This article is rich in content and emotion, so it is not enough to fully understand it without reading it out loud. Parallel prose, gorgeous rhetoric, harmonious rhyme, cadence and various prose sentences can't be understood without reading aloud; The artistic conception is beautiful and changeable, and you can't recite the taste without reading aloud. Teachers should guide students to read aloud, so as to drive other teaching links by reading aloud and reciting.

Organize students to collect materials related to Fan Zhongyan and Yueyang Tower before class, such as Fan Zhongyan's life, Teng's friendship with Fan Zhongyan, Fan Zhongyan's anecdotes, Yueyang Tower's writing background, Yueyang Tower, poems related to Yueyang Tower, Yueyang Tower's famous couplets, etc ... Arrange students to communicate in class to enhance their perceptual knowledge of the text.

Organize students to find problems on their own initiative and solve problems through discussion, so that teachers can give appropriate guidance in this link.

Guide students to read articles with aesthetic eyes, appreciate the beauty of artistic conception, philosophy and language, learn the writing method of combining narrative, scenery description, lyric and discussion, and improve their appreciation ability.

Teaching objectives

1, knowledge target:

⑴ Master the meaning of some common notional words and the usage of function words in classical Chinese, and gradually strengthen the accumulation of classical Chinese vocabulary.

⑵ Understand the author, writing background and stylistic features.

⑶ Summarize the characteristics of lyrical scenery writing in this paper, and compare the ideological brilliance of theme and epigram.

(4) recite the text.

2, ability goal:

(1) Guide students to read aloud, constantly improve their reading ability, taste artistic conception and read emotions.

⑵ Understanding the writing style of this article is a combination of narration, scenery description, discussion and lyricism, and blending scenes.

⑶ Try to figure out the beauty of this article's conception, artistic conception and language, and gradually improve the appreciation ability.

3, emotional goals:

Think about the author's political ambition reflected in the famous sentence "Worry about the world first, and enjoy the world later" and its various meanings in modern social life, and encourage students to go out of themselves, care about the world, take the benefit of the people as their own responsibility, make positive progress and explore boldly for the purpose of strengthening the country, and be a wonderful person and a capitalized person.

Teaching focus

1, grasp the meaning of the text as a whole, clarify the writing ideas and recite the text.

2. Learn the combination of text narration, scenery description, lyricism and discussion. Taste the artistic conception and understand the author's thoughts and feelings.

Teaching difficulties

1. Understand the meaning of the word "different" in two sentences: "Look at the feeling of things, you can get nothing unusual" and "the heart of the ancients, or the difference between the two" and its role in the text structure.

2. Understand the author's political ambition reflected in the famous sentence "Worry about the world first, and enjoy the world later".

teaching method

1, read aloud.

2. Literature method.

3. Discuss the nudge method.

4. Reading method.

Teaching media

Slides, demo tapes, tape recorders, written materials.

Class arrangement

2 class hours.

teaching process

first kind

Teaching essentials

Introduce new courses; Display materials, create an atmosphere, approach Fan Zhongyan and Yueyang Tower, and enhance the perceptual knowledge of the text; Teachers guide students to read the text, and strive to read smoothly, fluently, sonorous and melodious, with sound and affection; Grasp the meaning of the text as a whole, sort out the writing ideas and try to recite the text.

Teaching step

First, guide the design.

Design 1:

There is a couplet on Yueyang Tower:

Fan knows how to be happy before worrying;

Yesterday, I heard that today, Du Shaoling can talk in poetry.

Q: Who is Fan Wenqian? What does it mean to "be happy first and then worry"? Please find the answer from Yueyang Tower.

Design 2:

Students, there are many places of interest in our country that have left poems and songs of literati. For example, the three famous buildings in ancient China-Wang Tengting, Yellow Crane Tower and Yueyang Tower-are engraved with many beautiful sentences, such as "The sunset is lonely in Qi Fei, the autumn water is * * * and the sky is one color" in Wang Bo's Preface to Wang Tengting, which is fascinating; The Yellow Crane Tower in Cui Hao and every tree in Hanyang have become crystal clear, while Nautilus Island is an unforgettable nest of sweet grass. On Yueyang Tower, Fan Zhongyan's "Worry about the world first, and be happy after the world" is even more popular. The Story of Yueyang Tower has become a famous piece of scenery and lyricism. Today, let's learn this beautiful article together.

