First, the situation of Tong's family in Manchu Huangqi.
There are seven different families of Tong clan in Manchu Huangqi:
1. adoptive family. Adoption families can be described as "noble families" and "noble families". Toarey Yang's ancestor Tong Dali was the "hundred surnames" of the Ming Dynasty, the town general and the commander-in-chief of the Ming Dynasty, and his descendants were all important ministers of the Ming Dynasty. After the surrender of Nurhachi in the late Ming Dynasty, their status jumped with Nurhachi's repeated meritorious deeds, and they exchanged in-laws with each other, becoming the closest, known as "the head of the eight dragon families" and "children" in history. This family started a foundation in Nubataqi, swept away the forces in the northeast in the late Ming Dynasty, and even made outstanding contributions to pacifying San Francisco, incorporating Taiwan Province Province, benefiting the country and the people, and consolidating the new regime. In the Draft of Qing History alone, there are important officials such as Tong, Tong Yangzhen, Tong Tulai, Xiao (the daughter of Tong Tulai, the emperor shunzhi's concubine, born at the age of fifteen-Emperor Kangxi when he ascended the throne at the age of eight), Tong Guogang, Tong Guowei, Long Keduo and Hubei. As for the civil and military officials above the county level, it is difficult to count. The family background of Tong family is recorded in detail in A Brief History of Tong Family in Manchu Dynasty written by Tong Mingkuan and Li Dejin. This family is the representative of Tong.
2. Sa Muska family. During the Tiancong period of Sa Muska family, it belonged to Huang Taiji and belonged to the Yellow Flag. Sun Bahata and he are both civil servants of the Qing court, with only five titles, few members and small families, but they are still a clan.
3. Zhang Wu is a family. The Albanian people in Zhang Wu also belong to the Yellow Flag, similar to the Ka people in Sa Mouche. Although the number of households is small and the family name is not big, their grandchildren, such as Tuoerge, Erhetu, Habida, Fu Gui, etc., have been serving as officials in the imperial court since their ancestor Zhang Wu surrendered to Nurhachi, and served as guards of the Seventh Academy, military academy, Yuan Wailang and other posts, and worked for the Qing Dynasty.
4. Dudley family. The Vaida family is also a member of the team holding the yellow flag. It lives in Balda, and it is the smallest family. When it returned, only Sahada was appointed as a military school. At the same time, he was unfortunately martyred and was sent to Yun Qi School and his son Highland.
5. Tong Qi's family. Tong Qi lives in Hetuala, which is now in the south of Yongling Town, Xinbin County, Liaoning Province. There are many clans, but there is no data to test and it is impossible to describe them.
6. Wan Yan's family. Tong is a family member, Huang Qi, who lives in Shenyang. Wan Yan was appointed as the leader of the blacksmith's camp, that is, the leader of weapons construction. His Sun Huaxi was appointed as a military school.
7. Ye He belongs to the Tong family. According to Ye He's Tong Family Tree, "This flag lives in the ancient city of Ye He, and its surname is Ye He. In the battle of Nuerhachi's unification of Jurchen, he joined Nuerhachi and became one of them. After beating Salhu, pacifying Liaoshen, outwitting Guangning and destroying the forces in the late Ming Dynasty, the Ye Langa brothers "entered the customs from the dragon". Later, under the command of Huang Taiji, he made great contributions to the Qing Dynasty in the wars inside and outside the Great Wall, up and down the Yellow River and north and south of the Yangtze River, and in the suppression of the "San Francisco" rebellion. Nalang's brother Nengying died for his country in the fierce battle.
Second, the origin of Ye Hetong family of Manchu.
Ye Hena Langa was ordered to defend Beijing after putting down the "Three transgressions" rebellion led by Wu Sangui, and was stationed in Beijing Xishan Camp. In the 26th year of Kangxi (1687), he was ordered to return to Liaodong.
