1. What is Tang Monk’s resume
Chinese name: Xuanzang
Also known as: Tang Monk
Gender: Male
Era: Tang Dynasty
Nationality: Han
Years of birth and death: 602~664
Xuanzang ( 602~664 years), commonly known as Tripitaka Master, commonly known as Tang Monk, his surname is Chen Ming, and he was born in Luozhou Master (Fengshi Town, Yanshi City, Henan Province) in the Tang Dynasty. Both my grandfather and father were officials. When Xuanzang was more than thirty years old, he was already famous in the Buddhist world. As his knowledge increased, he felt deeply that the different schools of thought were different and difficult to draw conclusions, so he decided to go to Tianzhu to explore the origin.
In the third year of Emperor Taizong's Zhenguan reign (629 AD), Xuanzang went to Tianzhu. Later, he retrieved the scripture and was received by the emperor. His deeds were adapted and written into "Journey to the West", one of China's four major classical masterpieces, by Wu Cheng'en, which has been widely circulated for thousands of years. 2. The life story of Monk Tang in Journey to the West
The Monk Tang in Journey to the West is based on Xuanzang. Xuanzang is a descendant of Chen Shi, a famous minister of the Eastern Han Dynasty. His great-grandfather Chen Qin served as the prefect of Shangdang in the Later Wei Dynasty; his grandfather Chen Kang served as an official in the Northern Qi Dynasty due to his academic excellence, served as a doctor of the state, and lived in Zhounan (Luoyang, Henan).
My father, Chen Hui, was tall and strong, with beautiful eyebrows and bright eyes. He devoted himself to learning and read a lot of scriptures. He was admired by people of his time. He once served as a county magistrate in Jiangling. Later, after the decline of the Sui Dynasty, he lived in seclusion in the countryside and took care of his illness. It goes without saying that people of insight at the time praised his integrity. Chen Hui had four sons, and Xuanzang was his fourth son. Xuanzang was born in the second year of Renshou (602) in the Sui Dynasty.
In the eighth year of the Sui Dynasty (612), Xuanzang was 10 years old. He was highly rewarded by Zheng Shanguo, the minister of Dali Temple, and became a monk in the Pure Land Temple in Luoyang, the eastern capital. After Xuanzang became a monk, he first studied the Nirvana Sutra with Master Jing in the Pure Land Temple in Luoyang, and the "Photography Theory" (hereinafter referred to as "Photography Theory") from Master Yan for six years.
In the twelfth year of Sui Dynasty (618), Xuanzang followed his brother to Hanchuan and went north to Yizhou, where he met two masters, Kong and Jing, and studied under them. Then he went to Chengdu to study where eminent monks gathered. In the fifth year of Wude (622), Xuanzang received full ordination in Chengdu. Later, Xuanzang traveled around the country, visited famous teachers, and gave lectures on Buddhist scriptures.
In order to explore the differences in the theories of various Buddhist schools, Xuanzang traveled 50,000 miles westward alone in the first year of Zhenguan. After going through hardships, he arrived at Nalanda Temple, the center of Indian Buddhism, to collect the true scriptures. For seventeen years, he studied all the scriptures at that time. Various theories of Mahayana and Mahayana. When Xuanzang returned in 645 AD, he brought back 150 Buddha relics, 7 Buddha statues, and 657 scriptures. He has been engaged in the work of translating Buddhist scriptures for a long time.
Xuanzang and his disciples translated and published 75 classics (1335 volumes). The translated classics include the Mahaprajna Sutra, the Heart Sutra, the Interpretation of the Deep Tantric Sutra, the Yoga Master's Treatise on the Earth, and the Theory of Perfect Consciousness. "wait. The twelve volumes of "Records of the Western Regions of the Tang Dynasty" record the mountains, rivers, towns, products, customs, etc. of the 110 countries he personally experienced during his journey to the West and the 28 countries he heard about. "Journey to the West" is based on Xuanzang's deeds in obtaining Buddhist scriptures.
Extended information:
Xuanzang is hailed by people around the world as an outstanding envoy of cultural exchanges between China and foreign countries. His patriotism and protection of Buddhism and his great contribution were hailed by Lu Xun as "the savior of the Chinese nation". Backbone”, Messenger of World Peace.
