For the income from enterprise income tax declaration, the amount of operating income in line 1 of the main table of the Annual Tax Return for Enterprise Income Tax will generally be extracted, including the income from main business and other business.
If the two incomes are inconsistent, tax officials often regard this as an important risk point to ask the enterprise to explain, and many taxpayers will be confused, knowing that they have truthfully declared the two incomes, why is there an abnormality?
But in fact, it is normal that the income tax of enterprises is inconsistent with the income tax of value-added tax if there are the following situations. Let's take a look at them separately:
1
Some acts regarded as sales will result in inconsistency between the two taxes.
(1) Taxpayers transfer the goods for sale among inter-county (city) internal institutions that implement unified accounting. This kind of behavior needs to calculate the output tax for value-added tax, but in terms of accounting and enterprise income tax policy, it belongs to the internal transfer of assets, which is neither included in operating income nor calculated to pay enterprise income tax.
(2) Taxpayers use self-produced or commissioned goods for collective welfare. In this case, the goods did not leave the enterprise, the ownership did not transfer, and there was no inflow of relevant economic benefits. In accounting, only the cost was carried forward, the income was not recognized, and it was not included in the taxable income of enterprise income tax.
(3) The Trustee sell goods on a commission basis by collecting handling fees. The entrusted party charges a handling fee to sell goods on a commission basis, and the sales of consignment goods are not accounted for as the business income of the enterprise, nor does it involve enterprise income tax. However, because the buyer's payment is collected and the VAT invoice is issued, the realization of VAT income has been constituted in essence, that is, the output tax needs to be accrued as "sales", and the input tax will be accounted when the consignment list is delivered and the VAT invoice of the entrusting party is obtained. The handling fee charged by the trustee to the client is included in other business income, which belongs to the nature of commission and should be calculated and paid with value-added tax and enterprise income tax according to regulations.
2
Out-of-price expenses, resulting in inconsistent income declared by two taxes.
The sales amount of value-added tax is determined according to the total price and extra-price expenses obtained by taxpayers in taxable activities. Out-of-price expenses include fees, subsidies, funds, collection fees, returned profits, incentive fees, liquidated damages, late payment fees, deferred payment interest, compensation, collection funds, advance payment, packaging fees, package rent, reserve fees, quality fees, transportation and handling fees and other out-of-price charges of various nature.
These extra-price fees charged by taxpayers, except for the government funds or administrative fees that meet the requirements, and the money collected on behalf of the entrusting party by issuing invoices in the name of the entrusting party, should be included in the value-added tax sales and declared to pay value-added tax.
However, a considerable part of these extra-price charges are not included in the operating income when accounting and enterprise income tax returns are made. For example, the deferred interest charges collected should be offset against the financial expenses, the packaging fees, reserve fees and transportation handling fees collected should be offset against the sales expenses, the liquidated damages, compensation fees and late fees collected should be included in the non-operating income, and the money collected and prepaid should be included in the current items.
Although it will not affect the accounting results and the calculation of taxable income in the end, when comparing the data of the two tax returns, it will form the situation that the value-added tax returns are greater than the enterprise income tax returns.
three
Disposal of fixed assets and intangible assets, resulting in inconsistent income declared by two taxes.
Taxpayers who dispose and transfer fixed assets and intangible assets in their production and operation should declare and pay VAT according to the selling price and applicable tax rate or collection rate. However, in accounting treatment and enterprise income tax declaration, the amount of asset disposal income after deducting book value and related taxes and fees is included in non-operating income or non-operating expenditure. Obviously, this will cause the income of VAT declaration to be greater than that of enterprise income tax declaration.
four
Inconsistency of income from tax declaration due to financial commodity transfer business.
For the transfer of financial commodities, according to the provisions of Caishui No.201636, the taxpayer shall calculate and pay value-added tax on the sales of financial commodities according to the balance after deducting the purchase price from the selling price.
When filing a tax return, fill in the sales related columns in the main table of the tax return according to the sales excluding tax before deduction. The accounting treatment of financial asset transfer and enterprise income tax declaration are reflected in the current profit and loss and taxable income through investment income. In contrast, the income from VAT declaration is greater than the income from enterprise income tax.
five
Financial subsidy accounting, resulting in inconsistent income declaration of two taxes.
