20 18 the State Council issued the Notice on Strengthening the Protection of Coastal Wetlands and Strictly Controlling Reclamation, demanding that the problems left over from reclamation history be dealt with quickly. If reclamation has been completed, in principle, it should be intensively utilized and necessary ecological restoration should be carried out. Dispose of illegal reclamation projects according to law; Resolutely demolish the marine ecological environment that seriously damages it, but has no significant impact on the marine ecological environment, it is necessary to control the reclamation area to the maximum extent, and make rectification within a time limit according to relevant regulations. ?
The former environmental protection official of Hainan Province who was interviewed explained that, based on this, he thought that from the perspective of ecological environment, two core issues should be paid attention to in island demolition and renovation: first, whether the procedures when filling the island, especially the environmental protection procedures, are compliant and complete; Second, after the reclamation is completed, the impact on the surrounding ecological environment, especially the water quality, is great and controllable. ?
Wang Yamin, a professor at the College of Oceanography of Shandong University and deputy secretary-general of the Fisheries Branch of China Agricultural Eco-environmental Protection Association, participated in the EIA of Hainan reclamation project. Demolition of the island is equivalent to the second project. Originally, the previous project has caused one injury, and it is easy to cause secondary injuries. ? In the process of rectification, restore the original appearance? Goal setting is common, but he thinks this formulation is not scientific. ? The logic behind the island demolition is that it is a good practice to restore the original ecology, but its understanding of ecological protection is biased, because some changes in the ecological environment are often irreversible. ?
Land reclamation, as an activity that completely changes the nature of the sea area, will bring many disadvantages such as the degradation of marine ecosystem, the destruction of natural coastline and the aggravation of marine environmental pollution in some sea areas if the demonstration is not sufficient and the management is not strict. Compared with the strict examination and approval of reclamation, several interviewed experts believe that the demolition of the island also needs careful argumentation and cannot be decided hastily. ? First of all, whether it should be demolished or not should be scientifically demonstrated. If we decide to demolish and then demonstrate the feasible scheme of demolition, it will inevitably be suspected that the decision is unscientific. ? Wang Yamin stressed.
According to the data disclosed by the Central Environmental Protection Inspector Group, after 20 13, the average annual reclamation area in Hainan Province reached 550 hectares, five times that of the previous 20 years. 20 17 inspection team gave feedback to Hainan:? Where the real estate enterprises point, the government intends to follow them, bulging their pockets and destroying the ecology. ? The inspector group pointed out that the government's inaction directly led to the long-term failure to investigate illegal development projects. The contradiction between real estate development and ecological protection in Hainan has been pushed to the forefront.
In the process of renovation and demolition, the contradiction between ecology and development is still sharp and sensitive. ? To develop the home port of cruise ships, Sanya has no choice but Phoenix Island. The task of the home port is also given to Hainan by the central government. If the rectification measures are excessive, the task will not be completed. ? An official from the former Environmental Protection Department of Hainan Province who was interviewed said.
Phoenix Island is known as the originator of artificial island in Hainan. Its sand blowing and reclamation originated from the planning of Sanya Port Authority in 1990s, and it is planned to build an international passenger port here. In 2006, Phoenix Island built the first 80,000-ton cruise terminal in China. ? After one or two years of use, there are more than 654.38 million tons of cruise ships in the world. Once a cruise ship with 4000 passengers could not dock in Sanya, so we had to park it at sea. We sent a boat to pick up people. Because of security risks, the government asked us to fill in the second island. ? The person in charge of the cruise port company said. The second-phase reclamation project of Fenghuang Island started on 20 14 and was completed around 20 16. At present, the general and control regulations have been passed, but the detailed regulations have not yet been passed. ? We were just about to report the detailed regulations when we were stopped by rectification. ?
According to public information, in June, 2020, the Central Committee of China and the State Council issued the overall plan for the construction of Hainan Free Trade Port, which proposed: to speed up the development of Sanya to the home port of international cruise ships, support the construction of the cruise tourism experimental zone, and attract the registration of international cruise ships. ? In the same month, Sanya Central Business District was established in the reclamation area of Phoenix Island cruise home port.
How to complete the task of environmental protection supervision and rectification while taking into account the needs of cruise home port construction has become a major problem facing Sanya and even Hainan.