With the appearance of a person who has no self, no one, no sentient beings and no life span, and a spirit that is not afraid of life and death, he traveled west to obtain Buddhist scriptures, which embodies the true deeds of Mahayana Buddhism and Bodhisattva to save all living beings. His footprints are all over India and his influence reaches as far away as Japan, South Korea and even the world. Xuanzang's thoughts and spirit are now the unique wealth of the people of China, Asia and even the world.
Xuanzhong's contribution to the development of Chinese culture is multi-faceted, the greatest of which is his translation of Buddhist classics, which "interprets the truth and opens up later learning". In the 19th year of Tang Zhenguan (645), 46-year-old Xuanzang returned from India.
In the next 20 years, he devoted all his efforts and wisdom to the cause of Bible translation. In Chang'an and Luoyang, Xuanzang, with the help of his assistants, translated 74 Buddhist scriptures, 1,335 volumes, each volume has about 10,000 words, totaling 13.35 million words.
Taking up the entire Tang Dynasty More than half of the total number of sutras translated on behalf of others is equivalent to more than double the total number of sutras translated by the other three major translators in Chinese history. Moreover, the quality greatly surpasses their predecessors and has become an outstanding example in the history of translation.
Baidu Encyclopedia--Xuan Zang
Baidu Encyclopedia--Tang Monk 3. Introduction to Tang Monk
Xuanzang (602-644/664), Tang Dynasty The famous Tripitaka Master from the DPRK was the greatest translator in the history of Chinese Buddhism. His common surname is Chen, and his real name is Ye. He was born in Fengshi County, Luozhou, Luoyang, Henan (now south of Yanshi City, Henan Province). He is the founder of the Faxiang Sect of Buddhism. The eminent monk, Buddhist scholar and traveler, is known as the three major translators of Chinese Buddhism together with Kumarajiva and Zhenti, and one of the founders of the Consciousness-Only Sect. The novel "Journey to the West" tells the story of Tang Monk, a monk who eats fast and chants Buddha's name. The four masters and apprentices went through all kinds of hardships to obtain the true scriptures. The image of Tang Seng in film and television works was also changed from the novel.
Xuanzang's family is located in Fengshi County, Luozhou, Henan (south of Yanshi County, Henan Province today). The family was originally a Confucian family. But when he was still young, he determined to follow his second brother and become a monk.
Later, he and his second brother were stationed at the Pure Land Temple in Luoyang, where they stayed for five years. It was still the Sui Dynasty. During this period he studied Theravada Buddhism and Mahayana Buddhism, with his preference for the latter.
When the Sui Dynasty fell in 618, Xuanzang and his brother fled to Chang'an (already the capital of the Tang Dynasty at that time), and then went south to Chengdu, Sichuan. Here the two brothers spent about two to three years continuing to study Buddhist scriptures deeply.
In 622, when Xuanzang was 20 years old, he officially became a monk. He then left his brother and returned to Chang'an to study foreign languages ??and Buddhism. 4. A 50-word introduction to Tang Seng
Tang Seng was reincarnated as Elder Jinchan, the second disciple of Tathagata Buddha. He was diligent, studious, and highly savvy, and stood out among the monks in the temple. Emperor Taizong of the Tang Dynasty invited him to hold a "Water and Land Conference", and he was selected by Guanyin Bodhisattva as a Buddhist scripture collector. He became a sworn sworn disciple with Emperor Taizong of the Tang Dynasty and went to the West to collect Buddhist scriptures.
Tang Seng, also known as Tang Sanzang, is a character in "Journey to the West", one of the four famous Chinese novels. In his previous life, he was the second disciple of the Tathagata, Jin Chanzi, and his prototype was the eminent monk Xuanzang of the Tang Dynasty. Xuanzang was born in Luoyang, Henan Province today. His lay name was "Chen Yi" and his Buddhist name was "Xuan Zang". He was honored as "Master Tripitaka" and later became known as "Tang Monk" in the secular world.
Tang Seng is a kind-hearted monk who eats fast and chants Buddha's name. Although he had no ability, the demons and ghosts who tried their best to eat Tang Monk's flesh finally reaped the consequences and ended up ruined.
In the book, Tang Monk is a mortal figure, with a cowardly side and a fearful side, and because he is a mortal with naked eyes, he will severely scold Sun Wukong when he sees him going on a killing spree. He is a man with firm faith and good heart.
