A. What are the accounting certificates?

Generally speaking, it can be divided into four categories:

First, professional qualification certificates, such as accounting certificates for accounting work and certified public accountants for auditing work.

The second category, professional title certificate. According to the primary, intermediate and advanced levels, they are divided into assistant accountants, accountants, senior accountants and senior accountants. Among them, senior accountants are equivalent to associate professors in universities, and senior accountants are equivalent to professors in universities.

The third category, certificates in the field of acquisition. For example, the previous certified tax accountant certificate and certified asset appraiser certificate.

The fourth category is foreign certificates. After the opening of the country, many accountants are keen to test foreign certificates such as ACCA. At present, the most recognized accountant in the market is the certificate of certified public accountant.

Besides, the specific accounting certificates are mainly divided into:

1, employment certificate (accounting certificate)-accounting qualification certificate; Accounting computerization certificate

2. Professional title certificates-assistant accountant (junior), accountant (intermediate) and senior accountant (senior)

3. Qualification certificate-Certified Public Accountant (CPA-PRC)

4. Chartered Certified Public Accountant (Certified Public Accountant in Britain, Europe and many major countries) (ACCA)

5. International Certified Internal Auditor (CIA)

6. British International Accountant (AIA)

7. American Certified Public Accountant (CPA-US)

8. Chartered Management Accountant Certificate (CIMA)

9. Canadian Certified Public Accountant (CGA)

(1) What are the contents of the certificate of accounting major for further reading?

Accounting is an economic management activity that takes money as the main unit of measurement, vouchers as the main basis, and makes a comprehensive, comprehensive, continuous and systematic accounting and supervision of the capital movement of a certain unit with the help of special technical methods, providing accounting information to relevant parties, participating in business management and aiming at improving economic benefits.

The ancient meaning is * * *. China has had a special accounting office since the Zhou Dynasty, which is in charge of tax revenue, money and other financial work, and carries out monthly planning and annual meeting. That is to say, every month is counted as "plan" and the whole year is counted as "meeting", and the two together become "accounting".

B. What are the basic certificates of accounting?

Certificate of primary accounting title

application qualifications

1, adhere to principles and have good professional ethics;

2. Earnestly implement the Accounting Law of the People's Republic of China and the unified national accounting system, as well as relevant financial laws, regulations and rules, and have no serious violation of financial discipline;

3. Perform job responsibilities and love your job;

4. Have accounting qualification and hold accounting qualification certificate;

5. Have a high school diploma or above recognized by the national education department. Enter oneself for an examination reason

After the cancellation of the accounting certificate, the primary accounting title examination will become an access examination for the accounting industry. Compared with the difficulty of CPA examination, the working years of intermediate accounting titles are limited. The primary accounting title exam has become an inevitable choice for many accountants, and it is the best choice for students. The primary accounting title exam is the only title exam that students can take during their school years. Obtaining a junior accounting title can enhance one's own value, increase employment opportunities, and increase the chances of promotion and salary increase for those who have already engaged in accounting work.

Intermediate accounting title certificate

application qualifications

(1) Basic conditions

Personnel who sign up for the intermediate accounting title examination shall meet the following basic conditions:

(1) Adhere to principles and have good professional ethics;

(2) Earnestly implement the Accounting Law of the People's Republic of China and the unified accounting system of the country, as well as relevant financial laws, regulations and rules, and there is no serious violation of financial discipline;

(3) perform job responsibilities and love your job.

(2) Specific conditions

Personnel who sign up for the intermediate accounting title examination shall meet one of the following conditions in addition to the basic conditions:

(1) Obtained a college degree and worked as an accountant for 5 years;

(2) Obtain a bachelor's degree and have been engaged in accounting for 4 years;

(3) graduated from a double bachelor's degree or a postgraduate class and engaged in accounting work for 2 years;

(4) Obtain a master's degree and have been engaged in accounting for 1 year;

(5) obtain a doctorate.

Enter oneself for an examination reason

Although the intermediate accounting title examination has the limitation of working years, for the partners who meet the registration conditions, registering for the intermediate accounting title can add many opportunities for their future development, and having the intermediate accounting title certificate is very helpful for future promotion and salary increase. The average monthly salary of intermediate accountants is about 4,000-6,000 for intermediate accountants in state-owned enterprises and institutions, but it is determined by the boss in private enterprises. There is no clear range. After consulting a lot of data, I give a reference range of about 3k- 10k.

Certified public accountant certificate

application qualifications

China citizens who meet the following conditions may apply to take the national unified examination for certified public accountants-the professional stage examination:

(1) Having full capacity for civil conduct;

(2) Having graduated from a junior college or above, or having intermediate or above technical titles in accounting or related fields.

