When the galleon became the mainstay of the Spanish fleet, the crew was allocated according to the established quota. The most basic standard is that one crew member can be assigned to each ton according to its tonnage, and this ratio will rise to one and a half during the war or expedition. In fact, the manning of galleons is quite complicated, with an average of only half a crew per tonnage. The financial problems caused by the payment of remuneration are the main reasons for reducing the scale of personnel. /kloc-in 0/550, ships sailing in the Indies will be equipped with a sailor for every 5.5 tons. Of course, the number of crew members should be added with officers and men. By 1629, it is considered to be a practical calculation rule to equip a sailor every 6.25 tons and a soldier every 4 tons. During the war, the number of crew members will increase significantly. In addition to the standard number of crew, galleons often serve as troop carriers, cross the ocean or go to the western Netherlands, or perform amphibious landing missions. According to the fleet escort records from 160 1 to 16 13, except soldiers, each galleon is equipped with about 90- 100 crew on average. In addition to the increase in the proportion of skilled sailors, the proportion of all kinds of personnel has not changed much during this period. /kloc-at the beginning of the 7th century, the typical crew of a 500-ton galleon was 15 officer, 26 sailors, 19 trainee, 10 handyman, 2 1 gunner, 9 1 person, every 5.5. As can be seen from the previous formula, the deck of this ship is also equipped with a group of soldiers of about 125, so the total number of personnel is about 2 16, which does not include temporary employees and passengers, or the troops transported on board. This figure reflects the staffing situation of a Spanish galleon at that time. Although the number of soldiers on different galleons may vary by as much as 25% according to needs, as you can see, the number of soldiers on Spanish galleons is so large that people pay attention to it.

The organizational structure of a fleet or ship is clearly defined. Whether it is an independent fleet bound for the Indies or a part of a larger fleet, the galleon fleet has a commander-in-chief appointed by the king. In fact, the word "sub-fleet" is more appropriate. Most large sailing fleets consist of more than 65,438+02 ships, not including those protected merchant ships. Juan ace Calante described the ideal commander-in-chief in his report 1575 as follows: "He has outstanding personality, good family background, is Spanish, is a sincere Christian, has rich sailing experience and is in his prime." Strangely, most commanders-in-chief agree with this view. They are aristocratic and chivalrous, well versed in the way of being an official, familiar with diplomacy, navigation and military affairs, full of sense of responsibility and dare to challenge. They are Spanish war machines. The commander-in-chief boarded the flagship with royal officials and their entourage. The second commander in the fleet is a fleet commander appointed by the commander in chief. His main duties are all affairs and related preparations for fleet navigation, team formation, maintenance and replenishment in battle. Fleet commanders must master more navigation skills. Usually, the position of the flagship of the fleet commander is arranged behind the whole fleet, or opposite to the position of the flagship of the commander-in-chief.

On a ship, the captain belongs to a senior official. In the 16 and 17 centuries, there were two different types of commanders. The captains of the navy have very professional navigation skills. Although they are senior officials on board, they have no right to command the troops on board. There is also a kind of captain that is very scarce. They usually come from the army and need to rely on the captain (his role will be introduced below) to operate the ship. Usually this kind of captain is directly appointed by the headquarters. Theoretically, he can command everyone on board, but he often lacks or has no sailing experience. When the captain has suitable navigation and military experience, he will probably be regarded as an army commander, and the navigation experience accumulated during the voyage has little influence on his officialdom. When other powerful countries enjoyed the superiority of professional captains, the Spanish entered the17th century with their joint management system.

The captain of the operation is the leader who persuades the sailors. When the captain is in charge of management, the operation captain is responsible for implementation. When the captain is in charge of commanding the infantry on the ship, the ship is actually commanded by the combat captain. Juan Ace Calante described the ideal captain like this: "He is a skilled sailor, confident and trustworthy." He compared the captain of this ship to the queen bee in a beehive. Different from other officers, they often spend the whole service period on the ship and are responsible for the navigation, supply and maintenance of the whole ship. After entering the17th century, with the continuous increase of management work, many daily tasks operated by the captain began to be handed over to the first mate. The navigator's position is right behind them. He is responsible for the safety of navigation. In the fleet, the chief navigator decides the navigation route of the whole fleet, and every ship must obey his leadership. Unlike pilots, they usually board ships in rivers and coastal areas such as Gwadar Keevil River. The junior officer on the ship is the boatswain. As the assistant of the captain, they are responsible for manipulating and maintaining the sails and ropes to ensure the smooth sailing of the ship. He can be assisted by the assistant boatswain who is responsible for the safe use of fire on deck. Another assistant is a flight attendant, who is responsible for preserving and distributing food, water and wine, as well as rationing in case of material shortage. There is also a sailor on board, who will play the role of a policeman and perform the duties of assisting in riot control. Let's introduce the responsibilities of gunners.

In addition to the above duties, there are a certain number of additional officials on the galleon whose duties have nothing to do with the navigation of the ship. Tax officials are used to control the ships in the Indian fleet that are responsible for transporting funds. They are directly appointed by the Indian tax authorities and register their wealth on board, whether public or private, to ensure proper tax collection. Several clerks assist the tax collectors. Usually, tax collectors just board the flagship of the fleet, and they are assigned to other ships in the fleet that need to register their wealth. Another bureaucratic position in the fleet is the inspector, who represents all the economic interests of the king in the fleet, regardless of whether there is wealth on board. Notaries on each ship are also appointed by ZF, and they are responsible for recording the changes of the goods on board. Other additional personnel include priests appointed by the commander-in-chief and surgeons appointed by the captain.

Among all the members, except a few professionals, the crew are divided into four categories: full-time seafarers, trainee seafarers, junior seafarers and gunners. Professional and technical personnel include those positions without ranks. They are collectively called mechanics, including carpenters, divers, repairmen, seamstresses and trumpeters. Gunmen usually think they are superior to other sailors. They maintain guns in strict accordance with the rules, control guns in battle, and are responsible for guiding an unprofessional sailor. Full-time seafarers are more experienced than interns, who are usually only teenagers and need to learn skills at sea. We can see such a similar technical classification on most ships in the maritime era. The lowest rank among seafarers is young seafarers, most of whom are 12- 16 years old. Some of them may be relatives or friends of service officials, but most of them are street children or fugitives. They are responsible for all the servants' work, such as cleaning tables and providing help to sailors. Arranged by full-time seafarers, the sailors will keep vigil in two or three shifts to ensure that the ship can sail at night, and the sailors on duty can call the off-duty full-time seafarers for assistance.

Finally, the soldiers on board are introduced. They have their own organization, and all the soldiers in the fleet are under the command of the commander-in-chief Infantry commanders are often non-flagship captains, and the commander-in-chief needs his help to complete the command of soldiers. The soldiers on each ship are under the command of their captain. In fact, the infantry on board and the Spanish army have the same organizational structure. An army commander in charge of soldiers' training and accommodation assists the captain to complete the command work, and non-commissioned officers are responsible for managing some daily activities of soldiers. Similar to the current army platoon, every 25 soldiers are divided into a squadron, and a sergeant is the squadron leader. Like sailors, soldiers are graded according to their experience. Experienced veterans receive the most generous salaries, including a flag bearer, two drummers and a bagpiper. Besides, musketeers and musketeers will be treated better than other soldiers. According to an inspection catalogue at that time, half of the soldiers on the Spanish galleon were equipped with spears and halberds, and the rest were equipped with muskets and matchlocks respectively.