Design 3:

Multimedia plays the landscape paintings of Dongting Lake and Yueyang Tower, all kinds of which arouse students' interest. Dongting is the water of the world and Yueyang is the building of the world. Lakes and mountains set each other off, and it has been a fascinating mountain resort since ancient times; Yueyang, called Baling in ancient times, is located at the intersection of Dongting Lake and the Yangtze River, with a pillow mountain and a lake. It is the hub of Pakistan, Shu, Beijing and Hunan. In the sixth year of the Northern Song Dynasty (1046), Fan Zhongyan, a famous minister, made notes for the rebuilt Yueyang Tower at the invitation of a friend, and the famous poem "The Story of Yueyang Tower" was born.

Second, information display, enhance the perceptual knowledge of the text

Students show the materials collected before class about Fan Zhongyan and Yueyang Tower. First, they communicate in groups, and then each group chooses better materials to deliver to the teacher. Pictures can be displayed by physical projection, and written materials can be displayed by students themselves or by physical projection. In the process of communication, we need each other's goods and realize resource sharing. Teachers can also introduce some necessary information as appropriate.

Multimedia display:

1, Brief Introduction of Fan Zhongyan (989 ~ 1052), born in Wuxian, Suzhou (now Wuxian, Jiangsu), was a politician and writer in the Northern Song Dynasty. He was born in poverty, lost his father at a young age, and felt deeply about the sufferings of the lower classes. Song Renzong Tiansheng (1023 ~ 103 1) served as Xixi Salt Officer, and proposed to build a weir in Taizhou. In the third year of Baoyuan (1040), he served as Shaanxi's deputy envoy to appease and surrender, strengthen the defense against Xixia, and repeatedly made meritorious military service. In the third year of Li Qing (1043), Fan Zhongyan returned to North Korea as the political governor. Ten reform measures were put forward, but due to the opposition of conservatives, Dengzhou was demoted in five years, and later became the satrap of Hangzhou and Qingzhou. After his death, posthumous title Zheng Wen. Fan Wenzheng Gong Ji has been handed down from generation to generation.

2. Introduction to Yueyang Tower Yueyang Tower is the West Gate Building in Yueyang City, adjacent to Dongting Lake, and you can enjoy the lakes and mountains of the "800-mile Dongting". The building is located at the foot of Baqiu Mountain in the northwest of Yueyang City, Hunan Province. Its predecessor was the parade platform of Lu Su, commander-in-chief of the State of Wu during the Three Kingdoms period. In the fourth year of Emperor Xuanzong of the Tang Dynasty, Zhang said that a pavilion called Yueyang Tower was built in the former site of the parade platform, and he often boarded with the scribes to write poems. Since Song Tengyu was rebuilt in Beijing and Fan Zhongyan recorded it, Yueyang Tower has become famous all over the world and has become a famous tourist attraction in past dynasties. Famous writers in the Tang Dynasty, such as Li Bai, Du Fu, Han Yu and Bai Juyi, also wrote poems. Yueyang Tower was rebuilt in the sixth year of Tongzhi in Qing Dynasty (1886).

3. The Story of Yueyang Tower was written by the author in six years (1046) at the invitation of his good friend Teng. In the fifth year of the Qing Dynasty in Song Renzong (1045), Fan Zhongyan was removed from the political governor (deputy prime minister) and demoted to a local official in Dengzhou (now Dengxian County, Henan Province) because he advocated political reform and touched the interests of the imperial conservatives. In the spring of Li Qing's fourth year, Teng was banished to Yuezhou (now Yueyang City, Hunan Province). Teng made great achievements in managing Yuezhou, so he rebuilt Yueyang Tower. (This building was built in the early Tang Dynasty, and now it is the West Gate Tower of the old county town of Yueyang City, Hunan Province. It is three stories high and overlooks Dongting Lake. I wrote a letter about the historical evolution, surrounding environment and architectural features of this building, and attached a photo of Dongting in late autumn, and sent it to Fan Zhongyan for the record. Fan Zhongyan knew that Teng had been sentimental since he was demoted to Yuezhou, so he took the opportunity to write it down and used it as an excuse to express his political ambitions. At the same time, he also intends to comfort Teng Yujing and encourage him.

Third, read the text aloud and perceive the meaning of the text as a whole.

1, the teacher plays the picture of Dongting Lake, and reads the text with music. Students listen to the text to get a preliminary understanding of the meaning.

The teacher prompted the pronunciation of some words:

Multimedia display:

(1) New words:

Teng (), Zhe, Sun Mingxing, Yao and Yin Yu

Shānɡ Hao Hao soup (bó mínɡ) together (xié)

I feel relaxed and happy in Zhitinglan (zhǐ).

(2) Common words:

Everything is wasted and everything is thriving (all, all, all)

If you belong to a composition, remember it (by "speaking", speaking)

2. Students read the text together, and the teacher gives some reading guidance:

(1) Pay attention to the beauty of compound sentence's rhythm and the beauty of the change of the prose.

