Wu Zhiying was very supportive of Qiu Jin's activities to solve women's problems, organized a "talk meeting" for progressive women, and often got together to talk about world affairs. Qiu Jin also met a Japanese woman-Hattori Fanzi, the wife of Dr. Hattori, a Japanese teacher at Jingshi University. Qiu Jin learned a lot about Japan from Mrs Hattori. She also decided to study in Japan, explore the road of life and explore the strategy of serving the country. She believes that only by studying abroad can she break through the cage, help herself, display her ambition and save the motherland.
Qiu Jin finally broke through the barriers of feudal families, from bitter struggle to anti-feudal revolutionary road. Qiu Jin resolutely took off her daughter's costume to show her determination, and established her ambition as a man. Later, Mrs Hattori wrote in Memories of Ms. Qiu Jin: "It was very unexpected that this friend who appeared in front of me was a man or a woman: her slim body was slightly bent forward, her thick black hair was scattered, and she was dressed in western-style men's clothing. The blue cap is worn askew, covering half of the ear; Wearing an ill-fitting half-worn ordinary men's suit, the sleeves are too long ... Brown leather shoes are exposed under the fat trouser legs, and a green tie is tied on his chest. His face is blue with white eyes, high nose and thin lips. Slim figure, what a handsome man. " The heroine's style is vividly on the paper.
Determined to overthrow feudalism
Qiu Jin, who was ambitious and patriotic against Qing Dynasty, struggled for eight years in feudal barriers, and finally went to a wide world and became an indomitable heroine.
1904 In February, on the eve of Qiu Jin's study in Japan, several girlfriends sent her a farewell party in Taoranting, south of Beijing. Qiu Jin couldn't help recalling the past and fondling the present, and was deeply moved. He wrote such a poem, "Where the beams join hands, a thousand miles of clouds cross.". 1904 In March, Qiu Jin and his good friend Mrs. Hattori went to Shanghai, returned to Shaoxing to bid farewell to his mother, and resolutely boarded the ship. Before leaving, she went to the photo gallery to take a photo of a man in a suit, which became a historical commemoration. 1904 On June 28th, Qiu Jin and Mrs Hattori boarded the "Independence" ship in Shanghai, arrived in Kobe, Japan on July 2nd, and arrived in Tokyo by train on the 4th, starting her study abroad career and completely embarking on the revolutionary road of anti-Qing and patriotism.
In Tokyo, Qiu Jin witnessed the prosperous capitalist scene after the Meiji Restoration in Japan, and his heart kindled infinite hope for the motherland. First, she devoted herself to the Japanese workshop set up by China International Students' Guild to study Japanese, and the next year she went to Qingshan Practical Girls' School to study at Qingguo Women's Normal School. In order to concentrate on her study, she put her daughter in a friend's house, and later reluctantly gave up what she wanted, so that the maid sent the child back to the country. She looked at her beloved little daughter, holding the hand of a stranger and disappearing into the vast sea, and her heart was surging. Give up without lingering, pursue resolutely and resolutely, and start her life journey of revolution and dedication.
Qiu Jin has been studying in Japan for only two years. While studying hard, she did everything possible to actively participate in various activities for overseas students in China, tried her best to help some overseas students in China who had difficulties, and started patriotic and anti-Qing revolutionary activities.
As soon as he arrived in Japan, Qiu Jin took every opportunity to participate in the activities of overseas students from China. No matter the activities of Zhejiang Association or Hunan Association, she never fails to attend. She not only takes part, but also gives a generous speech on stage. She is gushing, enthusiastic and sincere, which makes the listeners moved to tears. It didn't take long for Qiu Jin to become a famous person in the field of studying abroad. She had many contacts with many revolutionaries and famous figures, such as Lu Xun and Tao Chengzhang from Zhejiang, Song Jiaoren and Wang Shize from Hunan, He Xiangning and Feng Ziyou from Guangdong. Qiu Jin, known for his eloquence, attended the "speech practice meeting" as soon as he arrived in Tokyo. She seriously discussed the skills and themes of the speech with everyone, and used the speech as a weapon to publicize the revolution, publicize the revolution and advocate anti-Qing.