Extended information
Tang Monk became a monk and converted to Buddhism at the age of eighteen. He often read at night under a green lantern. He continued to study Buddhist classics and had extremely high understanding. He became famous in China in his twenties. Buddhism was deeply loved by Emperor Taizong of the Tang Dynasty. Later, he was secretly selected by Tathagata Buddha to go to the Western Heaven to obtain scriptures, and was given three treasures, namely, a cassock, a nine-ring tin staff, and a tight mantra. Tang Monk was tall, elegant in manner, kind in temperament, and very knowledgeable in Buddhist scriptures.
In the novel, he encountered ninety-nine and eighty-one difficulties when traveling west to seek Buddhist scriptures, but he never changed his mind. With the help of Sun Wukong, Zhu Bajie, Monk Sha, and White Dragon Horse, he went through countless hardships and finally returned from the West Tianlei. Yinsi retrieved thirty-five scriptures and made great contributions to the promotion of Buddhist education. People still talk about it and do not forget his historical achievements.
Sogou Encyclopedia - Tang Monk 5. Introduction to Tang Monk in Journey to the West
Tang Monk:
His common surname is Chen, his birth name is Jiangliu, his Buddhist name is Xuanzang, and he is the number one in the Tang Dynasty. An eminent monk, so he is called Tang Monk. A native of Yanshi, Luoyang, Henan, when he was traveling westward to obtain Buddhist scriptures a few kilometers away from the Huaguo Mountain in Yiyang, Luoyang, he was given the name Tripitaka (Sanskrit tri^n!i pit!aka^ni, Pali ti^ by Emperor Taizong Li Shimin of the Tang Dynasty) n!i pit!aka^ni. Sanskrit pit!aka, meaning container, barn, cage, etc. (1) It refers to the sacred scriptures of Indian Buddhism. Three classifications. According to the fourth chapter of the Mahayana Sutra, the meaning of "photography" is to capture everything that should be known. That is to say, the method of reciting it is passed down orally from master to disciple. According to the Manjusri Puchao Samadhi Sutra, the meaning of "treasure" is to accept all the teachings of the Dharma and other sects that should be known. In addition to the Tripitaka, miscellaneous treasures (incarnation, causes and conditions, etc.) are added, and the Duzi Division adds mantra treasures (mantras, dharanis) to form the Four Treasures. Add the Miscellaneous Collection of Treasures and the Forbidden Mantra Collection, the Comprehensive Theory of Practice plus the Collection of Miscellaneous Collections and the Bodhisattva Collection, and the Six Paramitas plus the Prajnaparamita Collection and the Dharani Collection. The five are collectively called the Five Collections. In addition, the Sutra Collection and the Vinaya Collection are both included. , or both the Sravaka Collection and the Bodhisattva Collection are collectively called the Two Collections)
Tang Monk became a monk and converted to Buddhism at the age of 18. He often read at night with a green lantern, constantly studied Buddhist classics, and had a very high level of understanding. In his twenties, he became famous in Chinese Buddhism and was deeply loved by Emperor Taizong of the Tang Dynasty. Later, he was secretly selected by Tathagata Buddha to go to the Western Heaven to obtain scriptures, and was given three treasures, namely, a cassock, a nine-ring tin staff, and a golden hoop mantra. Tang Monk was tall, elegant in manner, kind in temperament, and very knowledgeable in Buddhist scriptures. In the novel, he encountered ninety-nine and eighty-one difficulties on his journey to the West to obtain Buddhist scriptures, but he never changed his obsession. With the assistance of Sun Wukong, Zhu Bajie, Monk Sha, and White Dragon Horse, he went through many hardships and finally retrieved thirty-five Buddhist scriptures from Leiyin Temple in the West. This sutra has made great contributions to the promotion of Buddhist education. It is still talked about by people and their historical achievements are not forgotten.
Xuanzang (602-644/664), the famous Tripitaka Master of the Tang Dynasty, was the greatest translator in the history of Chinese Buddhism. His common surname is Chen and his real name is Ye. He was born in Fengshi County, Luozhou, Luoyang, Henan Province (now south of Yanshi City, Henan Province). He is the founder of the Faxiang Sect of Buddhism. The eminent monk, Buddhist scholar and traveler, is known as the three major translators of Chinese Buddhism together with Kumarajiva and Zhenti, and one of the founders of the Consciousness-Only Sect.