⑵ Pay attention to the overall grasp of emotion and the priority of tone.

The first paragraph is mainly a narrative, which should be read slowly and solemnly.

In the second paragraph, the writing about the scenery of Dongting Lake is magnificent, so we should read it with a lively and vigorous attitude. The tone of "everything is ready" is gentle, and "nature" leads to a new artistic conception, and the tone should be improved. "Nothing unusual" should be understood in a questioning tone.

The third paragraph begins with "Ruofu", which is meaningful. The following landscape writing, from bad weather to people's inner sadness, is sad in artistic conception, and sadness and sadness should be read out.

The fourth paragraph "Zhi Ruo" leads to a sunny picture. "Zhiruo" should be read loudly and the rhythm should be lively and powerful. The following landscape text describes a lake and spring color map, which is colorful and full of vitality. It should be pleasant and smooth to read. "How delightful!" One sentence pushes the joyful mood to the climax, "If you climb the stairs, you will have …" You should read the feeling of detachment.

The fifth paragraph begins with "mourning", which is lyrical and argumentative. Pay attention to three interrogative sentences and improve your intonation. The sentence "Ai" should be read in the meaning of sadness, generosity and dedication.

3. The teacher demonstrates reading some paragraphs, and the students follow.

4. Students practice reading aloud and try to read aloud with expressions, so as to read cadently and vividly.

5. Students choose students with higher reading level to demonstrate reading, while others comment.

Fourth, translate and read the text, and grasp the meaning of the text as a whole.

1. Students read the text silently, consult notes, dredge sentences by themselves with reference books, translate the text and draw difficult sentences.

2. Discuss and communicate difficult problems at the same table.

3. Take the study group as a unit, dredge sentences, translate texts, understand the main idea, and discuss around difficult problems. Teachers patrol each group and give guidance as appropriate.

4. Teachers distribute written materials to help students accumulate classical Chinese vocabulary and understand classical Chinese knowledge.

The information is as follows:

The word (1) is ambiguous:

Win in Baling (that is)

A circuitous attack (sending text, not translating)

After a while, the husband shouted (husband)

Go homesick (leave)

Xishu to Nanhai (distance)

Leave it (escape, escape)

If it's raining cats and dogs, you won't even open the moon (pack up and spread out)

Side-opening small window (opening, setting)

Open the door of my East Pavilion (open)

This is the grand view of Yueyang Tower.

However, this leads to the northern martial arts (and then, conjunctions)

If you live high in a temple, you will worry about its people.

Yu Baling wins (see)

This is the magnificent view of Yueyang Tower.

There is Wuxia in the north and Xiaoxiang in the south (all through)

How happy (tired) it is to float on the light, jump on the gold, throw on the wall, and answer each other's fishing songs.

Political integrity and harmony (harmony)

Spring and Qingming (warmth)

Dawn is coming.

Despise oneself (look down upon, despise)

Yu Baling wins (good, beautiful)

Attack in a roundabout way and be invincible (win)

The smoke is gone (sometimes)

Or both (maybe, maybe)

2 Different meanings in ancient and modern times:

The second year (the second year, the present meaning, as opposed to "this year")

It is a composition to remember (write an article, the article written by students today as an exercise)

Go homesick (leave, today, go; Capital, modern meaning, country)

Worry about advancing and retreating (advancing, entering the DPRK as an official; Retire and live in seclusion in the country. I didn't mean it today)

Sha Ou Ji Xiang (birds stop in trees, which means gathering in this sense)

(3) Explain the following words in black:

Teng vowed to defend Baling County (official name, here is the verb, "Be a satrap").

Everything has been abandoned (abandoned business, noun)

Or both (verbs are used as nouns to express behavior)

Worry about the world first, and enjoy the world later (before; After ...)

(4) Examples of translating difficult sentences:

(1) All goes well with politics and harmony: with politics and harmony, people live and work in peace and contentment, and all kinds of waste businesses have been established.

(2) the distant mountains, swallowing the Yangtze River, soup, boundless; It connects the distant mountains and breathes the water of the Yangtze River. Vast and boundless.

There is nothing unusual about the feeling of seeing things: the feeling caused by seeing natural scenery will probably be different, right

(4) The long smoke has gone, and the bright moon is thousands of miles away, and the static shadow is heavy: the fog is completely dispersed, and the bright moon is thousands of miles away, shining golden on the lake, and the moon shadow reflects people underwater, like a submerged jade.

⑤ Don't be happy with things, don't be sad with yourself: don't be happy or sad with the quality of foreign things and your own gains and losses. (Pay attention to intertextuality)

⑥ Worry about the world first, then happiness about the world: Worry about the world first, then happiness about the world.

