The professional and technical qualification certificate shows what academic level he has or what kind of job he is engaged in.
The professional title originally originated from the job title. Theoretically, the professional title refers to the professional technical level, ability and grade title of achievement of professional and technical personnel, reflecting their academic and technical level and working ability. Academically, it has the nature of academic title; As far as professional and technical level is concerned, it has the nature of post. What kind of professional titles a professional technician has indicates what kind of academic level he has or what kind of job he is engaged in, which symbolizes a certain identity.
Initial introduction of certificate
First, the professional and technical qualifications of full-time college graduates recognized by the national education administrative department can be obtained through the initial way.
Second, the initial conditions: the graduation major should be the same as or similar to the major. Graduated from technical secondary school or junior college, who has worked for one year, can be qualified at the initial level; Graduated from a junior college (not at the initial staffing level) and worked for three years (two years for primary school teachers), you can initially qualify for the assistant level; Bachelor degree, working for one year, can initially set the assistant level qualification; Master's degree, working for three years, can initially set the intermediate qualification; After graduating from a doctor's degree, you can initially determine the intermediate qualification by taking part in the work. The above-mentioned graduates are required to pass the examination of their morality, ability, diligence and performance by the personnel department of their unit before they can declare their titles.
Three, has been initially qualified, to declare the assistant level qualification must participate in the city's unified organization of the primary professional and technical qualification examination; Among them, the majors of economics, accounting, statistics and auditing should take the primary professional and technical qualification examination organized by the state. Those who have passed the unified examination of the city and obtained the qualification at the staff level and have the corresponding conditions can initially set the qualification at the assistant level.
Four, graduate students are initially required by the city professional and technical personnel title evaluation center reported to the municipal title office for approval. Municipal professional and technical personnel without competent units shall be reported to the municipal title evaluation center for handling.
Five, all the initial declaration of professional and technical qualifications are required to log in to the Nanjing professional and technical title qualification network for online declaration. Its written application materials are reported step by step. The qualification certificates initially determined by the competent departments such as districts, counties and industries (systems) are uniformly printed and distributed by the Municipal Professional Title Evaluation Center.
② Is the professional qualification certificate issued by the Department of Human Resources and Social Security a professional title certificate?
Vocational qualification certificate is not a professional title certificate.
The vocational qualification certificate is issued by the Ministry of Labor and Social Security, which is a certificate of a person who has passed a certain vocational qualification examination to prove that he has the qualification to engage in this profession, and it is a standard for production front-line personnel; Professional title is a certificate issued by the Ministry of Science and Technology, Ministry of Education and other departments to professional and technical personnel, which proves their technical level in the field of professional technology. It is a grade established for professional and technical personnel in scientific research institutes, universities and enterprises.
Professional qualification is a prerequisite to show that you are engaged in a certain profession. For example, to be a lawyer, you must first obtain a lawyer's qualification; To engage in teaching, you must first obtain the professional qualifications of teachers. The meaning of professional title, literally speaking, is only the name of the position. Before the reform of professional title, the word professional title covered both professional and technical qualifications and professional and technical positions.
The difference between professional qualification and professional title
① The issuing agencies are different: the national vocational qualification certificate was originally issued by the Ministry of Labor and Social Security, and the technical title was originally issued by the Ministry of Personnel. After the merger of the Ministry of Labor and Social Security and the Ministry of Personnel, it is now managed by the Vocational Capacity Building Department of the Ministry of Human Resources and Social Security and the Professional and Technical Personnel Management Department of the Ministry of Human Resources and Social Security.
② The difference between them is that one is professional qualification and the other is professional qualification.
Professional qualification is a prerequisite to show that you are engaged in a certain profession. For example, to be a lawyer, you must first obtain a lawyer's qualification; To engage in teaching, you must first obtain the professional qualifications of teachers.
The meaning of professional title, literally speaking, is only the name of the position. China's professional title system is a professional and technical post evaluation and employment system established in accordance with the personnel management model. Before the reform of professional title, the word professional title covered both professional and technical qualifications and professional and technical positions.