Enter oneself for an examination reason

The gold content of the CPA certificate is self-evident, and my position and salary will definitely be raised after obtaining the CPA certificate. At present, there is a big gap in the industry of certified public accountants, and there are many grass-roots personnel in the accounting industry, but they are scarce for top personnel. Therefore, although it is difficult to pass the CPA exam, it is directly proportional to its gold content.

Tax accountant certificate

application qualifications

Citizens of the People's Republic of China who abide by national laws and regulations, abide by professional ethics, have full capacity for civil conduct, and meet one of the following corresponding conditions can sign up for the professional qualification examination for tax agents:

(a) to obtain a college degree in economics, law, management disciplines, engaged in economic and legal related work for 2 years; Or obtain a college degree in other disciplines and have been engaged in economic and legal related work for 3 years.

(two) to obtain a bachelor's degree or above in economics, law and management disciplines (degrees); Or obtain a bachelor's degree in other disciplines and engage in economic and legal related work for 1 year.

Article 7 of the original Interim Provisions on the Qualification System of Certified Tax Agents (No.Ren Fa [1996]16) stipulates that those who meet one of the following conditions may apply to take the qualification examination for certified tax agents (1) After graduating from an economics or law college, or from a non-economics or law university, they may engage in economics or law.

(3) Having been engaged in economic and legal work for four years after graduating from a university of economics or law, or from a second bachelor's or postgraduate class of non-economics or law.

(four) after graduating from the second degree or postgraduate class in economics and law, or after obtaining a master's degree in non-economics and law, he has been engaged in economic and legal work for two years.

(five) after obtaining a master's degree in economics and law, he has been engaged in economic and legal work for one year.

(six) to obtain a doctorate in economics and law.

Enter oneself for an examination reason

According to the statistics of relevant departments, the personnel gap of tax-related service-related majors is as high as 900 thousand. And now it is in the midst of a comprehensive reform of the camp, and the supply of tax agents is in short supply. After obtaining the tax accountant, you can achieve better development in the tax-related service industry. After obtaining the tax accountant, you can realize the promotion of your own value, which is of great help to your future promotion and salary increase. And now, the registration conditions for the tax agent exam are relaxed, and fresh graduates can join the registration army for the tax agent exam.

Fund qualification certificate

application qualifications

1. has full capacity for civil conduct;

2. At least 18 years old;

3. Have a high school education or above;

4. Other conditions stipulated by China Securities Regulatory Commission. Enter oneself for an examination reason

Nowadays, the financial industry is an industry with great development potential, with low entry threshold and high salary level. Obtaining the qualification certificate of fund practice is very helpful for future career development and helps us to provide more employment opportunities. And it is also very helpful for your own investment and financial management in the future. In short, the fund industry is a "rich" industry.

Expedited customs clearance program ACCA Global Private Broadcasting Course Student Employer Through Train Program Weekend Face-to-Face Course Winter and Summer Vacation Course Other Courses

C. What are the certificates for accounting?

Junior \ Intermediate \ Advanced Certificate with Professional Title

There are also qualified practitioners: certified public accountants \ certified tax agents \ certified asset appraisers.

In addition, there is an ACCA accountant certificate which is popular in the world. I heard that it is a bit expensive to take this exam, and it requires English.

That's all I know. I told you everything.

If the answers are almost the same as mine, please give them to me. I have no points to ask.

D. What are the contents of domestic accounting certificates?

As an accountant, the certificate of reading guide is necessary, and it has been improving. It can be said that the accounting certificate is the key to promotion and salary increase. What are the domestic accounting certificates? What are the contents of the exam? Let's take a look.

1, National Accounting Professional and Technical Qualification Examination (Professional Title Examination). The examination is divided into primary qualification examination (obtaining assistant accountant certificate) and intermediate qualification examination (obtaining intermediate accountant certificate). A person who has obtained an accounting qualification certificate and has been engaged in the accounting profession for 2 years may apply for the primary qualification examination. The primary qualification examination subjects include: the foundation of economic law and primary accounting practice. Candidates must pass two subjects at one time before they can obtain the assistant accountant certificate.

Intermediate qualification examination subjects include: financial management, economic law and intermediate accounting practice. Candidates must pass all the examinations in two consecutive examination years before they can obtain the certificate. When applying for intermediate accounting qualification, you should choose to apply for one or more subjects according to your own reality, and in the second year, you will apply for the examination subjects that you have not applied for in the first year or have applied for but failed, so the risk will be relatively small.