Xuanzang became a monk when he was young. His family was poor and his parents died early. He became a monk at the age of 13. After that, he visited famous Buddhist teachers, and successively studied "Mahayana Theory", "Zaabi Tanxin Lun" and "Chengshi Lun" from Huixiu, Daoshen, Daoyue, Fachang, Sengbian, Xuanhui and others. ", "Kusashastra" and "Mahaparinirvana Sutra" and other sutras, his attainments are getting deeper and deeper. Feeling that the different schools had different theories and it was difficult to come to a conclusion, he decided to go to Tianzhu to study Buddhism. In the first year of Zhenguan (627), Xuanzang married Chen Biao and asked permission to travel west to seek Dharma.
But it was not approved by Emperor Taizong of Tang Dynasty. However, Xuanzang was determined and "brave the charter and headed privately to Tianzhu", starting from Chang'an Shenyi and ending in Wangshe New City, a long journey of more than 50,000 miles.
In the first month of the second year of Zhenguan, Xuanzang arrived at the royal city of Gaochang (now Turpan County, Xinjiang) and was greeted by Qu Wentai, the king of Gaochang. Later, it passed through Quzhi (now Kuqa, Xinjiang), Lingshan (Yamsuer Ridge), Suye City, Jiabishi State, Chi Jianguo (now Tashkent, Soviet Union), and Sajiang Jianguo (east of today's Samarkand City). , Congling, Iron Gate. Arrive at the hometown of Huoluo Kingdom (today’s west of Congling and Wuhu Henan area). Heading south, we passed through the Kingdom of Fuhe (now Balkh in northern Afghanistan), the Kingdom of Jiezhi (now Ghazi, Afghanistan), the Snowy Mountains, the Vanyana Kingdom (now Bamiyan in Afghanistan), and the Kingdom of Ganshuangluo (now Peshawar, Pakistan). and the adjoining eastern part of Afghanistan), the Uvona Kingdom (the Swat region of Pakistan), and reaches the Kashimila Kingdom. Here I learned the "Kusashastra", "Shunzheng Theory" and the cause of enlightenment and statement from Sangcheng (or Sangsheng), and talked with Vishudha Sengha (Pure Master's Son) and Sangsugammitara (Tathagata). Friend), Vasumitra (World Friend), Suryadeva (Ritian), Chennarata (Supreme Savior), etc. wrote letters on Buddhism, for 2 years before and after. After that, he went to the Dhojia Kingdom (today's Punjab, Pakistan) to learn the Sutras and the Guangbaisana from an old Brahmin; to the Naputi Kingdom (today's Firozpur in northern India) to learn Vimitabha. Labo (Tune Fu Guang) studied "Dharma Theory" and "Sutra Theory"; he went to Jamlandala Kingdom (today's Jalandhar in northern India) to receive "The Divide of All Things" from Chandala Vaman (Yuezhou). "Phasa"; went to the country of Drakchena (now north of Rohtak in northern India) to learn "Viphasa" from Janata; went to the country of Marodipura (now north of Mendavor in northern India) to learn "Viphasa" from Janata; Xina received "Bian Zhen Lun" and "Suifa Zhi Lun"; he went to Qunu City (today's Leke on the west bank of the Ganges River in India) to learn "Buddha's Messenger Viposha" and "Rizhou Vipo" from Lehangyasi Na sand". In the fifth year of Zhenguan, he arrived at Nalanda Temple in the Kingdom of Magadha to study under Jie Xian.
Xuanzang stayed in Nalanda Temple for 5 years, was treated favorably, and was selected as one of the ten virtues who knew the Tripitaka. Listened to Jie Xian's lectures on "Yogi's Ground Theory", "Shunzheng Theory" and "Promote the Holy Teachings", "On Dharma", "Jijushu", "Middle Theory", "Hundred Theory", as well as the explanations and statements. At the same time, he also studied various Brahman books.
On the 25th of the first month of the 19th year of Zhenguan, Xuanzang returned to Chang'an. History records that at that time, "the Taoism and customs rushed to welcome it, and the whole city went on strike." 6. The biography of Tang Monk is about 50 words
Xuanzang (602-664), a famous eminent monk in the Tang Dynasty, the founder of the Faxiang Sect, was a native of Luozhou Fangshi (now Yanshi, Luoyang, Henan)[1 ], he was originally from Yingchuan[2], his lay name was "Chen Yi", his Buddhist name was "Xuan Zang", he was honored as "Master Tripitaka", and later he was called "Tang Monk" in the secular world, together with Kumarajiva and Zhendi Known as the three major translators of Chinese Buddhism.
