Later, due to the failure of the imperial examination, Li Yu, who shouldered the heavy responsibility of making his family prosperous, gave up this pursuit and resolutely changed the way of "living in seclusion".
In A.D. 1666 (the fifth year of Kangxi) and A.D. 1667 (the sixth year of Kangxi), Qiao and Wang were awarded the titles respectively. After careful consideration, Li Yu set up a family troupe with Jill as the pillar, which toured all over the country all the year round, entertaining dignitaries and earning a lot of money, which was also the most proud stage of Li Yu's life.
1672 and 1673, with the successive deaths of Joe and Wang, the family troupe that supported Li Yu's rich life also fell apart, and Li Yu's life turned into a predicament, often relying on loans to make a living. 1680, seventy-year-old Li Yu died of poverty and illness.
Speaking of Li Yu, it was almost a conversation between several men at first, which was a bit private. About how to choose a woman, about the version of Jin Ping Mei and so on, I thought it was all a secret.
But later, I found that more and more people like Li Yu, and not only men like it, but even women appreciate it.
Can I say that I like Li Yu, almost out of man's instinct?
Because Li Yu is a person who loves life and lives very artistically.
Moreover, he can artistically write his life experiences into books, which is where he is superior to many romantic talents.
Lin Yutang said: "Another important part of Li Daiweng's works is devoted to the study of the joy of life. This is a pocket guide to China people's living art, ranging from living room and courtyard, interior decoration and dividing wall to women's grooming, beauty, cooking art and food series.
The rich and the poor seek ways to be happy, ways to alleviate troubles and boredom all year round, abstinence in sexual life, prevention and treatment of diseases ... "
Li Yu's opera works contain lyrics and songs of loose love. He discussed the traditional Chinese opera literature from six aspects: structure, diction, rhythm, translation and pattern, and discussed the traditional Chinese opera performance from five aspects: song selection, tone sandhi, song giving, self-study and setting off, which greatly enriched and developed China's ancient Chinese opera theory.
In addition to the theory of traditional Chinese opera, leisure occasions also include food, architecture, gardening and so on.
Li Yu said in a letter to Gong, the minister of the Ministry of Rites: "The wisdom in the temple is deep and omnipotent; Spring stone economy is graceful and abundant.
..... Empty talk, a little comfortable accumulation. "This book can reflect his literary accomplishment and life interest.
Li Xia Village is sparsely populated, and "two thirds of people live outside". Many of their families are engaged in medicinal materials in Rugao Ancient City, Jiangsu Province. Li Yuchun, Li Yu's uncle, has the title of "Crown Doctor" and the pharmacies in Rugao City are also booming.
Li Yu's father, Li Rusong, moved his family to Rugao shortly after Li Yu was born to help his brother manage his business.
Li Yu, smart since childhood, was obsessed with the Four Books and Five Classics in his infancy. He could write poems and thousands of words at the age of General Angel.
Every year, he engraves a poem on the buttonwood tree in his backyard, telling himself not to waste his time.
15 years old, the poem engraved on the buttonwood is: "When I was a child, I planted a buttonwood, and the buttonwood was as thin as Ai.
Carve a poem on the tip of a needle, and the words are fine but not rotten.
After three or five years, Tung Yuan's characters have grown.
Tongzi has always been like this, and people are ridiculous.
A good exclamation, a carved poem.
New words are urged every day, and old words are not treated.
Take good care of this old and new mark, but ignore it for leisure. "
In order to let her son study quietly, Li Yu's mother learned from Meng Mu's "three-migration adopted son" and put Li Yu in an "old stork building" in Baoli Town to study.
However, just as Li Yu was studying hard in the mountains and rivers, his father died of illness, and his family suddenly lost its support, leaving the whole family in trouble.
Being forced to make a living and going back to his hometown in Zhejiang to take the imperial examination, Li Yu decided to help his family return to his hometown of Li Xia Village, Lanxi. This year, Li Yu was nineteen years old.
In the same year, I married Xu's daughter, a health pool in Xu Cun (now Shuiting Township), about ten miles away from the village, and have lived together ever since.
Li Yu has been on many business trips, and she is in charge of housework, so she has no worries.
Li Yu affectionately called her "mountain wife" in her works.