In addition, at present, the accountant who has obtained the intermediate title in our country adopts the evaluation system to certify his senior accountant title.

2. Certified Public Accountant Examination (CPA). All China citizens who have graduated from a junior college or above and have obtained intermediate or above professional titles in accounting or related majors (referring to auditing, statistics and economics) are eligible to apply. With the continuous expansion of CPA's business scope in recent years, the requirements of CPA's practice and professional judgment ability, and the increasing demand for talents with international development, the Ministry of Finance decided to reform the CPA system and implement a new examination system from 2009. The original examination system was implemented in 2009. The focus of this reform is mainly in the following three aspects: first, the CPA examination will be adjusted from one stage to two stages, the first stage is the professional stage, and the second stage is the comprehensive stage. The second is to adjust and supplement the examination content, and enrich the company's strategy, risk management and internal control. Third, pay attention to testing candidates' comprehensive application skills, especially the second-stage examination, integrate the relevant requirements of the current examination system, split and supplement the requirements of competence, and integrate them, focusing on examining candidates' ability to solve practical problems in the practice environment.

It is understood that since 199 1 year, China has successfully held 17 times, and nearly140,000 people have obtained the certificate of general practice, and the number of applicants is increasing year by year.

The above is the relevant content of the professional qualification certificate of accounting that I have compiled and published for you today, hoping to help you. In a word, for the accountant's career planning, don't take shortcuts, there will be no pie in the sky, and serious study is the only shortcut.

E. What are the accounting certificates?

Certificate of domestic accounting:

1. Junior accounting title:

Number of applicants for junior level:

Since the "Accounting Qualification Examination", the vast majority of students in school began to prepare for the examination of primary accounting titles, because there are a large number of primary accounting titles. In 20 18, the number of applicants for the primary accounting title examination increased sharply, and the number of applicants increased to 4.036 million.

Primary accounting examination subjects:

Primary Accounting Practice and Economic Law

The difficulty of the primary examination:

Entry-level difficulty The pass rate is high!

2. Intermediate accounting titles

Number of applicants for intermediate level:

Because the intermediate exam has a certain registration threshold, you need to have certain work experience before you can apply for it, but the number of applicants for the intermediate exam is still very considerable! The number of applicants for intermediate accounting titles in 20 17 years is1137,600.

Intermediate accounting examination subjects:

Intermediate Accounting Practice, Financial Management and Economic Law

Difficulty of intermediate examination:

There is a certain degree of difficulty, and it tends to examine the knowledge points of the textbook!

3. Senior accounting title

Number of applicants for advanced level:

The entry threshold for senior accounting titles can be said to be getting higher and higher, because the gold content of the high-level meeting itself is very high, so the number of applicants is relatively small! The number of applicants for the 20 17 high-level meeting is 55,400!

Advanced examination subjects:

Advanced accounting practice

The difficulty of senior accounting titles:

Difficult, mostly practical case analysis!

4. Certified public accountant

Number of applicants:

Only a few provinces registered in 20 18, but according to the previous statistics, the number of people will continue to grow in 20 18, which is likely to exceed1500,000!

There is some difficulty in the note meeting, and the difficulty is mainly concentrated in the professional stage. The subjects in the professional stage have their own characteristics, so it is very likely that they can't grasp the characteristics when studying, which leads to failure. It's best to attend a training class when studying notes!

Gold content of the note:

There is a big gap in the industry, and it has the only right to sign the audit report. If you want to do the audit, you must have the certificate!

5. Tax agent:

Number of applicants:

The development prospect of tax agents in the future is very good, and tax is very important. In 20 17, the number of tax agents registered was 226,000!

Examination subjects:

Tax Law (1), Tax Law (2), Tax Service Practice, Tax Service Related Laws and Finance and Accounting.

Difficulty level:

The difficulty of tax accountant is second only to that of certified public accountant, but after you pass the certified public accountant, I believe that tax accountant is also a piece of cake, and the development of tax accountant in the next decade will not be less than the gold content of certified public accountant now, so those who have plans for their future may wish to try it!

Foreign certificates:

1.USCPA (American Certified Public Accountant)

American certified public accountants have the right to sign before, and they are one of the golden certificates in the field of accounting in the world! Due to high international recognition, about120,000 people apply for the exam every year in the world, and about 6,000 Asians take the exam in Guam. At present, more than 400,000 people in the United States have obtained the CPA qualification in the United States to serve as certified public accountants or in the industry. No more than 40% of the people who work in accounting firms are engaged in auditing business, and 60% of the members are widely active in the financial fields of enterprises and institutions.

