The preparation of the “Thirteenth Five-Year Plan” for national education has been officially launched. The Ministry of Education recently required all localities to prepare the “Thirteenth Five-Year Plan” for education in the spirit of reform and innovation.

The notice pointed out that the "Thirteenth Five-Year Plan" is the first five-year plan to implement the spirit of the 18th National Congress of the Communist Party of China and the Third Plenary Session of the 18th Central Committee. It is also the first five-year plan to implement the "National Medium and Long-term Education Reform and Development Plan". Development Plan Outline (2010-2020)" is the most critical five-year plan. Scientifically formulating and implementing the "Thirteenth Five-Year Plan" for education is of great significance to respond to new challenges in economic and social development and serve the goal of building a moderately prosperous society in an all-round way.

The notice requires that the preparation of the "Thirteenth Five-Year Plan" for education must adhere to the spirit of reform and innovation, and conscientiously implement the spirit of the 18th National Congress of the Communist Party of China and the Second, Third, and Fourth Plenary Sessions of the 18th Central Committee. , implement the educational planning outline, based on cultivating people with moral integrity, taking the basic realization of educational modernization as the overall task, adhering to the work policy of "prioritizing development, educating people, reform and innovation, promoting equity, and improving quality", and deepen the comprehensive integration in the field of education Reform and innovate the national education system, improve the modern education system, adjust the educational structure, and promote educational equity.

The notice also emphasized that the preparation of the education "Thirteenth Five-Year Plan" is generally divided into three stages. From now on to the end is the basic idea research and planning framework drafting stage, and from January to March is the planning text. In the preparation stage, March to June is the planning release and publicity stage. All localities should use this progress as a reference to formulate a timetable for regional planning and clarify the focus of work at each stage.

Education

●Improving the quality of education

●Promoting the balanced development of compulsory education

●Universalizing high school education

●Gradually promote the exemption of tuition and miscellaneous fees for secondary vocational education in a classified manner

●Take the lead in implementing the exemption of tuition and miscellaneous fees for ordinary high schools for students from families with financial difficulties who have registered and registered cards

●Realize financial aid for students from families with financial difficulties Full coverage

　▼Interpretation

The "shortcomings of universal high school education lie in secondary vocational schools"

"Universal" refers to further improvement on the basis of 86.5%

“The popularity here should be further improved on the basis of the gross enrollment rate of 86.5%, reaching more than 90%.” Wang Feng, director of the Education System Reform Research Office of the Education Development Research Center of the Ministry of Education, told the Beijing News reporter , At present, the gross enrollment rate of high school students in my country has reached 86.5%. According to the requirements of the National Medium and Long-term Education Reform and Development Plan (2010-2020), high school education will be universalized by 2020 to fully meet the needs of junior high school graduates for high school education. The gross enrollment rate for high school in 2020 stipulated in the outline is 90%.

Our country’s high school education includes general high schools and secondary vocational education. The country has also proposed that in the future, the enrollment scale of general high schools and secondary vocational schools should be roughly equal, with technical secondary schools, vocational high schools and technical schools as the main Secondary vocational education, which mainly consists of secondary vocational education, shoulders the important task of popularizing high school education. But Wang Feng admitted frankly that in recent years, the scale of secondary vocational schools has been shrinking, and more people are choosing to study in ordinary high schools.

Wang Feng explained that students have the right to choose after graduating from junior high school. However, according to the current high school entrance examination enrollment model, those with high scores can be promoted to high school, while those with low scores will face the choice of going to a secondary vocational school or entering the society. choose. "The quality of some secondary vocational schools in economically underdeveloped areas in the central and western regions is not good, and it does not help students find jobs and work income." Wang Feng said, which has led some junior high school graduates to give up further studies and directly choose to drop out of school. , apprenticeship, employment.

Therefore, Wang Feng suggested that the key to popularizing high school education is to improve the quality of secondary vocational education. He believes that deepening the reform of the vocational education system and promoting school-enterprise cooperation and group development in secondary vocational schools are the keys to improving the attractiveness of secondary vocational schools. Some local schools are already implementing measures such as integrated training between higher vocational schools and secondary vocational schools, and broadening the entry channels for secondary vocational graduates. Wang Feng believes that this has also enhanced the attractiveness of secondary vocational schools.

Let some financially disadvantaged students who wish to go to secondary vocational schools afford to go to school

Regarding the gradual and classified promotion of the policy of exempting tuition and miscellaneous fees for secondary vocational education, Wang Feng introduced that it has been achieved in rural areas, The free secondary vocational education policy for students from urban families with financial difficulties and students in agriculture-related majors is a national policy that benefits the people and is intended to enable some financially disadvantaged students who wish to attend secondary vocational schools to afford it.

“In vocational education, especially secondary vocational education, many students come from rural areas, and more students have financial difficulties. The country also attaches great importance to this aspect.” Zhang Guangming, director of the National Student Financial Aid Management Center of the Ministry of Education It has been previously revealed that the coverage of tuition-free education has grown the most and fastest in recent years in secondary vocational education. At present, about 90% of secondary vocational students in schools have achieved tuition-free coverage.

Wang Feng analyzed that judging from the information disclosed at the Fifth Plenary Session of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China, the next step is to completely exempt tuition and miscellaneous fees for secondary vocational schools, and ordinary high schools will also gradually become free starting from students from families with financial difficulties.

▼Follow-up - Universalizing high school education = integrating high school into compulsory education?

Universalizing high school education and gradually making it free, does it mean that high school will be included in compulsory education and the number of years of compulsory education be extended?

“These should be two concepts.

"Wang Feng believes that in addition to universality, the characteristics of compulsory education include freeness and compulsory. For high school education that currently implements a "dual-track system" with secondary vocational schools and ordinary high schools coexisting, if students cannot be promoted after graduating from junior high school, If you enter a regular high school, you should have the choice between studying in a secondary vocational school or getting a job. Since the quality of secondary vocational schools varies, it is difficult to force students to study in a secondary vocational school that may not necessarily have a significant impact on employment.

< p> Hu Ruiwen, a member of the National Education Advisory Committee and former president of the Shanghai Academy of Educational Sciences, once told a reporter from the Beijing News that he does not agree with extending the number of years of compulsory education. In addition to financial reasons, if high school is included in compulsory education, it will have a greater impact. The enrollment appeal of secondary vocational education. Hu Ruiwen believes that if the years of compulsory education must be extended, the last year of preschool education should first be included in compulsory education in poor areas.

Deputy Director of the Standing Committee of the Hubei Provincial People's Congress, Yang Jiang. Zhou Hongyu, director of the Institute of Education, previously told a reporter from the Beijing News that in theory, preschool education and high school education as basic education should be included in compulsory education, but considering practical conditions, Zhou Hongyu prefers to implement preschool education first. The final year of education will be included in compulsory education, and “if conditions permit, it will be advanced to high school.

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