The death of his father strengthened Li Yu's determination to pursue fame. In the eighth year of Chongzhen (1635), Li Yu went to Jinhua to test the boy and became a famous boy of the Five Classics.
The success of the first battle made Li Yu taste the sweetness of reading and becoming famous. He is more confident and studies harder.
In the 12th year of Chongzhen (1639), 29-year-old Li Yu was a shoo-in, and went to Hangzhou, the provincial capital, to take the provincial examination. He never expected that he would fall into Sun Shan.
The defeat in the examination room was a heavy blow, and he was full of complaints. He wrote in a letter to his friends who dropped out of the list: "Only talents still exist, and Ci field is still my former glory.
Take the piano to the wild to know yourself, and let Jun Temminick walk in front of the street.
It is better to drink on credit if you have less wine. When you are angry, read Li Sao slowly.
Liu Zan's name is eternal, as high as entering a university. "On the first day of January of the following year, I wrote" I remember playing the flute on the Phoenix Terrace "and sighed:" Last night, today, it was only for a while, and the young and the old will be divided.
How many years? Almost thirty.
Yesterday, I didn't leave Double Ten, so I was nine years old and still young.
Sighing today, although it is hard to say old, it is hard to say less.
The boudoir is also one year old, but before God, wish me good luck in the morning.
Waiting for the flower is impatient and forgets the birthday.
Listening to me sigh with a cup, I bent my finger and felt my brow furrowed.
Seal Hou, and don't mention it, * * * is drunk. "
In the fifteenth year of Chongzhen (1642), the last provincial examination was held in the Ming Dynasty, and Li Yu went to Hangzhou to take the exam. Due to the turbulent situation, Li Yu heard the voice of the police on her way back to Lanxi.
Soon, the social situation has undergone fundamental changes. The fighters of the Qing Dynasty swept across the south of the Yangtze River, and the Ming Dynasty became a precarious situation.
The national disaster is at hand, and the road to fame has gone in vain. At this time, Li Yu was disheartened and disappointed.
In this year's Tomb-Sweeping Day, when he visited the tomb of Xian Ci, he had mixed feelings and felt guilty. He sang a long song and cried, "It's a pity that you have a teacher in three strokes and have no children and talents in your life."
People's tears and peach blossoms are all blood, and paper money is * * * turned to dust. "
Soon, he was invited by Sima Xu of the new five continents to be a guest of the shogunate.
Later, I met Zhu Meixi, the new magistrate, and they were like-minded and close.
On one occasion, Zhu Meixi invited Li Yu to visit Bayong Building in the southeast corner of the city and asked him to make up for the lack of poetry in the building.
Barong Building, formerly known as Yuanchang Building, was named after Poems of Yuanchang Building by Shen Yue of Qi Liang. Renamed after the Tang Dynasty, it is a bustling place for literati to chant.
In the Southern Song Dynasty, Li Qingzhao once boarded this building and wrote "Eight Chants Upstairs".
Because of the masterpieces of predecessors, future generations dare not recite poems as couplets easily.
Li Yu immediately made a pair of couplets, "It's difficult to make sentences after going, and Wu women don't pick stars", which is amazing.
Zhu Meixi had a plaque made and hung on the post.
Three years later, the Qing soldiers invaded Jinhua, and the buildings and joints were destroyed. Li Yu was forced to leave Jinhua and return to Lanxi.
In August of the third year of Qing Shunzhi (1646), the Qing army captured Jinhua. "Wucheng captured the southwest corner, and people rained in three days."
Li Yu, defeated by fame and war, returned to his hometown and lived in Li Xia.
The Qing court ordered a haircut, and wherever he went, he kept his head, his hair and his head. Although Li Yu was strongly dissatisfied with such atrocities that hurt national pride, he shaved it to save his life and called himself a "crazy slave." He wrote: "Let's try our best to repair the tomb and go to the fields.
After leaving the soldiers in the house, I lived next to the battlefield.
When a few beacon lights go out, everyone is flesh and blood. Comfort yourself by chatting with others and live a peaceful year. "
Li Yu, a well-educated farmer, built his own paradise-Yi Shan Bie Ye (that is, Yiyuan Garden) next to the tomb of the ancestral ruins at Yishantou and a new thatched cottage.