2.CMA (Management Accountant)

CMA is an internationally accepted professional qualification certification for financial managers, a qualification certification in the field of management accounting, and one of the financial professional qualifications with relatively high annual salary in the United States and even the world. According to statistics, the talent gap of management accounting in China is 3 million, and financial accounting practitioners are facing a great challenge to transform into management accounting.

3.ACCA (British Certified Public Accountant)

ACCA members are legally permitted to engage in auditing, investment consulting and bankruptcy execution in the UK (there are only four in the UK). ACCA has experienced rapid development for more than 20 years since it entered China in 1988. At present, it has more than 23,000 members in China (only 6,000 in mainland China, mostly in Hong Kong) and 48,000 students, and is located in Beijing, Shanghai, Chengdu and Guangzhou.

4.CFA (Chartered Financial Analyst)

The content of the exam is divided into three levels, and each candidate must complete three different levels of exams in turn. CFA qualification exam is in English, and candidates should not only have financial knowledge, but also have good English reading ability. Successfully passing CFA course is an achievement, which can win the high respect of employers, investors and the whole investment community.

F. What are the certificates that accounting majors can take?

At present, accounting majors can take three kinds of domestic certificates: accounting qualification examination, accounting qualification examination and CPA)； examination; Certificate of Accounting Professional, commonly known as accounting certificate and accounting post certificate, is the qualification certificate for people with certain accounting professional knowledge and skills to engage in accounting work, the basic minimum requirement and necessary condition for engaging in accounting work, the only legal certificate to prove that they can engage in accounting work, the "access card" to enter accounting posts and the only way to engage in accounting work. The domestic accounting certificate examination is divided into three levels. The first is the accounting qualification certificate examination; The second is the accounting title certificate examination; The third and most difficult is the Certified Public Accountant Qualification Examination (CPA).

First, the accounting qualification examination.

That is to say, the so-called "Accounting Certificate", according to the provisions of the state, all people who want to engage in the accounting industry in China must hold this certificate. Examination subjects include: financial regulations and professional ethics, basic accounting knowledge, accounting practice, primary accounting computerization. Applicants should comply with the "Accounting Law" and other relevant laws and regulations, and take the form of self-registration to take the exam. The examination fee for each subject is 20 yuan (45 yuan for primary computerization), and the registration information card and manual fee is 5 yuan. According to the regulations of the Ministry of Finance, those who pass the four exams within two years can receive the Accounting Qualification Certificate three months after the exam ends, and the qualified scores in a single subject can be kept for one year. It must be reminded that the examiners must register at the registration place designated by the Ministry of Finance.

Two, the national accounting professional and technical qualification examination (title examination).

The examination is divided into primary qualification examination (obtaining assistant accountant certificate) and intermediate qualification examination (obtaining intermediate accountant certificate). Obtain accounting qualification certificate, graduated from high school or above. You can apply for the primary qualification examination. The primary qualification examination subjects include: the foundation of economic law and primary accounting practice. Candidates must pass two subjects at one time before they can obtain the assistant accountant certificate.

Intermediate qualification examination subjects include: financial management, economic law and intermediate accounting practice. Candidates must pass all the examinations in two consecutive examination years before they can obtain the certificate. When applying for intermediate accounting qualification, you should choose to apply for one or more subjects according to your own reality, and in the second year, you will apply for the examination subjects that you have not applied for in the first year or have applied for but failed, so the risk will be relatively small.

In addition, at present, the accountant who has obtained the intermediate title in our country adopts the evaluation system to certify his senior accountant title.

Third, the CPA exam.

All China citizens who have graduated from a junior college or above and have obtained intermediate or above professional titles in accounting or related majors (referring to auditing, statistics and economics) are eligible to apply. With the continuous expansion of CPA's business scope in recent years, the requirements of CPA's practice and professional judgment ability, and the increasing demand for talents with international development, the Ministry of Finance decided to reform the CPA system and implement a new examination system from 2009. The original examination system was implemented in 2009. The focus of this reform is mainly in the following three aspects: first, the CPA examination will be adjusted from one stage to two stages, the first stage is the professional stage, and the second stage is the comprehensive stage. The second is to adjust and supplement the examination content, and enrich the company's strategy, risk management and internal control. Third, pay attention to testing candidates' comprehensive application skills, especially the second-stage examination, integrate the relevant requirements of the current examination system, split and supplement the requirements of competence, and integrate them, focusing on examining candidates' ability to solve practical problems in the practice environment.

