Robert Hart (1853 ~1911), an Englishman, was born in a local brewery family in Boda, Ma County, Northern Ireland. 1853 graduated from queen's university and was submitted to the British foreign office by the university. After short-term training, he was sent to China on 1854 as a trainee translator in the British Consulate in Ningbo. In the second year, he was promoted to second-class assistant, in fact, he was fully responsible for the work of Ningbo Consulate. 1858 to the British Consulate in Guangdong. Hurd studies hard. After living in China for several years, he is proficient in Chinese and many dialects, and is good at communicating with China people with China's etiquette. He has also become a "China hand" welcomed by China officials.