Yiyuan Garden is Li Yu's first masterpiece to show his gardening skills. Through his ingenious design and layout, there are corridors, pavilions, bridges and other scenery in the park, and its reputation can be comparable to that of Hangzhou West Lake. "There are only a few platforms for singing and dancing, and the scenery is not much different." He also wrote poems such as "Ten Unique Arts Gardens" and "Twelve Suitable Arts Gardens".
He decided to learn from Wang Wei, a poet in the Tang Dynasty, and live in seclusion for life in Yishan, where he would die of old age and not contact with each other.
Prior to this, he also wrote "Hometown Fu", which wrote: "Chicken and dog welcome guests, mountains and rivers know each other.
Since the farmer dropped his hoe, he has been happy. The fisherman cast his pole and bowed.
Sao Zhi, Suojia sentence in the bag; An old man, visiting news in a foreign country.
The house has no owner but always keeps the door, and the grass is waist-high and knee-deep.
Yan moved to the old base nest, and magpies liked new guests.
Insect nets are as thick as cocoons, and insect tracks are as dense as weaving.
Books are broken and fat, and flowers are sparse and dense.
My wife's face turned red and her hair turned white.
Fortunately, I still regret the Long March. ""Men are born to be human, and arrows are not empty.
The world does not love others, but belongs to the country of parents.
Take the orchid to admire it and watch it.
It's not like eating a tripod and being a stalk. "There are difficulties between the lines, showing the meaning of seclusion.
Li Yu was very concerned about the public welfare undertakings in the village. He took the lead and proposed to build a pavilion next to the village entrance avenue, named it "Stop Pavilion", and the title said: "The name is beneficial to the road, and the people coming and going stop quietly."
This pavilion is praised by later generations and listed as one of the "Top Ten Passers-by Pavilions in China".
He also advocated the construction of water conservancy, actively took the lead in building four weir dams such as Shipingba and digging six ditches such as Yikeng, which made the drought-prone loess hilly area form "gravity irrigation" and improved farmland water conservancy, and the villagers have benefited so far.
According to the "Longmen Li Family Tree", "After Yishan was leveled, during the Shunzhi period, Li Weng recovered.
At that time, Dai Li Weng lived at the foot of Yishan, and Li Zhifang was appointed as the punishment preview office of Jinhua House. He and Dai Li Weng got the car, got the license, dug a weir pit from Shiping to the field, stopped at the pavilion, and then wanted to turn around in front of the house at the foot of Wanyishan.
The public wants to impress Tian He and set sail on the spur of the moment. Shipingba is called "Carp Dam" by later generations.
In the eighth year of Shunzhi (165 1), Li Yu was promoted to be the prime minister of the ancestral hall, ordered to establish thirteen chapters of the ancestral hall of Li, and presided over the revision of the genealogy of Li in Longmen, which was deeply respected by the villagers.
This year, Li Yu fought a written lawsuit with Hutun Village in a water conservancy construction, but it was suspended because of "Hu's false name, which backfired".
This incident gave Li Yu the idea of developing his career in Hangzhou.
So he wrote "Selling Mountain Vouchers", sold his elaborate Yiyuan Garden, and moved his family to Hangzhou to find a new way to start a business.
Li Yu named his apartment in Hangzhou "Wulin House" and lived here temporarily.
"There is heaven above and Suzhou and Hangzhou below". Although Hangzhou is picturesque and better than heaven, it is a stranger here. Although it has the help of friends, it is still difficult and desperate, and the situation is very embarrassing.
However, Li Yu was not discouraged. He knew that Hang Cheng, a big city, must have his way to make a living.
For a time, he left his footprints and figures in the streets and bookstores of Hang Cheng. Through constant contact, constant observation and constant understanding, he found that in this bustling city, from gentry to ordinary citizens, they all have a strong interest in drama and novels, and they have their own expertise in this respect. On the one hand, "selling the operator to paste the mouth" can solve the livelihood of the family, on the other hand, it can make itself stand in Hangzhou.
With a certain idea, he resolutely chose a road of "selling words" that had never been taken by his predecessors and was regarded as "cheap sale" at that time, and began the creative career of the first professional writer who made a living by selling fu in China history.