Wes, who are we going home with? If there is no such person, who am I like?

Fifth, reasoning and writing, clarifying writing ideas, guiding students to recite, and experiencing the artistic effect of the comprehensive use of various expressions.

1, the teacher asked the students to repeat the main idea of each paragraph and make a brief summary:

Choose five students to speak:

Health 1: The first paragraph explains the reasons for taking notes. The author first put forward his good friend Teng, saying that after he was demoted to Yueyang, after a year's time, he achieved "harmony between the government and the people, and everything went smoothly". The Yueyang Tower was rebuilt and expanded, and the poems of the sages and modern people in the Tang Dynasty were engraved upstairs, and the author was entrusted to write an article on this matter.

Health 2: The second paragraph, from the grand view of Yueyang Tower to the feeling of going upstairs to see things. The author thinks that the beautiful scenery of Baling is concentrated on Dongting Lake. First, write about the lakes and mountains in space and the vast water potential, then write about the myriad weather in Dongting Lake area between dawn and dusk in time, and then summarize it with the phrase "This is the grand view of Yueyang Tower" after burning. Next, the author turns to the feeling of going upstairs to see things, and imagines the subjective feeling of the relocated poet when he looks at Dongting.

Health 3: in the third paragraph, people who are sad when reading things. If it is in the rainy season, it will not clear up for several months; The evil wind roared in the sky, and the turbid waves on the lake vacated; The sun, the moon and the stars cover their brilliance, and the mountains also cover their bodies; Business travelers are afraid to travel, and all ships are damaged; At dusk, everything is shrouded in darkness, and only the sound of tigers whistling and apes crying is constantly introduced to people's ears. At this time, boarding Yueyang Tower is sad and painful, and I feel even more sad about leaving Beijing and missing my hometown. And will be worried, afraid of the villain's slander and ridicule, sentimental to the extreme, compassionate.

Health 4: In the fourth paragraph, people who like reading are happy. On a mild day in spring, the bright sunshine shines on the calm lake without a ripple. The sky is lined with lake light, which reflects the sky and is green from top to bottom. Sha Ou in the sky flew and stopped, and the turtle in the water swam around. The flowers and plants on the shore exude a strong fragrance, which is refreshing. At night, you can also see the smoke on the lake swept away, and the bright moonlight shines thousands of miles; Moonlight waves ripple together, golden light flashes, and the moon in the water is like a moist jade. The fisherman's song duet is full of infinite joy. When you board Yueyang Tower, you will feel relaxed and forget all the honors and disgraces. How gratifying and joyful it is to raise a glass and drink in the breeze!

Health 5: The fifth paragraph denies the two feelings about things written in the first two paragraphs, shows a higher ideological realm and points out the main idea of the article. The author said with great emotion that I have discovered the inner feelings of ancient people with high morality, which is different from the above two kinds of moods. Their joys and sorrows are not affected by the objective environment and scenery, nor are they changed by personal gains and losses. When you are an official above the temple, you care about the people, lest they be hungry and cold; Retire to the Jianghu and stay away from state affairs, and worry about you, lest you lose. So when will they be happy? They must answer this way: worry about the world first, then enjoy the world. The author expresses his yearning and admiration for this kind of person: if there is no such person, who should I follow?

Teacher's summary: The full text is divided into three parts. The first paragraph is the first part, explaining the writing background and the reasons for taking notes. The second part (two to four paragraphs) is the main body of the full text. In the second paragraph, I write a panoramic view of Dongting Lake, and put forward the question of "the sense of seeing things is full of wonders". In the third paragraph and the fourth paragraph, the two juxtaposed paragraphs respectively read "feelings of looking at things", one sad and one happy, one bright and one dark, which formed a sharp contrast. The third part (the fifth and sixth paragraphs) expresses the author's broad mind and political ambition, which is the core of the full text.

Multimedia display full-text structure diagram:

2. Students should read and recite the text according to the blackboard prompts.

Distribution of intransitive verbs

1. Select the same item as the text .................................................................... ().

A, take the distant mountains and swallow the Yangtze River, which is boundless.

Sha Ou Ji Xiang. Jinlin swims; The coast is blue and green.

C, evil wind whistling, turbid waves emptying; The sun, the moon and the stars are hidden, and the mountains are hidden.

D, living in the temple, or the people, far from the rivers and lakes, or the king.

(hint: this question is intended to be recited. Option c)

2. Write a scene with any of the following idioms:

Zheng Tongren and all kinds of waste tools are booming. The soup is full of weather. In spring, there is a long smoke, and the moon is thousands of miles away.

(The answer is abbreviated)

3. Recite the full text.