Why did Ye Hebu return from Beijing? Because in the early years of Shunzhi, after the Eight Banners soldiers and civilians "entered the customs from the dragon", the Qing court banned Liaodong and other vast areas, making the northeast of the rear area very empty. In the early years of Shunzhi, there were only 1524 officers and men in the whole Northeast Eight Banners. Therefore, the aggressive forces of Russian colonialists went deep into the Heilongjiang River basin step by step, destroying the lives and property of our people. For example, in the sixth year of Shunzhi (1649), Russian Yakutsk led Flantz Buick to invade our Heilongjiang area; In the 13th year of Shunzhi (1656), Russia invaded the schlegel river basin; In the fifteenth year of Shunzhi, Russia invaded Nebuchadnezzar, Mongolia; In the fourth year of Kangxi (1665), Russia invaded jaxa again. In the fourteenth year of Kangxi (1675), Russia included jaxa in the management map, and so on. What was the jurisdiction of the Qing court in Liaoning and Shenyang at that time? According to Volume II of Records of the Holy Father of Qing Dynasty, Shang Xian, the magistrate of Fengtian (now Shenyang), pointed out when reporting the situation of Shengjing to the Qing government: "Although there are many castles in Hedong (east of Liaohe River), they are all wasteland. Only Fengtian, Liaoyang and Haicheng are slightly controlled by the county government, but there is still no city in Liaohai. Such as Fengcheng and Gaizhou, there are only a few hundred people. In Tieling and Fushun, nothing grows, no land can be cultivated, and no people live together. ..... Although there are many castles in Hexi, they are sparsely populated. People from Ningyuan, Jinzhou and Guangning gather together and have only one assistant. I don't know how to arrange it. Looking at the hinterland of Hedong and Hexi, there is no one to rely on, the city is ruined and the wilderness is thousands of miles away. This is very worrying. " Finally, he suggested to the court: "If you want to make up for the trouble, you must take precautions;" In order to make up for internal worries, we must enrich the fundamentals and make long-term plans. "
Emperor Kangxi was very concerned about the Russian invasion. In the tenth year of Kangxi (167 1), I toured the northeast to understand the reality and layout strategy. After pacifying San Francisco in the 20th year of Kangxi (168 1), he turned his attention to the northeast. In the twenty-first year of Kangxi, he visited Shengjing, Jilin and Wula Street. Ask General Ningguta and others about the border situation, understand the situation in China and Russia, and deploy more troops. Emperor Kangxi knew Heilongjiang and the whole Northeast like the back of his hand after several field trips by himself and his ministers. According to Records of the Saints of the Qing Dynasty (volume 13 1), Kangxi believes that the key to ensuring peace and security in Northeast China and stopping and repelling Russian aggression lies in "accumulating more grain and always guarding the officers and men", and "if not, the residents outside Songhua River and Heilongjiang will be mine". Therefore, from the 23rd year of Kangxi (1684), more officers and men were stationed in Heilongjiang wasteland with their families. In the twenty-fourth year of Kangxi, Emperor Kangxi sent more troops to Heilongjiang, at the same time, he got through the land and water transportation of Liaohe River, Songhua River and Heilongjiang, and sent a full-time general manager to transport food and military supplies from the south of the Yangtze River to the front line of Heilongjiang. He also set up a factory in Jilin to build ships and transferred to the front line of Heilongjiang to provide military supplies. In the twenty-fifth and twenty-sixth years of Kangxi, a large number of Manchu and Han flag soldiers were stationed in Liaodong and Jilin from Gyeonggi and other places, and returned to Shengjing, Liaoyang, Fushun, Jilin, Benxi, Fengcheng and Kaiyuan with their families to stay in the fields forever.
Now living in Liaodong and Northeast China, the Manchu surnamed Tong, at that time, mostly returned to garrison the fields and guard the border.
In the mid-Kangxi period, among the Manchu people who stationed troops to guard the Liaodong border, there was a representative of Yo-eye named Nalang 'a, and in Fengcheng, Benxi, Kuandian, Xiuyan and even Huanren, Ye Heshi's colleagues called Nalang 'a the ancestor of Fengcheng's father. Fengcheng Yehe's Tong's Genealogy records: "This clan was originally a jurchen Yehe and lived in Yehe ancient city." Regarding the ancient city of Yehe, there are two sites: one is located in Yehe Town, Lishu County, northern Jilin Province; The other is located in Siping, southern Jilin Province (northeast of Kaiyuan City, west of Xifeng, southwest of Siping, Liaoning Province), about five kilometers away from the Jilin side of the Liaoning-Jilin border. According to Qing Tongjian, "Yehe is in Yeheli River in the northeast of Kaiyuan, which is called Beiguan". And "Tong's Genealogy" records: Nalang replied, "When I was stationed in Fengcheng, I went to Yehe, Lishu County, Jilin Province to pick up my family to Fengcheng." It can be seen that his ancestral home is more likely to be in Yehe, Lishu County.