With great creativity, he wrote six legends, such as Liuxiang Companion, Kite Mistakes, Love in My Heart, and Jade Scratching My Head, and two collections of vernacular short stories, Mime and Twelfth Floor, in a few years.
Although these popular literary works were despised by orthodox scholars at that time and regarded as the last stunt, they were sold out in the market as soon as they came out because they were easy to understand, close to citizens' lives, entertaining and suitable for the appreciation of the audience and readers.
In particular, his collection of short stories is well received by readers and has become a hot commodity.
Li Yu called his works "a refreshing book", seeking innovation wholeheartedly, not relying on others and not repeating himself.
He tries hard to find "things that no one has ever seen" and "describes unfinished feelings and incomplete descriptions". The story is fresh, the plot is strange, the layout is ingenious and the language is vivid.
His novels pay attention to persuading the good and punishing the evil, sympathize with the poor underclass, praise the autonomy of young men and women in love and marriage, condemn parents' orders and matchmakers' words, and criticize hypocrisy, which has certain anti-feudal and progressive significance.
Later generations, when evaluating his novel achievements, said that his two collections of short stories, Silent Drama and Twelfth Floor, were rare masterpieces after San Yan and Er Pai by Feng Menglong and Ling Mengchu, and were among the masterpieces of vernacular short stories in Qing Dynasty.
As for Li Yu's drama creation, according to himself and contemporary Guo, there are sixteen kinds of "eight kinds before and after" and "eight kinds inside and outside", but only ten kinds can be determined when writing.
Li Yu's legend writing is the biggest addiction in his life, calling himself "the old slave in the song" and "the slave in the song".
He discovered the disadvantages from the fact that the playwrights in Ming Dynasty were far away from the stage, and began to pay attention to the contact with the audience and the stage effect, and studied the practice of traditional Chinese opera.
Therefore, Li Yu has made great development and innovation in the artistic form and singing method of traditional Chinese opera.
His unique dramatic style made him famous in the ci world at that time. "In both North and South operas, there are people who know Li."
Li Yu's works are popular and easy to understand, and many of them have been translated into Japan and European countries.
From 165 1 to 1668, Li Yu created a large number of plays, such as Xiang Xiang, Kite Wrong, Flounder and Phoenix.
He has published ten plays, including The Mistakes of Kites, entitled Ten Songs by Li Weng. Once this book was published, it sold out at a sky-high price in Luoyang, and it was promoted as "the first in the Qing Dynasty to write lyrics and songs" by the drama circle at that time.
The appearance of "Ten Kinds of Songs" reversed the trend of Li Yu's previous traditional opera creation that emphasized "Qu" over "Drama" and emphasized words over white things.
In order to enhance the effect of stage performance, Li Yu attached great importance to Bai Bin's creation and application. He is the first playwright who attaches importance to Bai Bin in the history of China opera, and he is also the playwright with the highest creative achievements.
He advocated that "lyrics are designed for debut" and "legends are not as good as articles, and articles are read by scholars, so it is not strange that they are deep. The play is seen by scholars and non-scholars, but by women and children who don't study, so it is shallow and not expensive. "
The theme of "Ten Songs" is all the love stories of talented people and beautiful women, with a strong comedy color, which is the most prominent place in Li Yu's legend.
He said: "Legends are meant to eliminate worries, and it takes a lot of effort to sing a song;" Money buys things and crying will turn joy into sadness.
It's my worry to write lyrics without selling them. The world has become a Maitreya Buddha, and people can only vote if they are bald. Li Yu is the first and only writer who specializes in comedy creation in the history of China's drama, and he is praised as "the master of world comedy" by later generations.
After Li Yu lived in Hangzhou for several years, with the continuous publication of his works, Li Weng on the Lake became a famous newcomer in the literary world.
His works spread at an alarming rate. Some unscrupulous booksellers in Hangzhou, Suzhou, Nanjing and other places try their best to make huge profits through private engraving. In the absence of transportation at that time, Li Weng's new works could be seen three thousand miles away in a few days.
Some simply take a little-known author's work and publish it under the name of "Li Weng on the Lake" to deceive readers.
The profiteering behavior of unscrupulous booksellers not only infringes on their copyright, but also greatly affects their reputation and economic income.
In order to defend copyright, he bravely stood up and fought tirelessly.