While studying in Japan, Qiu Jin also took an active part in the revolutionary activities against feudalism and Qing Dynasty. 1904 Mid-Autumn Festival, Qiu Jin participated in the establishment of Vernacular Newspaper, which was officially published. This is a newspaper in popular vernacular, mainly for the domestic public. Its purpose is to advocate ideological emancipation and patriotism and anti-Qing. Qiu Jin signed "Qiu Jin, Jianhu Woman"; , published many articles.
Qiu Jin believes that patriotism and anti-Qing must contact the masses and make friends with patriots. As soon as she arrived in Tokyo, she took an active part in activities organized by various societies and became an activist. At that time, a female student studying in Japan organized a "* * * Love Club", but the number was small and there were few activities. Qiu Jin clearly put forward the slogan of "resisting the Qing court and recovering the Central Plains", and reorganized the "* * * Love Society" into "Implementing the * * * Love Society", which was the earliest organization established by women in China. It was at this time that Qiu Jin changed Qiuboudoir Jin to Qiu Jin. 19041in late October, Qiu Jin took a bus to yokohama with several like-minded people to participate in a "triad society" with the aim of "overthrowing the Qing dynasty and restoring China", and Qiu Jin was named as a "white fan" (military adviser). "Triad" is a secret anti-Qing group. When joining the club, it is necessary to hold a secret and complicated ceremony, to put your head on a steel knife and swear, to jump into the brazier and drink chicken blood wine, and to have secret signals when members talk and walk. At the beginning of 1905, Qiu Jin finished his Japanese study, and decided to go back to China to raise tuition because his money was running out. When he said goodbye to a relative, Chen Yi, he happened to meet Tao Chengzhang, one of the founders of the anti-Qing revolutionary organization Guangfu Association. Qiu Jin has heard about Tao Zao, and Tao also heard that Qiu Jin is a famous Shaoxing native among the female students studying abroad. When they met, they talked very speculatively, and Qiu Jin asked to participate in the Guangfu Association. Tao didn't agree at first, and said, it's not appropriate for you to dance with a knife and get a gun in a woman's house. Hearing this, Qiu Jin immediately pulled out the Japanese knife at her waist and danced in a drunken mood. The people present praised Qiu Jin as "Jianhu Woman". Tao Chengzhang later not only introduced Qiu Jin to the Guangfu Association, but also introduced Cai Yuanpei and Xu Xilin, two leaders of the Guangfu Association in China. Later, when Qiu Jin returned to Shaoxing to carry out anti-Qing revolutionary activities, he mainly relied on local secret societies such as the Guangfu Association. /kloc-in the spring of 0/905, Qiu Jin returned to China to raise tuition fees, met Cai Yuanpei in Shanghai, and returned to Shaoxing to find Xu Xilin. Thanks to Tao Chengzhang's introduction, Xu Xilin personally presided over the ceremony for Qiu Jin to join the Guangfu Association. The ceremony was very grand and secret, and the blood was pricked and the oath was taken: "Recover the Han nationality, return my country to my country, make my country a success, and retire." 1On August 20th, 905, the League led by Sun Yat-sen was formally established. After half a month, Qiu Jin joined the League through Feng Ziyou's introduction, and solemnly swore in Huang Xing's apartment: "Qiu Jin, a native of Huiji County, Zhejiang Province, swore on the same day: expel Dalu, restore China, establish the Republic of China, have equal land rights, be faithful and loyal, and take office from beginning to end. Qiu Jin really embarked on the road of democratic revolution from patriotism to anti-Qing. Qiu Jin, the second Zhejiang student to join the League, was elected as a member of the League and a member of Zhejiang League.
19051On February 25th, Qiu Jin returned to his miserable motherland after two years of studying abroad.
Blood splashes on the pavilion, making it famous for ages.
Qiu Jin returned to China with the determination to devote himself to his country and die.
