Also known as the classification of national economic sectors. A multi-level industrial concept formed by decomposing and combining economic activities according to certain principles. Because of the different research angles, the industrial classification is also different. At present, the common classifications are: (1) The United Nations Industrial Classification, also known as the United Nations Standard Industrial Classification, is a standard industrial classification formulated by the United Nations to unify the industrial classification of all countries in the world. It divides the national economy into ten departments: agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting. Mining; Manufacturing industry; Power supply, gas supply and water supply; Construction industry; Wholesale, retail, hotels and restaurants; Transportation, storage and transportation, communication; Finance, insurance, real estate; Government, social and personal services; Other economic activities. Each department is divided into several small items, and then the small items are decomposed into several small items, including large, medium, small and fine, and each item is assigned a statistical code. This industrial classification divides and standardizes all economic activities without omission. Statistical data based on this classification are highly comparable. The remarkable feature of the United Nations Industrial Classification is that it maintains a stable relationship with the Third Industrial Classification, and the main items of its classification can be easily merged into three parts, thus keeping consistent with the Third Industrial Classification. (2) The classification of tertiary industry divides all economic activities into primary industry, secondary industry and tertiary industry. The terms primary industry and secondary industry first became popular in New Zealand and Australia in the 1920s. At that time, agriculture, animal husbandry, fishing, forestry and mining were called "primary industries" and manufacturing was called "secondary industries". 1935, Allen g Fitch, a professor at the university of otago, put forward the concept of tertiary industry. From 65438 to 0940, colin clark, a British economist and statistician, used three industry classification to study the law between economic development and industrial structure change in his book Conditions for Economic Progress, and divided all economic activities into primary industry, secondary industry and tertiary industry. Because of the different angles and purposes of studying industrial structure, the classification of three industries in different countries is not completely consistent. To sum up, there are three classification methods: (1) Australia and New Zealand. The primary industry includes agriculture, animal husbandry, fishery, forestry and mining; The secondary industry includes manufacturing and transportation; The tertiary industry includes commerce, finance and insurance, real estate and personal services. (2) Classification of Japan 1947 Economic White Paper. The primary industry includes forestry, fishery and aquaculture; The second industry is manufacturing, including mining, manufacturing, construction, electricity, gas, tap water, transportation and communication; The tertiary industry refers to the service industry, including quality, finance, real estate, personal services, commerce, housework, professional services, government and national defense. In China, the primary industry refers to agriculture, forestry, animal husbandry and fishery. The secondary industry refers to industry (including mining, manufacturing, tap water, electric power, construction, etc.). ); The tertiary industry refers to commerce, service industry, post and telecommunications industry, finance and insurance industry, scientific research, culture and education, health and other industries. In addition, there has always been a saying of the fourth industry. The so-called fourth industry is the general name of some emerging industries which are usually divided into primary industry, secondary industry and tertiary industry. It is the division of industrial structure in capitalist countries. It mainly includes: departments that design and produce electronic and computer software, departments that apply new technologies such as microcomputer, optical fiber, laser and genetic engineering, and highly electronic and automated industrial departments. (3) The classification of resource-intensive industries is also called the classification of resource-intensive industries. In the analysis of industrial structure, according to the difference of dependence of different industries on resources in the production process, the classification method is used to divide industries. This classification method roughly divides industries into: ① resource-intensive industries. Also known as land-intensive industries. Industries that need to use more natural resources such as land for production in the input of production factors. As a factor of production, land resources generally refer to various natural resources, including land, virgin forests, rivers, lakes and oceans, and various mineral resources. Land resources are the necessary material conditions and natural basis for human production activities. The most closely related to land resources are agriculture and mining, including planting, forestry, animal husbandry and fisheries, and mining. ② Labor-intensive industries. In the proportion of production factors, the proportion of labor input is higher. It serves capital and technology-intensive industries. In the process of social development, with the development of production, the progress of science and technology, and the improvement of the organic composition of capital, two different types of industries have emerged: labor-intensive and capital-technology-intensive industries, in which the proportion of materialized labor consumption is low and the proportion of living labor consumption is high. ③ Capital investment in capital-intensive industries accounts for a high proportion of production factors. ④ Technology-intensive industries are also called knowledge-intensive industries. In the input of production factors, it is necessary to use complex, advanced and cutting-edge science and technology to produce industries, or to use high knowledge-intensive labor as production factors. (4) According to whether the industry is in a state of growth or decline, it can be divided into ① sunrise industry. With the progress of the new technological revolution and the change of social demand, the industrial sector is in a prosperous state in the competition of developing new products and opening up new markets. Mainly refers to the rapid development of emerging technologies and knowledge-intensive industries, such as microelectronics, lasers, new materials, new energy, space development, marine development, satellite communications, biological engineering and other industrial sectors. It is characterized by advanced technology, intensive knowledge, low energy consumption and high economic benefits. In recent years, with the development of various emerging technologies and the expansion of application scope, sunrise industry has played a great role in promoting the development of capitalist countries, promoting the adjustment of world economic structure and deepening the international division of labor. Because the development of these industries is like the rising sun in the morning, they are vividly called "sunrise industries". ② Sunset industry. With the progress of the new technological revolution and the change of social demand, the industrial sector is at a disadvantage in the competition of developing and creating new products and opening up new markets. Mainly refers to the traditional basic industries in developed countries, such as coal, textiles, steel, automobiles, railways and so on. Its characteristics: mainly based on the simple principle of motor, it consumes a lot of energy, produces a lot of waste and pollutants, has long production cycle, low technical requirements, repeated labor operations, standardized products and highly centralized control. As far as the world is concerned, due to the impact of the new technological revolution, the traditional industries in some industrialized countries have obviously declined, with low equipment utilization rate, overcapacity and fewer employees. Therefore, people call it "sunset industry" figuratively.