3 Basic clauses
3.0. 1 Residential design shall conform to the requirements of urban planning and residential area planning, and use land and space economically, reasonably and effectively.
3.0.2 Residential design should coordinate the building with the surrounding environment and create a convenient, comfortable and beautiful living space.
3.0.3 Residential design should be people-oriented, and meet the use requirements of special groups such as the elderly and the disabled in addition to the general living requirements.
3.0.4 Residential design shall meet the requirements of sunshine, natural lighting, ventilation and sound insulation required by residents.
3.0.5 Residential design must meet the requirements of energy conservation, and residential buildings should be able to make rational use of energy. According to the local energy conditions, the energy supply mode combining conventional energy and renewable energy should be adopted.
3.0.6 Residential design should be standardized, modular and diversified, actively adopt new technologies, new materials and new products, and actively promote industrialized design, construction technology and modular application technology.
3.0.7 The structural design of the residence shall meet the requirements of safety, applicability and durability.
3.0.8 The residential design shall comply with the provisions of relevant fire protection codes and meet the requirements of safe evacuation.
3.0.9 The residential design should meet the basic requirements of effective function, safe operation and convenient maintenance of the equipment system, and reserve a reasonable installation location for related equipment.
3.0. 10 residential design should not only meet the requirements of recent use, but also consider the possibility of future transformation.
Building density (building density; Building coverage), [1] refers to the ratio (%) of the total basement area to the occupied area of a building within a certain range. Refers to the coverage rate of buildings, specifically refers to the ratio (%) of the total basement area of all buildings in the project land area to the planned construction land area, which can reflect the vacant land rate and building density in a certain land area.
The plot ratio refers to the ratio of the total construction area to the land area of a community. For developers, the plot ratio determines the proportion of land cost in housing, while for residents, the plot ratio is directly related to the comfort of living. In a good residential area, the plot ratio of high-rise residential buildings should not exceed 5, that of multi-storey residential buildings should not exceed 2, and that of green space should not be less than 30%. However, due to the limitation of land cost, not all projects can be done.
Also known as "building coefficient" or "K" value, it refers to the percentage of building area (living area in residential buildings) in the building area. The calculation formula is: building plane coefficient = usable area/building area × 100%.
The plane coefficient of building is one of the technical and economic indexes of building. Used to measure the economic rationality of plane layout. For example, in residential buildings, the plane coefficient of buildings is generally 50-55%.
In the case of the same residential building area, increasing the K value can increase the living area. When the value of k increases 1%, if the unit cost of construction area remains unchanged, the investment can be reduced by 1.4% according to the average living area.
The positioning axis should coincide with the main grid axis. Distance between positioning lines (such as span, column spacing, height, etc.). ) shall conform to the module size to determine the position and elevation of the structure or member. The connection between structural members and plane positioning lines should be conducive to the unification and interchange of horizontal members, beams, slabs, roof trusses, vertical members, walls and columns, and make the structural members bear reasonable forces and simplify the structure.
According to the corresponding building codes and general design modules.
Use space and equipment space.
Standard single bed1900 * 900; Double bed is 2000* 1500, 2200* 1800.
According to the Code for Residential Design, when the height of 3.9. 1 window sill is less than 0.90m from the floor and ground, there should be protective facilities, and there is no such restriction when there is a balcony or platform outside the window. The clear height of the window sill or the height of the protective railing should be calculated from the treadable surface to ensure that the clear height is 0.90 meters.
80CM
4. 1. 1 The stairwell design shall conform to the current national standards, Code for Fire Protection Design of Buildings (GBJ 16) and Code for Fire Protection Design of High-rise Civil Buildings (GB50045).
4. 1.2 The clear width of the stair section should not be less than 1. 10m. For residential buildings with six floors or less, the width of stairs with railings on one side should not be less than1m.
There are many atlases everywhere.
Building materials and methods of roofing waterproof engineering
1. Cast-in-place reinforced concrete slab
2. 1: 6 The slope of cement slag is 2%, and the lowest part is 30mm thick.
3.20㎜ thick 1: 3 cement mortar leveling.
4.2 mm thick polyurethane waterproof material.
5. 1.5㎜ thick EPDM waterproofing membrane.
6.30 thick polystyrene extruded insulation board.
7.3㎜ thick hemp knife ash isolation layer.
8. Color cement brick shall be paved with 25-thick 1: 3 cement mortar, with a joint width of 3㎜, and sand shall be filled for cleaning.
Concrete slopes and mortar slopes, mainly concrete slopes.
It shall be calculated and determined according to Article 4.9 of Code for Design of Building Water Supply and Drainage (GB500 15-2003).
Flooding is a kind of building waterproof technology. Generally speaking, it is actually the junction of the wall and the roof, that is, all the plane facades that need to be waterproof.
To put it bluntly, waterproof treatment is to wrap the corners with waterproof materials. Unlike aproll.
