Feed processing equipment is usually selected according to the production scale, production varieties and production technology. Therefore, different feed mills often use different equipment. However, some basic equipment for feed processing are the same, including raw material receiving and cleaning equipment, conveying equipment, crushing equipment, batching equipment, mixing equipment, granulating equipment, puffing equipment, liquid spraying equipment, ventilation and dust removal equipment, packaging equipment and central control system.
Raw material receiving and cleaning equipment mainly includes weighbridge, primary cleaning screen and cylinder bin;
Conveying equipment commonly used are screw conveyor, bucket elevator, scraper conveyor, belt conveyor and pneumatic conveying equipment;
Crushing equipment includes magnetic separators, feeders, shredders, etc. Among them, there are many kinds of shredders, such as hammer-type and claw-type shredders and micro-shredders that need finer granularity.
The batching equipment generally adopts electronic automatic batching scale; The types of mixers used are horizontal double-shaft (single-shaft) paddle mixer, horizontal spiral mixer, vertical mixer and waist drum mixer for producing premix;
Granulation equipment includes steam boiler, conditioner, granulator, cooler, grading screen and crusher, etc.
The puffing equipment comprises a conditioner and an puffing machine; The liquid spraying equipment comprises a liquid storage tank, a vacuum pump and a flowmeter;
Ventilation and dust removal equipment includes suction fan, brake cron and dust collector; Packaging equipment includes packaging scales, sealing machines, etc.
The central control system is the "brain" of the whole processing process, and the control systems of all kinds of equipment are concentrated here.
Production line equipment and process flow of medium and large feed equipment
1. Raw material cleaning
Receive bulk raw materials corn and soybean meal; The cleaning process is to put the corn and soybean meal that have passed the inspection by the raw material inspector into all the operation units of the silo. In this process, firstly, impurities in raw materials are removed by using impurity removal equipment, and then transported to the silo as planned by receiving equipment and demagnetization equipment. Production line equipment includes receiving devices (such as unloading pits and platforms), conveying devices, primary screening and magnetic separation devices (such as permanent magnet cylinders and permanent magnet rollers). The acceptance of bagged raw materials means that the loading and unloading personnel unload the raw materials that are qualified by the raw material inspector and store them neatly in the warehouse. In the process of receiving goods, we should do four things: 1, accurately count the quantity; 2, raw materials without quality problems; 3. The receiving path is correct; 4. The receiving environment is clean.
2. batching process
The batching process is to weigh the raw materials in the batching bin from the feeder under each batching bin according to the formula requirements. After each raw material is weighed by the batching scale, it is transported to the powder storage bin. The ingredients are weighed out from the silo, and these weighed raw materials enter the powder silo. After adding a small amount of materials and premix, they are directly weighed manually and put into the silo for mixing. The quality of batching process directly affects the accuracy of product batching.
3. Crushing process
The crushing process means that the raw materials to be crushed in the silo are sent to a crusher to be crushed into powder, and then sent to the silo to be mixed by a conveyor for use. The purpose of this process is to control the particle size of the material. The design efficiency of the crusher in this process determines the productivity of the process equipment, and it is also the process with the largest energy consumption in the production of powdery materials. Monitor and confirm hammer, sieve, current, noise and crushing path at any time.
4. Mixing process
In the process of mixing, the crushed raw materials are discharged into the mixer from the mixing bin, and oil is added to the feed in the mixer through the liquid adding system as required, so that all components are mixed evenly and the required mixing effect is achieved. Uniformity. The material discharged from the mixer is the finished product, which is directly sent to the packaging process of the finished product for packaging and delivery. When producing granular feed, the mixed powder is sent to the silo for granulation. In order to ensure the efficiency of the mixer, the maintenance personnel must check and maintain the equipment regularly and test the efficiency of the mixer regularly.
5. Granulation process
After magnetic separation and conditioning, the mixed materials are sent to the compression chamber of granulator, compressed into granular feed, cooled by cooling tower and screened by screening equipment to obtain standard granules. Magnetic separation equipment must be cleaned regularly to prevent iron impurities from damaging the granulator. When quenching and tempering, the steam quantity should be adjusted according to the requirements of particle variety, and the ring mold (aperture, compression ratio, material, etc.) should be selected according to the requirements of particle process quality. When cooling, the cooling tower should be adjusted according to the variety, indoor temperature and humidity, season and other factors to achieve qualified particle temperature and humidity. Adjust the cooling tower according to the variety, indoor temperature and humidity, season and other factors to achieve qualified particle temperature and humidity.
6. Finished product packaging process
The feed is weighed from the finished product warehouse by a packaging scale, packed in a packaging bag, then the packer inserts the label and seals it, and then transported to the warehouse by a transport vehicle for stacking.