The origin of Chongqing is the first year of Chongning in the Northern Song Dynasty (1 102), which changed Yuzhou to Duke Zhou. In the sixteenth year of the Southern Song Dynasty (1 189), he was the first public king to ascend to the throne, so he was promoted to Chongqing, calling himself "Double Festival", hence the name Chongqing.
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Chongqing has a history of more than 3,000 years and is also the birthplace of Bayu culture. Because Jialing River was called "Chongqing Water" in ancient times, it is called "Chongqing" for short. In the sixteenth year of the Song Dynasty, Emperor Guangzong was made King Gong, and then acceded to the throne, boasting "Double Celebration", hence the name.
As early as 2 million years ago in the Stone Age, the earliest human in China-Wushan people appeared in Wushan County. "Tongliang culture" appeared in the late Paleolithic period, and the earliest Ba culture was bred in Wushan area.
In Xia and Shang Dynasties, it was Baipudi, and in the pre-Qin period, the vassal state of Pakistan successively established its capital in Jiangzhou and Dianjiang. During the Spring and Autumn Period and the Warring States Period, the struggle between Pakistan and Chu was intermittent, which almost ran through the whole history of Pakistan. In the Western Zhou Dynasty, the king of Wu attacked with strong Pakistani soldiers as the vanguard. After the attack, the king of Wu named Zongji Pakistan, established Pakistan, made Jiangzhou its capital and made Chongqing its capital for the first time.
In 3 16 BC, Qin destroyed Ba, Sheba County and Zhang Yijian Jiangzhou. This is the first time that Chongqing has built a city. The Qin Dynasty enfeoffed 36 counties in the world, and Ba County was one of them. Jiangzhou was called Jiangzhou in the Han Dynasty and belonged to Yizhou Secretariat. In the sixth year of Jian 'an, Liu Bei and Zhuge Liang decided Yizhou via Jiangzhou. During the Jin Dynasty, Yongning County was changed to Ba Du County. In the Southern Dynasties and the Song Dynasty, Ba County was restored, and West Wei Wendi was changed to Bazhou. During the Wei, Jin, Southern and Northern Dynasties, Baxian was successively under the jurisdiction of Jingzhou, Yizhou, Bazhou and Chuzhou.
. Sui dynasty abandoned the county, surrounded Chongqing water, and changed it to Chuzhou. This is the origin of Chongqing. The Tang Dynasty continued the name of Yuzhou and was under the jurisdiction of Shannan West Road. In Song Dynasty, due to Zhao Chen's rebellion, Song Huizong changed Yuzhou to Duke Zhou, meaning "Chongqing". Song Guangzong first worshipped the king, then proclaimed himself emperor, boasted of "Double Celebration", and promoted the Duke of Zhou to be the prefect of Chongqing, hence the name Chongqing. ?
In the Southern Song Dynasty (1259) 10, the Mongols fought the battle of Fishing City in Hechuan, Chongqing. Mongolian Khan Mengge (Yuan Xianzong), known as "God's Whip" in the battle, was killed by stray bullets. Since then, Mongolian kings in various battlefields in Europe and Asia have returned to compete for the position of Khan, which made the Southern Song Dynasty last for 20 years and even changed the pattern of battlefields in Europe and Asia.
The fishing town has been defended for more than 36 years, and it has written a rare example of defeating the strong with the weak in the history of Chinese and foreign wars, so it has been praised by Europeans as "Mecca City in the East" and "the land where God bends his whip". In the 16th year of Yuan Zu to Yuan Dynasty (1280), the Governor's Office of Chongqing Road was established, which belonged to Xuanwei Department of South Sichuan and Sichuan Province. ?
In the twentieth year of Yuan Shundi (1360), Ming Yuzhen, the leader of the peasant uprising army, established its capital here, with the title of "Daxia", which governed Chongqing, Sichuan, Guizhou and Yunnan. 137 1 year, Ming Taizu destroyed the summer, and was renamed as Chongqing House.
In the 16th year of Guangxu reign in Qing Dynasty (1890), China and Britain signed the Special Clause on Extension of Yantai Treaty, and Chongqing became a commercial port. In the 17th year of Guangxu (189 1), in March of 1, Chongqing Customs was established near Chaotianmen.
In the 18th year of the Republic of China (1929), Chongqing was formally established, with Pan Wenhua as the first mayor. In 24 years, the new provincial capital of Sichuan was established in Chongqing. On June 5th, 194 1 7764 citizens who escaped from the Japanese strategic carpet bombing died of suffocation in the air defense tunnel in Yuzhong District, Chongqing, known as the "big tunnel tragedy".
From the spring of 1938 to the winter of 1944, Lu Haijun's air force bombed Chongqing jointly for more than six years, which was called "Chongqing bombing" in history. 1945, after War of Resistance against Japanese Aggression's victory, in order to avoid civil war and strive for peace, the National Government and China's * * * production party held a 43-day peace negotiation in Chongqing, which was called "Chongqing negotiation" in history. 1949165438+1October 30th, Chongqing was liberated.
After the founding of New China, Chongqing has undergone three major changes, namely, the implementation of cities under separate state planning and the establishment of municipalities directly under the Central Government. From 1954- 1958 and 196 1- 1967, Chongqing implemented separate national plans twice; Since 1984, the national comprehensive planning system has been implemented, which is equivalent to the provincial economic management authority.
In the early days of the founding of New China (1950- 1954), Chongqing was a municipality directly under the central government, which was later changed to a provincial municipality. 1March 997 14, Chongqing was once again established as a municipality directly under the central government.
Baidu Encyclopedia-Chongqing