# Accounting Title Examination # Introduction 20 19 The preparation for the primary accounting title is about to begin. In order to make candidates better grasp the knowledge points, the "20 19 Knowledge Points of Primary Accounting Practice: Risk of Assets" is issued. Through this study, we need to master the basic knowledge points of primary accounting practice, and hope that candidates can preview in advance and master them comprehensively.

1. How do you pronounce the variance of yield (σ2)σ? Similar to "Delta"

The variance of the rate of return is used to indicate the degree of deviation between various possible values of the rate of return on assets and their expected values. Its calculation formula is:

The variance of the rate of return σ2=∑[Ri-E(R)]2×Pi

Variance σ 2 of the rate of return = [rate of return in case 1-expected rate of return ]2× probability of possible occurrence in case 1.

The square of the deviation of the rate of return by memory method is multiplied by the corresponding probability, and then accumulated, which is the variance.

Thinking about the problem, why not use absolute value to represent the dispersion degree of a set of data and use variance? If it is an absolute value, it should be |Ri-E(R)|

The variance is [Ri-E(R)]2.

Looking at the above form, we know that the ending is actually the same, just ensuring its positive sign, that is, there are positive and negative deviations, and there can be no positive and negative deviations =0, but the single deviation is very large, that is, it is very discrete. Both of them can represent the degree of dispersion of samples. The choice of variance is easy to calculate, we only need to do some sum of squares, and the absolute value needs to be changed. Then add up, and the complexity of the program increases.

2. Standard deviation of output (σ)

The standard deviation of return rate is also an index reflecting the deviation between the possible value of asset return rate and its expected value, which is equal to the square root of variance.

The square root of the variance of mnemonics is the standard deviation of the rate of return.

pay attention to

(1) Standard deviation and variance are absolute numbers to measure asset risk. In the case of equal expected returns, the greater the standard deviation or variance, the greater the risk; The smaller the standard deviation or variance, the smaller the risk.

(2) The standard deviation or variance index measures the absolute size of risk, so it is not suitable for comparing the risks of assets with different expected returns.

3. Standard deviation rate of yield (V)

The standard deviation rate is the ratio of the standard deviation of the return on assets to the expected value.

Note that the standard deviation rate is a relative indicator, indicating the risks contained in the expected return per unit of assets. Generally speaking, the greater the standard deviation rate, the greater the relative risk of assets; The smaller the standard deviation rate, the smaller the relative risk of assets. The standard deviation index can be used to compare the risks between assets with different expected returns.