Organized drainage and unorganized drainage.
This is a bit much, but the same, the wall material is different.
Reinforced concrete frame structure, shear wall structure, frame shear wall structure, frame tube structure and tube structure, brick-concrete structure, brick-concrete structure.
Aisle combination, suite combination, hall combination, unit combination and comprehensive combination.
The stair tread width should not be less than 0.26m, and the tread height should not be greater than 0.175 m.
The gap between the uprights of stair railings should not be greater than 0.11m.
When the length of railings in the horizontal section of stairs is more than 0.50m, the height of handrails should not be less than1.05 m.
The protective layer paved with masonry or concrete around buildings such as houses has a width of more than one meter [2]. The purpose of setting the apron is to drain the groundwater near the footstool of the external wall of the building quickly, prevent the eaves from dripping and washing the soil around the external wall, reduce the possibility of the wall and foundation being soaked by water, protect the wall and foundation and prolong the service life of the building.
Prevent the moisture in the soil from rising along the foundation wall, prevent the groundwater at the foot from infiltrating into the wall and make the wall damp. The horizontal moistureproof layer should generally be within the range of indoor impervious cushion (such as concrete), usually set at an elevation of 0.006m, and at least 0/50 mm higher than the terrace outside the city to prevent rainwater from splashing on the wall. When the ground is made of permeable materials (such as gravel and slag), the position of the horizontal moistureproof layer should be flush with the indoor ground or 60mm higher, with a distance of+0.06 mm..
Expose the ceiling and ceiling shed.
3.3. 1 The usable area of the kitchen shall not be less than the following provisions:
One, one, two kinds of housing is 4 square meters; The second, third and fourth types of houses are 5 square meters;
3.3.2 The kitchen should have direct lighting and natural ventilation, and should be arranged in a suite near the entrance.
3.3.3 The kitchen shall be provided with facilities such as washing basin, counter, cooker and range hood or reserved positions, which shall be arranged according to the cooking operation flow, and the net length of the operation surface shall not be less than 2. 10 m2.
3.3.4 In the kitchen with single-row equipment, the minimum width of the operation desk is 0.5m Considering the space required for the operator to squat down to open the cupboard door and drawer or the extreme distance for another person to pass behind the operator, the minimum clear width is required to be1.5m.: : In a kitchen with double rows of equipment, the clear distance between two rows of equipment should not be less than 0.90m m.
Plate type and beam type.
The lower part of the inner wall of the dado is decorated with wire feet or other special decorations or surfaces; Also refers to this part of the surface or other decoration. The skirting board (skirting board, skirting line) is the structure that the inner side of the outer wall and both sides of the inner wall are connected with the indoor ground.
From the artistic style of the building itself and the harmony with the surrounding environment.
One is cantilever plate, and the other is beam plus plate.
Clear height should not be less than1.05m.
3.4. 1 Each house should be equipped with a toilet [3], and the fourth type of house should be equipped with two or more toilets. Each house should be equipped with at least three pieces of sanitary ware, and the use area of toilets with different sanitary ware combinations should not be less than the following provisions:
1, toilet, bathtub (bathtub or shower) and washbasin 3 square meters;
2, a bathroom, bathtub two sanitary ware is 2.50 square meters;
3, a toilet, washbasin two sanitary ware is 2 square meters;
4. The single toilet is 1. 10 square meter;
3.4.2 The bathroom door without antechamber should not be directly opened to the living room (hall) or kitchen.
3.4.3 Toilets should not be directly arranged in the bedrooms, living rooms (halls) and upper floors of kitchens of lower-level households. Can be arranged on the upper floor of the bedroom, living room (hall) and kitchen of this suite; And should have waterproof, sound insulation and easy maintenance measures.
3.4.4 The position of the washing machine should be set in the unit.
Pull horizontally from the inside out.
According to the opening mode, it can be divided into: fixed window, upper hanging window, middle hanging window, lower hanging window, vertical rotating window, casement window with pulley, casement window with casement window, sliding door, sliding casement window, folding door, floor spring door, lifting sliding door, sliding door and inner sliding door.
The living room (hall) should have direct lighting and natural ventilation, and its use area should not be less than 12 square meters.
Disconnect and use other materials to wrap and build connections.
One is to make overhead ventilation insulation layer on the roof, such as overhead precast slab, concrete gable board, reinforced concrete semi-circular arch, double tile roof and so on. The other is to use the space in the ceiling shed as a ventilation interlayer and set a certain number of ventilation holes to make the air in the ceiling shed convection quickly.
Exterior wall internal insulation, exterior wall interlayer insulation, exterior wall external insulation.
Roofing waterproof grade is divided into Ⅰ ~ Ⅳ grades, in which permanent works are divided into Ⅰ ~ Ⅲ grades, and secondary works are 15 years.