As many countries in the world do not have professional titles, it should be said that this is a unique traditional product of China. Therefore, after China's entry into WTO, the reform of professional titles will be further accelerated. According to international practice, it is a trend for professional qualification certificates to replace professional titles. The person in charge of the relevant departments of the Ministry of Personnel said that when deepening the reform of professional titles, China will further dilute the concept of professional titles and expand the scope of implementation of the vocational qualification system in order to be in line with international standards.
③ Different grades and grades:
China's national vocational qualification certificate adopts a hierarchical structure, which is divided into five grades according to the skills of employees. Namely: national vocational qualification level 5 (primary); National vocational qualification level 4 (intermediate); National vocational qualification level 3 (advanced); National vocational qualification level 2 (technician level); National vocational qualification level 1 (senior technician level). * * * It also stipulates the cross-reference relationship between the national vocational qualification and other professional qualifications prevailing in the society, so as to ensure the corresponding social and economic status of the national vocational qualification winners.
Professional and technical titles are a system recognized by organizations or evaluated by expert review committees. According to the qualifications of professional and technical personnel, they are divided into three professional and technical positions: senior, intermediate and junior. Professional and technical personnel engage in corresponding professional and technical work according to the professional and technical positions reviewed, and enjoy corresponding wages.
(4) the general scope of both:
Vocational qualification certificate is universal in the whole country, and it is also the only qualification certificate that can be used internationally;
The professional title certificate is only used in China (in a certain region) and is not recognized by each other across regions.
③ What are the professional qualification certificates?
The Association of Chartered Certified Accountants (ACCA), founded in 1904, is the leading professional accountant group in the world at present, and it is also a professional accountant organization with a large number of overseas students and a fast-growing student scale.
Second, the certified public accountant (CPA) certificate
Examiner: Institute of Certified Public Accountants. Suitable for the crowd: senior talents who are going to engage in accounting profession in China. Examination contents: accounting, auditing, financial cost management, economic law and tax law.
Three, accounting professional and technical qualification certificate (assistant accountant, accountant, senior accountant)
Examiner: Ministry of Finance and Ministry of Personnel. Suitable for people: people who want to work in accounting positions in state-owned enterprises and institutions. You need to hold an accounting qualification certificate to apply for the exam. Examination content: two subjects: primary accounting practice and basic economic law; Intermediate examination of financial management, economic law, intermediate accounting practice three subjects.
Iv. CTA certificate
Examiner: Ministry of Personnel and State Administration of Taxation. Suitable crowd: those with college education or above and corresponding work experience, or those with intermediate professional and technical qualifications in economics, accounting, statistics and auditing, and engaged in tax agency business for 1 year. Examination content: tax law (1), tax law (2), tax agency practice, tax-related laws, finance and accounting.
V. CPV certificate
Examiner: Ministry of Personnel and Ministry of Finance. Suitable for people: those who are engaged in or intend to engage in asset appraisal must have a certain degree and corresponding work experience. Examination contents: assets evaluation, economic law, financial accounting, mechanical and electrical equipment evaluation basis, construction engineering, evaluation basis.
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④ Accounting judgment: Those who pass the accounting professional and technical qualification examination will be printed by the provincial personnel department and issued with the accounting professional and technical qualification certificate.
There is nothing wrong with "the certificate is issued by the provincial personnel department", but the certificate is issued by the Ministry of Personnel and the Ministry of Finance.
Unified printing ",the title says" printed by the provincial personnel department "is wrong.
Those who pass the accounting professional and technical qualification examination will be awarded by the provincial personnel department.
Accounting professional and technical qualification certificate uniformly printed by the Ministry of Finance and the Ministry of Finance, which is valid nationwide. "
⑤ Professional and technical qualification certificate issued by Beijing Human Resources and Social Security Bureau and professional title certificate issued by Beijing Grade * Professional and Technical Qualification Appraisal Committee.