At the end of Qiu Jin's study in Japan, the Japanese government promulgated the Rules for Banning Students from Qing Dynasty at the request of Qing government. At that time, the Qing government was already in difficulties in internal and external affairs. It was very alarmed to learn that Sun Yat-sen and other revolutionaries and students studying in China were propagating the revolution. It repeatedly asked the Japanese government to expel Japanese students studying in Japan, and 8,000 students studying in China immediately held demonstrations and protests, and organized death squads to negotiate with the Japanese government. Qiu Jin served as the captain of the death squad and insisted on returning to China. 19051On February 25th, Qiu Jin boarded the ship "Changjiang" bound for Shanghai from Yokohama and resolutely returned to Shanghai. She is full of passion and death, and she is determined to do it. In a poem, she wrote: "It is necessary to save Gan Kun's strength if she fights for 100,000 heads." After returning home, Qiu Jin also said in a letter to his friend Wang Shize who stayed in Japan: "Your ambition is to endure humiliation in order to learn, but I will not be humiliated to shame my motherland; ..... When I return to China, I should try my best to plan, so as to recover the old things and meet you in the Central Plains. "I don't know whether I will succeed or not, but if I stay alive, I will not rest for a day." She also thought that it was a shame for women that no woman had devoted herself to saving the motherland at that time, saying, "I have been ignoring my life since I was a boxer, that is, I died without success and loved what I did not regret." It is clear that Qiu Jin has made up his mind to devote himself to the revolution.
1906 At the beginning of the year, when Qiu Jin walked into the house wearing a purple and white striped kimono with a short knife on her waist and her hair dished up, her younger brother Zongzhang didn't recognize her. My mother was overjoyed when she looked at her daughter's safe return, and shed tears of excitement.
After returning to Shaoxing, under the introduction of Xu Xilin and Tao Chengzhang, Qiu Jin first taught physical education in Ming Dow Girls' School, and in March of 1906, he went to Xunxi Girls' School in Nanxun Town, Xing Wu County to teach Japanese, health and other classes.
Qiu Jin taught in Xunxi Girls' School for only two months, but she made three close friends. When Qiu Jin told the students about the outside world and the truth of equality between men and women and women's liberation, everyone surrounded Mr. Qiu in high spirits, but a student named Wu Min sat alone in the corner and kept silent. When Qiu Jin learned that Wu Min turned out to be a child bride, without further ado, she took the money and went to be redeemed for her. Later, Wu Min always followed Qiu Jin; After Qiu Jin died, she resolutely changed her name to Wu Huiqiu and left Shaoxing to take part in the revolution with the secret documents given to her by Qiu Jin. Qiu Jin also became friends with Xu Zihua, dean of Xunxi Girls' School, and her sister Xu Yunhua, a student of Qiu Jin. In the last two years in Qiu Jin, the Xu sisters gave her a lot of warmth and comfort. On one occasion, Qiu Jin was seriously ill, and was cared for by the Hsu sisters day and night. In the poem "Sister Xie Xu sends dust to Xiao Shu when she is ill", Qiu Jin wrote: "A friend is better than a brother, and many sisters are more affectionate. ""Xu Zihua and Wu Zhiying and other friends advised the medicine to be heated every time they came, and they often gave me a spoon when they added meals. "Friends such as Xu Zihua and Wu Zhiying risked their lives after their sacrifice in Qiu Jin to build a tomb for Qiu Jin on the west cold bridge of West Lake in Hangzhou.
Qiu Jin cares about students, propagandizes women's liberation and revolutionary ideas. She is loved by teachers and students, but she is hated and attacked by local diehard forces. Therefore, she resolutely resigned and left Xunxi Girls' School.
In order to better publicize the anti-Qing patriotic revolutionary thought and arouse people's awakening, especially women's awakening, Qiu Jin went to Shanghai to set up China Women's Newspaper. After hard work, the first issue of China Women's Newspaper was published on 1907 1 month/0/4, but due to financial difficulties, China Women's Newspaper was forced to stop publishing on March 4, 907.
In order to run the China Women's Newspaper, Qiu Jin tried every means to raise funds with great enthusiasm and perseverance. She used to run around and raise money in person, and published an advertisement for shares in China and foreign daily, and planned to raise 10 thousand yuan, but only four or five people became shareholders. Her good friend Xu Zihua donated 1500 yuan. In desperation, Qiu Jin thought of a way to lure money from her husband's family in Xiangtan, Hunan. At that time, Qiu Jin's husband, Wang Zifang, was in Beijing. When his father saw Qiu Jin coming back, he thought she had changed her mind. He gave Qiu Jin a lot of money for his son second time around and for the sake of the Wangs' face, but in the end, he failed to run the magazine.
