This is not a rainstorm, but the revenge of the mob. A few hours ago, blacks and other 125 African-Americans gathered on the beach, playing games and sunbathing near the high and low tide tracks. This does not mean simple beach leisure activities, but group dissent. At that time, the city was isolated along the 26-mile coastline of the Gulf of Mexico. Under the leadership of doctor Gilbert Mei Sen, the black community tried to correct the restricted access through a series of "wading". However, chaos and violence soon destroyed this special activity.
It is foreseeable how a beautiful seashore becomes a laboratory of social unrest. Think about Dr. Mei Sen's arrival in Biloch West in 1955. The general practitioner is a native of Jackson, Mississippi. After completing his medical studies at Howard University and practicing in St. Louis, he moved with his family. Many white doctors in Biloch West respect Mei Sen who died in 2006. "Some people will ask him to have an operation," said his son, Dr. Gilbert Mei Sen, who obtained the privilege of 15 years in Biloch West Hospital. In the northern city, he ate at the lunch counter and watched movies with white people. Here, the change is delayed. His son said, "Dad is not a traveling citizen, but he is a citizen of the world." . "What he could hardly tolerate when he was young, he certainly could not tolerate when he was an adult."
The main reason is the inequality of coastline. In the early 1950s, the US Army Corps of Engineers reinforced beaches to prevent seawall erosion. Although the project uses taxpayers' money, blacks can only surf on the beach, such as next to a hospital in Virginia. The owner claimed that the beach was private property-Mei Sen strongly questioned this. "Dad is very logical," Mei Sen said. "He deals with this problem systematically."
According to James Crowe III, president of the Biloch West Branch of the National Association for the Advancement of Colored People directed by Mei Sen, this method represents the modus operandi of doctors. Crowe said, "What surprised me about Dr. Mei Sen was his thoughts. "His thinking ability and wisdom: not only as a doctor, but also as a community leader."
While the medical profession was emerging, Mei Sen held a political dialogue with patients and suggested ways that they might support the civil rights struggle that was still in its infancy. Being a boy scout brought him into contact with teenagers who wanted to borrow money. These young participants include blacks and Claremont Zimmerson, who are not yet 15 years old. However, Zimmerson was frustrated by the injustice he suffered. "I've always wanted to go to the beach and I don't know why I can't," he said. "Every time we take the city bus, we have to pay through the front door. Then we have to get off and go to the back door. We can't just walk down the aisle. This worries and bothers me.
For Jameson, * * * is a family affair: his mother, stepfather, uncle and sister also participated. Jimerson was so enthusiastic about participating in the activity that he bought a suit: sandals, bright shirts and an Elgin watch.
1May, 959 14 The attendance rate of the initial * * * event was very low, and Wade hardly proposed to set off a wave. However, Mei Sen Jr. pointed out: "Every wading reveals something. The purpose of the first * * * is to see what the police's real response is. "The police's response is to forcibly take away all nine participants, including two masons. Old Mei Sen himself was the only participant in the second Biloch West * * * activity in 1960 Easter, which was held a week before the bloody week and was in line with a cross-town * * activity led by Dr. Felix in neighboring Porter, Gerf. Mei Sen's arrest at Easter provoked a stronger reaction from the municipal authorities.
Before wading for the third time, Mei Sen instructed the * * * to give up items that might be interpreted as weapons, even a wallet nail file. * * * people are divided into several groups and stationed near important places in the city center: cemeteries, lighthouses and hospitals. Mei Sen shuttled between stations, monitoring the progress of the meeting in the car.
Some participants, such as Jameson, started swimming. A group of seaside tourists only take food, football and umbrellas to keep out the sun. Wilmer b mcdaniel, the operator of the funeral home, carries softball equipment. Both Blake and Zimmerson expected the white man's surprise attack, and they both prepared nicknames instead of Arsenal. Blake, now a priest in Biloch West, said, "They came with all kinds of weapons: chains, tire irons." . "No one expected the outbreak of violence. We're not ready. Their number overwhelmed us. They flew over the area like flies.
Dr Gilbert Mei Sen, escorted by the police, went to a court in Biloch West, Mississippi, and led the black community to carry out a series of "wading" activities to lift the 26-mile-long coastline west of Biloch. (AP photo) Only the beaches and waves on Biloch West Beach are left in this black community. 1960, they held a "wading" activity, but soon after, violence from the white community followed. (AP photo) An approaching white mob quickly hit mcdaniel in a brutal shelling. Blake said, "I saw mcdaniel being beaten within an inch of his life. "He fell and was hit by a chain, and the sand became bloody." As the attack continued, mcdaniel begged his wife to protect his body with her wife.
When the mob chased Jameson across the highway, where the traffic almost stopped, he heard a white adult urging his attacker, "You'd better catch that nigger." . "You'd better not let him escape." At a terrible moment, Zimmerson didn't think he would run away. Towards a house that is unlikely to be a refuge, it can be traced back to the other side of the highway before the Civil War-a fence blocked Zimmerson's route, and he knew he could not expand. "There's nothing I can do. I prayed and shook my fist. "He waved and missed, but that attempt made him fall and threw away everyone he wanted to be a baton." After the scuffle, Dr. Mei Sen treated the injured patient. Zimmerson and his stepfather searched for his new ensemble, and found it was part of a woodpile, burning in a white column of smoke. "I'll tell you, son," said Zimmerson's stepfather. "We can buy you another watch. We cannot give you another life.
When night fell, it became violent. White thugs rolled in the black community, threatening and shooting. William Winter, the former governor of Mississippi, who was then the director of the state tax bureau, recalled that he felt "great admiration" for the courage of the people, which coincided with the "disappointment and even disgust" of a group of people who refused them to enter the beach. Not only refused their visit, but also caused personal violence.
This event is exciting. A white businessman participated in the attack, which angered the community and triggered a * * * attack on his shop in Biloch's West African-American district. Black said, "This man is a member of a gang and beat us. "The next night, he still had the courage to go back and open his shop." It didn't take long: * * * forced him to close his business.
Biloch West-National Association for the Advancement of Colored People (NAACP) was established quickly after the bloody Sunday, and Mei Sen was appointed as the chairman, a title he held for 34 years. In a letter to Mei Sen in 10, Medega evers pointed out that the turning point of this * * * was: "If we are going to be beaten, let's accept it because we did something, not because we didn't do anything." After the assassination of evers 1963, we carried out the last wading operation, although it took five years to solve the problem of beach access in the federal court.
Although the wader was caught in Green Sboro's lunch.