Human resources is approved by * * *, which is common all over the country. What is local in Beijing is even applicable to Beijing.
⑥ Professional and technical post qualification certificate issued by the Ministry of Housing and Urban-Rural Development of the People's Republic of China.
In order to strengthen the management of the vocational skills post certificate in the housing and urban-rural construction industry and standardize the market behavior, after studying and reporting to the competent business department of the Ministry of Housing and Urban-Rural Development, it is decided to rename the Vocational Skills Post Certificate of the People's Republic of China and the Ministry of Construction (hereinafter referred to as the old version of the post certificate) as the Vocational Skills Post Certificate of the employees in the housing and urban-rural construction industry (hereinafter referred to as the new version of the post certificate), and relevant matters are hereby notified as follows:
First, the basis for renaming the old version of the post certificate.
(1) China has implemented the national vocational qualification certificate system since 1994. The former Ministry of Construction did not set up a special professional skill appraisal institution. In 2002, in order to implement the national vocational qualification certificate system, the former Ministry of Construction and the Ministry of Labor jointly issued the Notice on Issues Concerning the Implementation of the Vocational Qualification Certificate System in the Construction Industry (J.J.J. [2002] No.73), which adopted a gradual transition method for the old version of the post certificate, and the certificate remained valid during the transition period.
(2) In 2004, in order to implement the Administrative Licensing Law, the former Ministry of Construction issued the Notice on Changing the Management Mode of Building Vocational Skills Post Certificates (J.J.J. [2004]/kloc) according to the decision of the State Council on canceling and adjusting the administrative examination and approval items in the third phase. It is decided to transfer the job of building vocational skills post certificate from the Ministry of Construction to China Construction Labor Association and be responsible for the supervision and management of the certificate, and the Ministry of Construction is responsible for supervision, inspection and guidance.
(3) According to the summary of the issuance of relevant certificates to vocational and technical personnel in various provinces and cities in June 20 15, up to now, nearly 20 provinces and cities across the country have chosen this certificate. According to incomplete statistics, there are about15 million skilled personnel in China who have passed the examination and hold the certificate. Over the years, these provincial and municipal construction authorities have done a lot of work in grasping vocational skills training and assessment, and have accumulated many good practices and experiences, which have made positive contributions to the construction of skilled personnel and the improvement of workers' quality. However, from the perspective of the whole industry, due to the lack of unified standardization and management of the basic information of this work, including institutions, standards, outlines, examination questions, work processes, etc., it is not only difficult to form complete relevant data, but also causes related resources to be unavailable, which is not conducive to the cultivation of skilled personnel in the industry and the protection of the vital interests of employees.
In view of the above situation, and considering that the name and content of the Old Post Certificate have not adapted to the spirit and requirements of the current administrative licensing and the Ministry of Human Resources and Social Security on the reform of the national vocational qualification system, it is imperative to rename the Old Post Certificate as the New Post Certificate, and make appropriate adjustments to the relevant contents and styles of the certificate to meet the requirements of the promotion of professional skills and certification of employees in the industry.
Two, the new and old version of the job certificate convergence
(1) After the old version of the post certificate was renamed as the new version of the post certificate, the issued old version of the post certificate will remain valid in consideration of the current national actual certificate quantity, the strong mobility of the holders and the industry characteristics such as job transfer and promotion. When the holders are promoted or transferred, they will be trained and evaluated according to relevant regulations. After passing the examination, the new version of the post certificate will be issued, and the old version of the post certificate will be invalidated at the same time.
(two) from the date of the issuance of this notice, no unit or individual may print the new and old post certificates without authorization. For the old version of the post certificate that has not been used up and allowed to be printed by the China Construction Labor Association or the competent department of the Ministry of Economy and Trade, the use will be postponed until 20 15 years1February 3 1 day.
Three, "the new post certificate" producer and management
The producer and management of the new version of the post certificate shall be implemented in accordance with the Measures for the Administration of Vocational Skills Post Certificates for Employees in the Housing and Urban-Rural Construction Industry issued by the Institute.