19061one night in February, Qiu Jin, who was hiding in a friend's house, suddenly had a visit. Bearer is a revolutionary Wang Jinfa who has never met before. He brought a personal letter from Xu Xilin, proposing that * * * should plan an armed anti-Qing uprising. Qiu Jin was very happy. He immediately prepared wine for his guests, met his friends, and talked all night, agreeing that the time had come for the armed anti-Qing movement. Wang Jinfa was ordered by Xu Xilin to invite Qiu Jin to preside over Shaoxing Datong Gymnastics School and take charge of the leadership of Zhejiang members. Xu Xilin went to Anhui to create a revolutionary situation, and the two provinces cooperated with each other to make progress in Nanjing.
Qiu Jin soon returned to Shaoxing, relying on Datong Gymnastics School, and went to contact members all over Zhejiang to prepare for the work of the armed uprising. Just as Qiu Jin was actively planning the uprising and everything was about to be ready, it was reported that Xu Xilin failed to assassinate Anhui Governor Enming in Anhui and was killed.
1July, 907 10, Qiu Jin learned from the newspaper that Xu Xilin's uprising in Anqing failed and was killed. Holding a newspaper in her hand, she burst into tears and had a premonition that she would also die for her country. She was advised to take refuge in other places for the time being, and contacted the Shanghai Concession for her to settle down, but she refused. She didn't eat and didn't speak, so she wrote a desperate poem, which has such a poem: "The dream of hurting compatriots is still faint, and who will hold Lu Chen who is sad for the motherland." "Although there is still life in death, I will sacrifice my responsibility; That is, this farewell ... ".
When studying in Japan, at a fellow villager's meeting, Hu Daonan, a teenager from Qiu Jin, declared that he disapproved of the revolution and opposed equal rights between men and women. Qiu Jin was so angry that he called him a "dead man" to his face. It was Hu Daonan, who was called a "dead man" by Qiu Jin, who learned from the students of Datong School that Qiu would launch an uprising on July 19. He informed the magistrate Guifu of Hangzhou, and Guifu reported it to Zhang Zengyang, the governor of Zhejiang in Hangzhou overnight. On July 1 1, Zhang Zengyang sent more than 300 Qing soldiers from Hangzhou to Shaoxing to arrest Qiu Jin. 12, a student sent a message to Qiu Jin, asking her to take refuge. Qiu Jin was very calm and said, "The revolution will only succeed if the Manchu slaves can tie me to the guillotine, and the revolution can be advanced at least five years. She organized everyone to hide the guns and ammunition of Datong School, and then ordered the students to disperse.
In the early morning of July 13, a white-haired old man suddenly came to the gate of Datong School and looked around. No talents carefully entered the yard. It turned out to be Wang Jinfa, a revolutionary in disguise. He came specially to tell Qiu Jin that the Qing soldiers had crossed the Qiantang River and urged her to leave Shaoxing quickly. Qiu Jin only said, "If I don't go to hell, who will?" Wang Jinfa was helpless, leaving a pistol for Qiu Jin and saying goodbye to Qiu Jin with tears.
Qiu Jin died, and was determined to devote himself to anti-Qing patriotism and arousing the people. After Qiu Jin was arrested, the last sentence she wrote was: "Autumn rain and autumn wind worry people". When interrogating her, she only stated her own opinions and didn't say a word about revolutionary activities. Finally, she said, "There is no need to ask more about the revolution. You can kill it if you want!"
1July 907 15 (the sixth day of the sixth lunar month), Qiu Jin died at Xuantingkou, Shaoxing, at the age of 32.
After Qiu Jin's sacrifice, her best friends Xu Zihua, Wu Zhiying and others risked their lives to build the tomb of Qiu Jin Martyrs beside the West Cold Bridge of West Lake in Hangzhou and in front of the tomb of the famous national hero Yue Fei. Qiu Jin Monument stands at Xuantingkou, Shaoxing, where she died. Hechangtang, where she lived, was turned into "Qiu Jin's former residence" by the people's government, and the state published "Historical Relics of Qiu Jin" and "Qiu Jin Collection" to show permanent commemoration.