He asked the government to uphold justice for him and sent a notice to Zagreb; While with son-in-law Shen running around, to negotiate.
He once said in "Send with Feeling": "As for those who rely on wealth and strength, I don't know how many people are in Liuhe.
How can I feel when I plow for dinner? Fight to the death and announce all parties, that is, set as the first voice.
In short, people are born in heaven and earth, and each has its own heart, that is, they should be born with wisdom. I have never stopped his cleverness. How can he take away my livelihood and make him unable to support himself! "
It can be said that Li Yu was the earliest publisher with copyright awareness in China, and also the earliest writer who defended his copyright.
However, due to the lack of legal protection of intellectual property rights in society at that time, piracy was still hard to prevent and occurred frequently, which made Li Yu busy with negotiations and sighed.
Among them, Jinling (now Nanjing) has the most pirates. In order to facilitate the negotiation, Li Yu simply left Hangzhou around 1662 and moved his family to Jinling.
In the seventeenth year of Qing Shunzhi (1660), Li Yu was fifty years old, and his relatives and friends wanted to hold his 50th birthday, but he refused.
Li Yu suddenly sighed when she thought that she was over half a year old, had no children and had nothing.
He wrote in "fifty years of welcoming guests": "I devoted myself to farming every day, bending the water's edge, and occasionally stopped farming because of guests.
Are you really worried about poverty? Poverty lies in Zhu Danian.
Ai refused to obey the official, and only at the age of 20 did he know that life was at a loss.
Yan He resigned in succession, but they were all sympathetic. "
A month after this incident, the side room Jishi gave birth to a son for him, which he had been looking forward to for a long time.
Having a son in his later years brought endless fun to his sparse life.
Li Yu named him Jiang Shu, gave a big banquet to celebrate, and wrote a seven-line poem "The Portrait of a Fifty-year-old Man": "If you are over forty, you will be depressed. People say that you are worried about the country and the people, and your face will wither.
If joy can return to the old days, ten years of frost will darken today's temples. At the age of 50, Geng Zi, the first person in the Seven Laws, said, "Fifty people are not alone, so we should look at our heads with a mirror.
Strong chest is cold because people are hot, and white hair urges me to wait for my son. "
Li Yu named his first son "Uncle Jiang", and his intention can be understood from his book "The Scholars" that "everything in the world is better than ginger, but it is not good enough". He said, "What will happen will never happen.
If so, it will make people sit up and take notice. "He added," As the name implies, I hope all philosophers will use their skills and let nature take its course, not just fame and fortune.
If you are rich, you will be full; If you don't do it, you will get risks from high.
Commandments are awesome. "
Li Yu had her first son at the age of 50, and the following year, Ji gave birth to another son, named after him. At the age of 52, Ji's second son was named Jiang Rong, and a month later, Wang's son was also named Jiang Hua. Later, I had to sacrifice Fen, Fen, Fen, Fen, Fen, Fen, Fen, Fen, Fen, Fen, Fen, Fen, Fen, Fen, Fen, Fen, Fen, Fen, Fen, Fen, Fen, Fen, Fen, Fen, Fen, Fen, Fen, Fen.
Around 1662, Li Yu bid farewell to the picturesque Xizi Lake and came to Nanjing, the ancient capital of the Six Dynasties, where scholars gathered and had a bird's eye view of the tiger's den, and began a new period of his cultural career.
Li Yuxian lived in Jinling Gate for a while, and later bought a house in Xiaohoutai (where Jin people lived). Because "the ground ends in a hill", it is named mustard seed garden, which means "mustard seed is small, but it can meet sumeru".
After his careful design and ingenious arrangement, the small gardens are not interesting, including Yun Qi Valley, Moon Pavilion, Tiger, floating Bai Xuan and so on, and all of them are engraved with couplets.
For example, the Library Association: "The rain is clear and the waterfall is clear, and the moon is bright; Listen to the piano and songs at night. " Moon Festival couplets: "When there is a moon, it will be staged, regardless of spring, summer, autumn and winter; All winds are sitting, regardless of east, west, north and south. "and so on.
At this time, Li Yu's family, plus his slaves, had at least dozens of people. In order to maintain the family's food and clothing needs, he has to deal with officials and often go out to "get rich" and seek protection and gifts.