G. What are the certificates for accounting examination?

H. What qualifications do accountants have?

The existing accounting titles in our country are: junior, intermediate and senior. The junior accounting title is also called assistant accountant, the intermediate accounting title is also called accountant, and the senior accounting title is also called senior accountant. Among them, senior accountants are divided into deputy senior accountants and full senior accountants. Deputy senior accountants are equivalent to associate researchers or associate professors, and full senior accountants are equivalent to researchers or professors. The details are as follows:

1, junior: assistant accountant

Only holders of accounting qualification certificates are not junior titles, but only qualified to engage in accounting work. Not having a junior title. The junior accountant title (assistant accountant) needs to pass the two courses of "Basic Economic Law" and "Primary Accounting Practice" at the same time within one year before being awarded the junior professional and technical title certificate.

2. Intermediate level

Intermediate: accountant

Courses include Intermediate Accounting Practice, Economic Law and Financial Management.

3. Advanced

Senior: Deputy Senior Accountant

Advanced accounting practice

Those who have obtained the above-mentioned corresponding titles must take the corresponding national unified examination for accounting professional and technical qualifications, including:

(1) Get the primary qualification. Units can employ corresponding professional and technical positions according to the relevant regulations and the following conditions. Assistant accountant: College students can take the professional examination after taking it.

(2) Having obtained the intermediate qualification and meeting the relevant provisions of the state, an accountant may be employed.

(3) Having obtained senior qualifications and meeting the relevant provisions of the state, a senior accountant may be employed.

For junior and middle-level qualifications, the state implements the examination awarding system, while for advanced qualifications, the state implements the awarding system combining evaluation.

After the implementation of the above-mentioned awarding system, the title will no longer be directly awarded by the state, but will be appointed by the employing unit itself according to the regulations, and the state will only be responsible for awarding the corresponding qualifications.

4. Certified Public Accountant

It refers to the person who has passed the CPA qualification examination and obtained the CPA certificate to practice in an accounting firm. The English full name is Certified Public Accountant, which is abbreviated as CPA. The subjects of CPA examination are Accounting, Auditing, Financial Cost Management, Economic Law, Tax Law and Strategy and Risk Management.

(8) What are the contents of the certificate of accounting major? Basic conditions for extended reading.

Comment on the conditions of assistant accountant;

(1)

1, adhere to the principle of basic conditions, and have good professional ethics;

2. Earnestly implement the Accounting Law of the People's Republic of China and the unified national accounting system, as well as relevant financial laws, regulations and rules, and have no serious violation of financial discipline;

3. Perform job responsibilities and love your job;

4. Have accounting qualification and hold accounting qualification certificate.

(2) Education and qualifications: graduated from high school (note, there is no time limit for holding certificates).

Accounting intermediate title, also known as accountant title. You need an exam to get it, and the registration conditions for the exam are:

(1) graduated from junior college and worked in accounting for five years;

(2) Bachelor degree, engaged in accounting work for four years;

(3) graduated from a double bachelor's degree or a postgraduate class and engaged in accounting work for two years;

(4) Master's degree, engaged in accounting work for one year;

(5) doctorate. Those who have obtained the intermediate and primary qualifications of economics, statistics and auditing through the national unified examination can sign up for the corresponding level of accounting professional and technical qualification examination.

I. What are the certificates that accounting majors can take?

Accounting copy qualification certificate: the most basic attack and employment certificate is a necessary condition for accounting work. This exam is registered in the local finance bureau;

Accounting title: including junior high school and senior three exams. Generally, if you get an accounting certificate and have a high school education, you can take the accounting primary exam, which is relatively easy to test. I have a college degree and have worked for five years. After four years of this year's education, I can take the accounting intermediate exam. This is somewhat difficult, but as long as the method is correct, it is generally very promising. Generally, the accounting title examination is registered in the local personnel examination center or the title section of the personnel bureau every year10-1month, and the examination will be held in May of the following year. Junior professional title, that is, assistant accountant; Intermediate title, that is, accountant.

Registered examinations: Certified Tax Accountant (CTA), Certified Asset Appraiser (CPV), Certified Public Accountant (CPA), Certified International Auditor, Assistant Auditor and Auditor, Certified International Accountant (ACCA), etc. The newspaper announcer requires a college degree, and the conditions for reporting tax are basically the same as those of the intermediate accounting level, that is, five years in college and four courses this year. These two certificates are relatively difficult, but they also contain high gold content, so they are worth trying. The registration time of the note meeting is April-May every year, and the examination time is September; The registration time for tax payment is1February every year, and the examination time is June of the following year. Explain: CPA is the most difficult, it is a five-star exam, CPA and CPV are three-star exams, intermediate accountant is a three-star exam, intermediate auditor is a one-star exam, and accounting qualification is a no-star exam.