Abstract During the "Twelfth Five-Year Plan" period, how traditional industries can achieve transformation and upgrading under the background of new industrial evolution has become an issue that must be carefully studied in the process of regional economic development. This article selects typical areas such as the eastern coastal areas, resource-based areas, and private economy pioneer areas to analyze and refine their practical experience in the transformation and upgrading of traditional industries. It hopes to contribute to the transformation and upgrading of traditional industries in Zhejiang in terms of development paths, guarantee mechanisms, methods and means, etc. Bringing inspiration and advice.

Keywords Comparative Research Policy Suggestions on Transformation and Upgrading of Traditional Industries

Generally speaking, traditional industries refer to industries that have developed for a long time and whose production technology has been basically mature. After rapid growth, the development speed has slowed down, the contribution to the national economy has gradually declined, and the resource utilization rate and environmental protection level are usually low. The traditional industries referred to in this article are mainly traditional industries. As far as Zhejiang Province is concerned, traditional industries mainly include textiles, clothing, electrical machinery, metal products, chemical fibers, machinery and automobiles, and plastic product processing. In order to better study the transformation and upgrading strategies of traditional industries in Zhejiang, we looked for the eastern coastal areas that are similar to the area where Zhejiang Province is located as the main objects of comparative analysis, and also drew on the experience of two typical areas, resource-based areas and private economy pioneer areas. Practice experience in order to provide reference for the formulation of traditional industry development strategies in Zhejiang Province and City.

An experience in the transformation and upgrading of traditional industries in the eastern coastal areas

Six representative provinces and cities including Shanghai, Guangdong, Fujian, Zhejiang, Shandong and Jiangsu are mainly selected here. The reason why they are classified They are classified into one category because they have the same characteristics of an export-oriented economy and have certain relevance in the transformation and upgrading of traditional industries. Through a comparative analysis of the six provinces and cities in terms of industrial structure, industrial organization, Hoffman ratio, fixed asset investment structure, etc., their traditional industrial transformation paths were sorted out and summarized.

1. Comparison of industrial structure

The organizational structure of the industry is an important part of the industrial structure. With the rapid growth of the total economic volume, the ownership structure of the eastern coastal provinces has achieved a historic leap, forming a system with public ownership as the main body and A new pattern of coexistence and simultaneous development of multiple ownership systems. The following characteristics can be seen from Table 1: (1) In terms of the proportion of state-owned enterprises, the proportions of Zhejiang, Jiangsu, Shandong, Guangdong, Fujian and Shanghai are all below 10%, of which Jiangsu is below 5%; ( 2) Shanghai, Guangdong, and Fujian are characterized by the development and growth of foreign-invested, Hong Kong, Macao, and Taiwan-invested enterprises. The total industrial output value of foreign-invested, Hong Kong, Macao, and Taiwan-invested enterprises accounts for about 50% of the total industrial output value of the province, especially in Shanghai. Reaching 61.13%, showing strong openness. (3) Non-state-owned enterprises, especially private enterprises, account for the highest proportion in Zhejiang. Among them, the proportion of total industrial output value of private enterprises reached 44.35%, which is higher than that of other provinces, indicating that Zhejiang is at the forefront of the development of the private economy.

Table 1 Above-scale industries in the six eastern coastal provinces in 2010

List of total industrial output value of enterprises (unit: 100 million yuan)

State-owned enterprises in the province

Enterprise collectives

Enterprise shareholding system

Enterprises foreign and Hong Kong, Macao and Taiwan

Business-invested enterprises private enterprises

Zhejiang 51394.20 3331.26 123.12 237.91 13104.16 22792.11

Jiangsu 92056.48 4451.71 1289.82 4632.18 36592.50 32644.65

Shandong 83851.40 5486.12 2632.65 22896.1 14 365.94 30408.87

Guangdong 85824.64 4595.82 767.03 30802.53 45519.23 16201.08

Fujian 21901.23 1478.99 551.15 2929.96 10657.57 6205.94

Shanghai 30114.41 1752.99 244.53 2877.23 18407.67 3483.32

Data source: 20 Statistical yearbooks of relevant provinces in 2011

2. Comparison of the Hoffmann Ratio

German economist W.G. Hoffmann established the "Hoffmann Ratio Theory" in 1931, that is, the net output value of the consumer goods industry and the net output value of the production material industry. ratio. In the process of industrialization, the Hoffmann ratio continues to decline. As can be seen from Table 2, the Hoffman ratios of the eastern coastal provinces of Zhejiang, Jiangsu, Shandong, Guangdong, Fujian and Shanghai are all less than 1, which indicates that these provinces have a relatively high level of industrialization and have reached the fourth stage of industrialization and have entered the Heavy chemical industry stage. Among them, Shanghai has the highest level of industrialization, with a Hoffman ratio of 0.28 in 2010. Zhejiang has a lower level of industrialization, only higher than Fujian in 2010, with a Hoffman ratio of 0.69.

Table 2 Huffman ratio of eastern coastal provinces

2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010

Zhejiang 0.85 0.78 0.76 0.71 0.72 0.69< /p>

Jiangsu 0.45 0.43 0.41 0.37 0.37 0.36

Shandong 0.59 0.55 0.54 0.51 0.51 0.48

Guangdong 0.68 0.62 0.62 0.62 0.64 0.62

Fujian 0.81 0.83 0.82 0.86 0.89 0.85

Shanghai 0.34 0.32 0.3 0.29 0.29 0.28

Data source: Statistical yearbooks of relevant provinces over the years

3. Comparison of fixed asset investment structures

Practice shows that industrial investment structure has a greater impact on industrial transformation and upgrading. It can be seen from Table 3 that the fixed asset investment in the tertiary industry in the eastern coastal provinces has become the main driving force for the growth of fixed asset investment in the whole society. The proportion of fixed asset investment in the tertiary industry in Shanghai, Fujian, Guangdong and Zhejiang has exceeded 50%. Among them, the proportion of fixed asset investment in Shanghai's tertiary industry has reached 72.7%. Overall, the investment ratio structure of the three industries in coastal provinces in 2010 has formed a "three-two-one" structure, and the industrial investment structure is gradually being optimized.

Table 3 Status of fixed asset investment structure in eastern coastal provinces (2010) (unit: 100 million yuan)

Total fixed asset investment in the whole society, the first industry

Industrial investment in secondary industry

Industrial investment in tertiary industry

Industrial investment in three major industries

Investment proportion

Zhejiang 11451.98 60.12 4656.38 6735.47 0.5∶40.7∶58.8

Jiangsu 23184.28 221.91 12463.58 10498.78 0.9∶53.8:45.3

Shandong 23276.69 551.82 11332.35 11392.52 2.4:48.7:48.9

Guangdong 16113.19 181.83 5241.53 10689.83 1.1∶32.5∶66.4