In order to explore the differences in the theories of various Buddhist schools, Xuanzang traveled 50,000 miles westward alone in the first year of Zhenguan, and went through hardships to reach Nalanda Temple, the center of Indian Buddhism, to collect the true scriptures. During the seventeen years before and after, he studied all the various theories of Mahayana and Mahayana at that time. He brought back 150 Buddha relics, 7 Buddha statues, and 657 sutras, and he was engaged in the work of translating Buddhist sutras for a long time.
Xuanzang and his disciples translated 75 Buddhist scriptures and 1,335 volumes. Xuanzang's translated works include the Mahaprajna Sutra, the Heart Sutra, the Interpretation of the Deep Esoteric Sutra, the Theory of the Yoga Master, and the Theory of Consciousness Only.
The twelve volumes of "Records of the Western Regions of the Tang Dynasty" record the mountains, rivers, towns, products, customs, etc. of the 110 countries he personally experienced during his journey to the West and the 28 countries he heard about. "Journey to the West" is based on his story of seeking scriptures. 7. A 100-word introduction to Tang Seng
Tang Seng, also known as Tang Sanzang, is a character in "Journey to the West", one of China's four famous novels. In his previous life, he was Jin Chanzi, the second disciple of Tathagata.
As early as the Dunhuang murals of the Western Xia Dynasty, there are stories of Tang Monk and the monkey-like Sun Wukong holding a white horse. Later, after continuous interpretation, "Journey to the West" was created.
On the way to obtain scriptures, Tang Seng successively accepted three apprentices: Sun Wukong, Zhu Bajie, and Sha Seng, and named them: Wukong (taken by the Bodhi Patriarch, Tang Seng gave him the nickname Xingzhe), Wuneng, and Wukong Jing, with the help of three apprentices and Bai Longma, went through all kinds of hardships and finally retrieved thirty-five scriptures from Xitian Leiyin Temple. With perfect merit and good deeds, he was promoted to a great position and was granted the title of Zhan Tan Merit Buddha.
Extended information
In the novel "Journey to the West", the author further portrays Tang Seng's perseverance and persistent pursuit of character, and has become a model for many people to follow. . As a master, he has strict requirements for his disciples and often teaches them to "be compassionate."
Although the eldest disciple was very resourceful and capable, after even injuring the lives of "three people from a good family", the master could not consider his feelings and expelled him back to his hometown; as a monk, he did good deeds and contributed to the society. He eliminates harm to the people and sows the seeds of kindness to people; as a scholar, what makes people marvel is his strong will and persistent pursuit spirit.
Not only does he have strict requirements for his apprentices, but he also never slacks off himself. Don't be fooled by wealth and lust, don't be conquered by death.
No
It is said that in the thirteenth year of Emperor Taizong's reign, Emperor Taizong of the Tang Dynasty searched for talents in order to obtain the Mahayana scriptures. Xuanzang of the Tang Dynasty recommended himself to the emperor and saluted him: "A poor monk is not talented. He is just like the work of dogs and horses. Your Majesty, please seek the true scripture and pray for the eternal peace of our king."
The King of Tang Dynasty was overjoyed and stepped forward to lift up the emperor's hand and said: "Master, if you can be so loyal and virtuous, you will not be afraid of long journeys and long journeys. Mountains and rivers, I am willing to worship you as my brother." Xuanzang nodded and thanked you. The king of the Tang Dynasty was very virtuous, so he went to the temple and bowed four times to Xuanzang in front of the Buddha, calling him "the holy monk who is my younger brother".
Xuanzang was grateful and said: "Your Majesty, what virtues and abilities does this poor monk have? How dare he be favored by God like this? When I leave, I will sacrifice my life and work hard to reach the Western Heaven. If I don't reach the Western Heaven, , If you don't get the true scripture, you will not dare to return to your country even if you die, and you will fall into hell forever."
I will burn incense in front of the Buddha and take this oath. When Xuanzang returned to Hongfu Temple, all the disciples said in unison: "Master, I have heard people say that the road to the west is far away, and there are more tigers, leopards and demons. I am afraid that there will be no return, and it is difficult to save one's life."
Xuanzang said: "I have made a great vow. If I do not take the true scriptures, I will fall into hell forever. I am probably favored by the king, and I have to be loyal to serve the country. Zhongnan Fuquan, Zhong Kui has a method of blessing and exorcism, learn it It can be used.
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