"Competitive" is a popular social phenomenon in the Ming and Qing Dynasties, that is, some literati who have never been officials, relying on certain literary expertise, enter and leave the door of literati in order to get gifts; Scholar-officials also gained a good reputation through these people.
"I just want to change this into that money. There is nothing wrong with me." So Li Yu often deals with dignitaries, makes friends, writes poems and couplets for them, talks about literature and art, plays, designs gardens and pavilions, and publishes their letters and copies.
Outstanding talent, coupled with being good at making friends, can not only "blend in with government doctors, hold banquets in government houses on the fifth day of the solar eclipse", but also often receive generous gifts to provide support and help for their cultural activities.
At that time, some orthodox scholars looked down on Li Yu, saying that he was "literate without deeds".
Faced with secular prejudice and the incomprehension of the world, he has no reason to defend himself. He vowed that "people who are right and wrong will be judged through the ages, and no one can beat them" and "people who are honored and disgraced will know their merits and demerits before they die". He believes that history will make a fair judgment on himself.
Of course, Li Yu also has his own principle of "beating" and will never lose face.
Once, a classmate wrote that a senior official asked him to meet him. He wrote back: "Although my brother is poor and humble, I will never dare to do what I want to do."
..... and the public's desire to see the poor, how can it be a matter of honor? This is fate. Let it be. During his stay in Jinling, Li Yu made many literati friends, some admired Li Yu, some liked to dance and write with Li Yu, and some local officials made friends with Li Yu, but most of them just pretended to be elegant, mostly in the name of Li Yu.
Li Yu lived in Jinling for 20 years, made friends with literature and drama, and had extensive and frequent contacts with the whole society.
He wrote couplets for Jiangning's great-grandfather and the author of A Dream of Red Mansions, and became friends with Cao Xueqin's grandfather. I fell in love with Pu Songling, the author of Strange Tales from a Lonely Studio, at first sight, and exchanged poems (at that time, Pu Songling was 3 1 year old and Li 6 1 year old); In Baihua Lane and Jinling Mustard Garden in Suzhou, Li can often be seen watching plays and learning skills with his literary friends and theater friends.
In the early Qing Dynasty, Wu, Qian, Gong Dingzi and other "three outstanding men in the left river", Shi, Song, Zhou Lianggong, Yan Haoting, You Dong, Huai Yu and other "eight schools" and most of the "seven sons in Yantai" and "ten sons in Xiling" had contacts with him.
Li Yu has a good way of making friends, and he knows the old saying that "the friendship between gentlemen is as light as water, and the friendship between villains is as paint".
He wrote in the Proverbs of Making Friends: "When drinking, you must drink, and when making friends, you must be true.
Replace medical stone with wine, and be friends with real Song Jun. "I also wrote:" The rules of doing things are different, and friendship should not be close.
God is thousands of miles away, but face to face is nine miles away.
Scarcity is better than no glue paint. "At that time, there was a Pan Yicheng who, like him, was also itchy. After Wu Ming, he stopped taking exams.
This person has been traveling freely, reciting poems everywhere without signature, and has been friends with Li Yu for a long time.
On one occasion, Li Yu recognized his inscription at Donghu Restaurant in Nanchang. Only after an interview did I know that he was from Dong 'an, Hunan.
1668, Li Yu visited Guilin and visited Pan Yicheng around Dong 'an.
I can't find it anywhere. One day, I accidentally parked my car under a forest tree and saw a thatched cottage with couplets on the door. Li Yu smiled and said, "There is something out of the dust. This must be his residence. " It was him when we met at the door. The two were congenial and talked well until two days later.
Among the more than 800 people who have written records with him, they are all over 17 provinces and more than 200 counties, ranging from high-ranking prime ministers, senior officials and university students to well-educated craftsmen. It can be said that he was a scholar who made the most friends and made the widest friends in the ancient culture of China.
Many friends have enabled Li Yu to freely shuttle between the ruling and opposition literati, and have also increased his knowledge and learned a lot about the world, providing rich and vivid literary materials for his creation.
Like many ancient literati, Li Yu not only studied thousands of books, but also took the road of Wan Li in order to enrich his knowledge, cultivate his temperament and draw nutrition from nature.