According to No.45 of State Taxation Administration of The People's Republic of China Announcement No.2019, if the financial subsidies obtained by taxpayers are directly linked to the income or quantity of goods, services, intangible assets and real estate, the value-added tax shall be calculated and paid according to the regulations.
However, the financial subsidies obtained by taxpayers are reflected in non-operating income or subsidy income in accounting and enterprise income tax declaration. If taxpayers obtain financial subsidies of the above nature, the income from VAT declaration will also be greater than that from enterprise income tax declaration.
six
Value-added tax exemption business, resulting in inconsistent income declared by two taxes.
According to the relevant provisions of value-added tax, no matter whether it is a general taxpayer or a small-scale taxpayer, if the taxable behavior is subject to tax exemption, special invoices may not be issued, but ordinary invoices marked as "tax exemption" in the tax rate column may be issued.
When taxpayers declare the value-added tax exemption business, they should fill in the corresponding column of tax-free sales in the main table of the declaration form with tax-included sales.
In accounting, because the regulations are not clear, the only document about the tax-free accounting treatment of value-added tax, Caihuizi 19956, has been invalidated with the setting of new accounting standards. At present, there are two different treatment methods. One is to count all tax-free sales into the main business income by the method of price-tax summation, and the other is to restore tax-free sales into tax-free sales by the method of price-tax separation, and the accrued output tax is included in subsidy income or non-operating income.
If the taxpayer adopts the first method of accounting, there will be no inconsistency between the declared income of the two taxes. If the second accounting method is adopted, the income from VAT declaration will be greater than that from enterprise income tax declaration.
seven
Different principles of income recognition lead to inconsistent income declared by the two taxes.
Value-added tax and enterprise income tax both calculate the taxable amount based on income, and there are both similarities and differences in income recognition. This difference in income recognition is bound to have a certain impact on the income declared by the two taxes. Here is a brief analysis of the following special sales settlement methods:
(a) consignment of goods. When a taxpayer entrusts a consignment, the value-added tax will confirm the sales by "receiving the consignment list" or "receiving all or part of the payment". The sales amount of enterprise income tax is confirmed by the list of consignment received (Guoshuihan No.2008875). If the enterprise receives the consignment list first and then receives the payment, the two taxes will recognize the income at the same time; If the taxpayer receives the payment first and then the consignment list, the value-added tax will first confirm the income; If the taxpayer has neither received the consignment list nor the payment, the VAT income will be confirmed on the "day when the consignment goods are delivered 180 days", and the enterprise income tax will wait for the consignment list to arrive.
(2) Selling goods by collection and acceptance. Under the collection and acceptance mode, the value-added tax requires that the income be recognized on the day when the goods are sent out and the collection procedures are completed, while the enterprise income tax only needs to "complete the collection procedures" to recognize the income. If the taxpayer issues the goods first and then completes the collection procedures or completes them at the same time, there is no difference in income recognition between the two taxes. If the taxpayer completes the collection procedures before issuing the goods, the enterprise income tax should be recognized before the value-added tax.
(3) Advance rental business. Taxpayers provide leasing services in advance, and value-added tax is recognized according to "the day when the advance payment is received", and enterprise income tax is recognized by stages according to "one-time payment in advance across years, which will be evenly included in the relevant years by stages" (Guoshuihan No.201079). Obviously, the value-added tax should be recognized before the enterprise income tax.
(four) sales of large goods in advance. Taxpayers sell goods in advance, and their income is confirmed on the "day when the goods are sent out", which is basically the same in value-added tax and enterprise income tax. However, for the production and sales of large-scale machinery and equipment, ships, airplanes and other goods with a production period exceeding 12 months, the income of value-added tax is recognized on the day when the advance payment is received or the payment date agreed in the written contract, while the income of enterprise income tax is required to be recognized according to the "completion progress (completion percentage method)".
If the taxpayer receives the payment or the agreed payment date is earlier than the income realization date determined according to the progress of the project, the value-added tax will recognize the income before the enterprise income tax; If the payment is received or the agreed payment date is later than the income realization date determined according to the progress of the project, it is the opposite result.