After Ye took up his post in Fengcheng (as a city guard-editor's note), he protected the land and people, and built a "prosperous land". He presided over the establishment of border crossings, patrolling and intercepting, managing Zhongjiang tax, supervising the production of flag households, renovating traffic arteries, handling disputes between flag people, maintaining the fundamentals and faithfully fulfilling his duties.
According to the imperial edict of Emperor Kangxi, Fengcheng, Benxi, Kuandian and Xiuyan were named as the land where Nalang ate Lu. After he arrived, he returned to Yehe, Lishu, Jilin to meet his family and settled in Swing Ridge and Lishugou in Fengcheng.
Third, Ye He's Tong family flourished.
This family calls itself: "The original surname is Tong, and the compound surname is Ye", regardless of children and leaves. Among the descendants of Nalang 'a, the descendants of, Shuanzhu,, Rense and Alintai took Ye as their surname until ten generations ago, and the rest took Tong as their surname. "Children, leaves a family", mutual recognition. With the advancement of years and the prosperity of reproduction, from the fourth generation, various branches began to leave the Swing Ridge and Lishugou and settled in other areas of Fengcheng and Benxi, Kuandian and Xiuyan to make a living and develop their own blood. Over time, with the remoteness and inconvenient contact, there has been confusion of surnames, generations and names. In order to prevent the situation from further development and orderly reproduction, since the tenth generation, the unified generation has been ranked as "the civilization inherits the sacred aspirations, the talents are virtuous, the country is in harmony for thousands of years" and unified as Tong's. The tenth generation of the descendants of Shuanzhu, who live far away in Heiyu, Benxi, is the word "Yong" rather than "Wen". Why? According to the genealogy of the descendants of the bolt column, they used the word "Wen" in the eighth generation, so they avoided overlapping after the whole family unified the word, so they replaced the word "Yong" in the tenth generation. This also shows the necessity of unifying the generation of characters.
The settlement distribution of Nalang 'a descendants is as follows: the second generation, the third generation, the fourth generation and the fifth generation.
The eldest son: the eldest son of the Tong Dynasty: from childhood to the foreign minister of the official department and the inspector of Yangzhou Customs, the descendants settled in the foot of Fenghuang Mountain and Lishudianzi in Yiyang.
Second son: Second, descendants settled in Caohezhang and Heiyu areas of Benxi.
Second son: Tongse eldest son: Shalinai eldest son: Mahada settled in Lishugou.
Second son: Aise settled in Swing Ridge.
The third son: six settled in Swing Ridge and Fengbei Sandaogou.
The third son: Suose Changbaozhu's eldest son: Shuanzhu was appointed as the prefect and settled in Fajianling and Heiyu.
The second son: Wu Nengyi was appointed as the defense and settled in the black jade area.
The third son: Tong Duo served as deputy leader and settled in the north of Fengcheng.
81was the eldest son, and later settled in Longyang Daogou, Yiyang. ※.
The second son, Baki, served as deputy leader and settled in Donggushanzi. The eldest son, Eshenbu, settled on the badger's back.
The second son: the third department settled in Wendong.
Third son: barnyard grass settled in Wailang grave.
The fourth son: the descendants of Mrs. Alinta settled in the Tong Jiapeng house in the west enclosure.
Wuzi: Yatu descendants are distributed in the area of Swing Ridge and Badger's Back.
Manchu people have a habit that their grandchildren are named after their grandfathers when they are born, and their eighty-one is that their grandfathers Nalang 'a was born at the age of eighty-one. ※
There are more than 20 villages named after children in Liaodong, which shows that they are widely distributed, famous and prosperous. She is a hardworking and brave people. She is not only a famous family in history, but also contributed to the development of the Chinese nation. Today, together with brothers from all walks of life and all fronts, she continues to contribute to the reform and opening up and the rejuvenation of the Chinese nation.