During his stay in Jinling, on the one hand, in order to make a living, he had to run around and make friends with officials to get their gifts and subsidies; On the other hand, wherever he goes, he will visit scenic spots.
He called nature "the first gifted scholar in ancient and modern times".
He said: "Talent is the scenery in people's hearts; Landscape is the talent of heaven and earth. " He also said: "Without the pain of walking, you don't know the happiness of staying at home." In the case of backward traffic conditions in ancient times, he traveled long distances with his family and traveled all over Yan, Qin, Fujian, Chu, Henan, Guangzhou and Shaanxi provinces. , left his footprints everywhere.
Li Yu "sees human feelings in one place, and sees one side win."
And you haven't eaten anything, and you haven't tasted it. "In the long-term roaming, he made in-depth observation and research on nature and made a detailed investigation on local customs, which not only further cultivated his interest in all aspects of art, but also obtained a lot of first-hand creative materials. After his delicate artistic processing, he created a large number of poems, words, songs and fu, both realistic, lyrical, associative and argumentative, with refined language and beautiful rhythm.
He also transplanted these materials obtained by traveling around the world into novels, opera creation and gardening art, leaving a rich and precious cultural heritage for future generations.
In his later years, Li Yu was homesick.
At the age of 60, he went upstream, crossed the Fuchun River and returned to his hometown of Lanxi.
When Li Yu passed the Diaoyutai in Yan Ziling, Tonglu County, he wrote a poem "Duoli Guoziling Diaoyutai", which deeply analyzed his life.
The word yue:
Pass it to Yanling.
Fishing platforms are difficult to climb.
For ship owners, the plan is long distance, and ancestors are not allowed to stay.
Looking up at the mountains, describing shame; Looking down at the running water, my face is disgusting.
With a nylon pole and a hat, your name is more important than mine! Don't measure yourself, you don't know Mr. Jing until you are taller.
Far from it: you are generous, and I am fishing for a false reputation.
Criticism again.
Friends for life, high and low have been separated by thousands of layers.
You are all friends, but you have not climbed the crown; I'm tired of being friends. I don't forgive you.
Worried about the moon all day, who will play the guest star? Envy is enough to add to the emperor's belly, and a surname is surprised.
Knowing that one day later, I will be ashamed to go here again.
When Li Yu returned to his hometown in Lanxi, things were different and he was filled with emotion. He wrote "the feeling of returning home after 20 years": "If you don't return home for a long time, you will be deleted.
There are many old friends, and the younger generation is pale.
Rudeness returns from poverty to simplicity, and agriculture returns from drought to leisure.
I like listening to the sound of water, but it's still the old whisper. At that time, Zhao, the magistrate of Lanxi County, valued Li Yu's virtue and talent. After hearing the news, he sent a plaque that was "famous in the world" and hung it in the Lee Ancestral Hall in the village.
Li Yu, 67, moved back to Hangzhou in the 16th year of Kangxi (1677) in order to facilitate his son to take the exam in his hometown.
With the support of local officials, Li Yu bought Zhang's old house at the northern foot of Wushan and began to build a "floor garden".
Due to the fatigue of moving, Li Yu once fell down the stairs and hurt her bones and muscles. Since then, Li Yu has been poor and ill, and even the revised Story of Li Weng's Family is difficult to continue.
To this end, he wrote a letter to an old friend in Beijing, * * * "The Old Story of an Old Friend in Shangdumen", asking for assistance. The situation described and the feelings caused by it make people feel sad and pitied.
Maybe this letter * * * played a role. With the support of friends and officials, Li Yu completed the garden in the second year.
The garden is built on the hill, so you can enjoy the lakes and mountains between sitting and lying.
"cumbersome to catch people, the old industry loses the dust city; Hushan recruited me and the whole family moved into drawing. " Li Yu found pleasure in poverty and prepared to enjoy his old age.
But it didn't last long. Li Yu fell ill again because of the fatigue of running around for a long time.
In the 19th year of Kangxi (1680), on the 13th day of the first lunar month, in the early morning of heavy snow, the old man who struggled all his life and was determined to innovate passed away.
After Li Yu's death, he was buried in Jiuyao Mountain, Fangjiayu, Hangzhou. Qiantang County ordered Liang to write an inscription for him: "Li Weng's Tomb on the Lake".