⑦ Is the title certificate of intermediate accountant the same as the professional technical qualification certificate issued by the Ministry of Personnel and the Ministry of Finance?
I. Domestic certificates
Junior accounting title: you can apply for high school or above, and you must pass two subjects in the same year;
Intermediate accounting title: bachelor (junior college) degree or above, (bachelor's degree) working for 5 years, taking three exams, you need to pass three exams within three years to get it;
Certified Public Accountant (CPA): You need to have a bachelor's degree. The exam is divided into two stages. In the professional stage, you need to pass six exams within five years. After all of them pass, you need to refer to the comprehensive stage exam. Only after all of them pass can you obtain a CPA certificate.
Management accountant: the exam just opened in 20 17 years, a new certificate, similar to CMA in the United States.
Second, foreign certificates
ACCA (British chartered certified accountants Certification)
As an authoritative accounting organization in the world, ACCA is called "the golden rice bowl of the accounting profession". Its membership is widely recognized internationally. British legislation allows ACCA members to engage in auditing, investment consulting and bankruptcy execution, and they are eligible to practice directly in EU countries. At present, the exam is held four times a year, in March, June, September and1February.
The Association of Chartered Certified Accountants (ACCA), founded in 1904, is the leading professional accountant group in the world at present, and it is also the professional accountant organization with the largest number of overseas students and the fastest growing student scale in the world. British legislation allows ACCA members to engage in auditing, investment consulting and bankruptcy execution. ACCA membership is recognized by EU legislation and company laws in many countries. ACCA is a founding member of the International Accounting Standards Committee (IASC) and a major member of the International Federation of Accountants (IFAC).1In February 1999, the United Nations adopted the International Outline of Professional Education for Professional Accountants, which is based on the ACCA syllabus, and will serve as a benchmark for setting the examination courses for professional accountants around the world.
ACCA is called "International Certified Public Accountant" in China, which is actually the abbreviation of the Association of Chartered Certified Accountants. It is one of the four chartered certified public accountants associations in Britain and one of the most famous international accounting organizations today. ACCA qualification is considered as "the passport of international accounting field". Many countries have legislated to allow ACCA members to engage in auditing, investment consulting and bankruptcy enforcement. ACCA plays a very important role in accounting organizations such as FEE, CAPA and ICAC.
CGA (Canadian Institute of Certified Accountants), CGA is an internationally recognized accounting professional qualification. Its members can practice in Canada and sign audit reports independently.
CMA (American Management Accountant Certification Examination), a professional certification system established by the American Institute of Management Accounting (IMA), has been widely recognized in many countries and famous multinational companies.
USCPA (American Certified Public Accountant) is a professional accountant certified by the American Institute of Certified Public Accountants and the only official national qualification of certified public accountants in the United States. It has the right to audit and sign in the United States and enjoys a wide reputation all over the world.
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What is the effectiveness of the professional and technical qualification certificate issued by the National Professional and Technical Talents Network?
If it is a national professional and technical certification certificate, it is of course effective, and it is common throughout the country.
Pet-name ruby what is the primary professional and technical qualification certificate issued by what institution is effective?
It mainly depends on what kind of technical certificate you are. Generally, technical certificates are divided into junior, intermediate, advanced and technician levels.
Attending professional and technical qualification certificate how can you tell whether it is local or national?
Issued by the state, there must be a red national emblem and a background print like RMB on the home page for anti-counterfeiting. There are two kinds of certificates issued by the local authorities, namely, provincial certification and municipal certification. The license collection and replacement are all in the personnel title department of the town or district.
Another way to distinguish is:
1) Generally, the certificate issued by the state refers to the professional and technical qualification certificate issued by the State Labor Bureau and the State Bureau of Human Resources, which is common throughout the country;
2) Generally, the professional and technical qualification certificates issued by local personnel bureaus and local trade associations are for local use only.