Answer:

1. External risks

1. Procurement contract risks

When the company decides to accept customer orders, it first considers The most important thing is whether there are raw materials, whether we decide to order or purchase, no matter which one, as long as we decide, we must make a contract, which requires us to master the knowledge of contracts and prevent contract fraud. Contract fraud is often concealed and difficult to distinguish from normal contract disputes. The use of contract fraud has become a common tactic used by fraudsters.

2. Market price risk

Suppliers manipulate the market, collude with each other, and intentionally drive up prices.

The company is unsure of the market conditions and purchases in bulk when it thinks the price is reasonable. However, the price of this type of material may drop soon.

3. Raw material quality risk

The quality of the raw materials provided by the supplier does not meet the requirements, causing the performance of the company's products to fail to meet the quality standards, causing serious losses to the company, and It may cause the company to arouse customer suspicion in terms of economy, technology, personal safety, company reputation, etc. involved in this product.

If there are serious quality problems with raw materials, it will directly affect the overall quality of the company's products and the company's economic benefits, affect the production and delivery time of the products, reduce the company's reputation and product competitiveness, and directly threaten the company's reputation. The survival and development of the company.

4. Unexpected risks encountered during the procurement process

Unexpected risks caused by factors such as nature and economic policies are difficult for us to predict. Such as traffic accidents, resulting in the failure of normal supply, etc.

5. Risks caused by accelerated technological progress

Due to social and technological progress, the original purchased raw materials will depreciate. Due to the development of information technology, the purchased equipment, such as computers, has been obsolete or has been used inefficiently and caused losses.

2. Risks within the company

1. Procurement plan risks

The plans formulated by the procurement department or personnel are unscientific, resulting in planning risks in procurement , that is, the purchase quantity, purchase target, purchase time, transportation plan, usage plan, quality plan, etc. deviate greatly from the target.

2. Risks caused by one's own fault in the contract

One's own fault includes:

The party who entered into the contract did not operate in strict accordance with the legal provisions, causing the company to suffer loss. If the situation is unclear, the contract is signed blindly; the liability for breach of contract is simplified and the contract is made verbal or a gentleman's agreement; the ratio of authentication and notarization of contracts is too low, etc.

Private misconduct. For example, the seller adopts unfair means to bribe purchasing personnel to obtain the company's procurement bid; gives false discounts, or uses certain benefits as bait to openly sell fake and shoddy products.

Daily management of contracts is chaotic. If the contract is incomplete or missing, the text of the contract cannot be found during performance, or there is only a copy without the original, making it difficult for the company to determine whether the other party has breached the contract; the company itself has been held accountable by the other party for breach of contract due to chaotic contract management.

3. Acceptance risk

Due to human factors, the raw materials were not reviewed and accepted according to the contract and system requirements before entering the warehouse. For example, the quantity is lacking; the quality is inferior and inferior; the variety and specification of the goods are wrong and do not meet the requirements of the contract; the price is deformed, etc.

4. Reserve risk

Inventory reserves cannot supply production needs in a timely manner.

Excessive inventory reserves cause backlogs, causing the company to accumulate a large amount of funds in inventory.

The company's "zero inventory" strategy is disrupted by out-of-stock or untimely delivery.

5. Procurement liability risk

Disputes arise if the company's handling departments or individuals have problems such as a weak sense of responsibility or low management level, or if the procurement personnel act for personal benefit, accept kickbacks, or seek personal gain. causing losses to the company.

3. Methods to avoid risks

The main methods are:

Prepare annual procurement budget and strategic planning;

Choose carefully Suppliers, pay attention to the screening and rating of suppliers;

Strictly review order contracts and try to improve contract terms;

Expand information channels and keep information flowing smoothly;

Improve the risk control system and make full use of supply chain management to optimize supply and demand;

Strengthen process tracking and control, and take timely measures to deal with problems when problems are discovered to reduce procurement risks.

Making full use of professional information websites will help purchasers obtain information more conveniently and accurately, and provide a basis for evaluating suppliers and products.

At the same time, the company can dispatch full-time factory personnel to the suppliers it needs, or conduct frequent quality inspections on the suppliers.

Procurement should reduce over-reliance on individual large suppliers, and alternative plans and alternative suppliers can be used to spread procurement risks.

As for the budget, since the procurement budget is calculated based on data such as material costs and sales forecasts, companies that focus on order-based production should pay attention to whether some key components can be shipped at the required time, and appropriately Use the MRPⅡ system and the spot combination method to reduce risks, and fully communicate with all raw material suppliers before project development to make the suppliers clear about the direction and requirements of cooperation.

Procurement risk:

Procurement risk usually refers to some unexpected situations that may occur in the procurement process, including human risks, economic risks and natural risks. Specifically, such as inaccurate procurement forecasts As a result, it is difficult for materials to meet production requirements or exceed budgets, the production capacity of the supplier group decreases, resulting in untimely supply, goods do not meet order requirements, an increase in sluggish materials, procurement personnel make mistakes, or there is dishonesty or even illegal behavior with suppliers. These situations will all affect the achievement of expected procurement goals.

Baidu Encyclopedia: Procurement Risks

Sohu: What risks will you encounter in procurement?