Henan Business Daily reporter Guo Dingran/text Song Yameng/picture
From "the rise of the central region" to "the high-quality development of the central region".
After the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China and the State Council issued the "Opinions on Promoting High-Quality Development in the Central Region in the New Era", Henan Province held a special meeting on May 7 to conduct in-depth study and implementation.
This is the first guiding document for regional development after the release of my country's "14th Five-Year Plan" and the outline of long-term goals for 2035. It points out the direction and provides guidelines for the rise of the central region. This is of great significance to the whole province of Henan, the central region and even the whole country.
Henan Business Daily will launch a special report on "Central China Speeds Up and Henan Races to Be First" to discuss together: What does this major national decision mean in the context of complex and ever-changing international and domestic economies? ? What major benefits will it bring to the central region? What opportunities should Henan seize and what challenges should it face?
The "Opinions of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China and the State Council on Promoting High-Quality Development in the Central Region in the New Era" have been released recently. This is the first guiding document for regional development after the release of my country’s “14th Five-Year Plan” and the 2035 Vision Goals.
The high-quality development of the central region has ushered in a series of new goals. What changes will these new goals bring to Henan, and what opportunities do they contain?
By 2025, the urbanization rate of Henan’s permanent population will exceed 60%
We know that the urbanization rate is a common indicator to measure the level of urbanization, including the urbanization rate of permanent residents and household registration Population urbanization rate. Among them, the urbanization rate of permanent population refers to the proportion of people who have lived in cities for more than half a year to the total population.
Compared with rural areas, cities have better transportation, medical, education and other resources, as well as more job opportunities. Therefore, the increase in the urbanization rate of the permanent population means that more people can enjoy a higher quality of urban life.
According to a set of data compiled by Wu Wenchao, an associate researcher at the Institute of Economics of the Henan Academy of Social Sciences, from 2005 to 2020, the urbanization rate in the central region increased from 36.54% to 56.80%, an increase of 20.26 percentage points; The national urbanization rate increased from 42.99% to 60.60%, an increase of 17.61 percentage points. The urbanization rate in the central region was 2.65 percentage points faster than that of the whole country. But at the same time, it can also be seen that the urbanization rate in central China is lower than that of the whole country.
A reporter from Henan Business Daily learned from the data released by the Henan Provincial Statistics Department that the urbanization rate of the permanent population in Henan Province has maintained a high growth in recent years: in 2018, the urbanization rate of the permanent population was 51.71%, which was 51.71%. At the end of 2017, it increased by 1.55 percentage points, and the urbanization rate growth ranked first in the country. In 2019, it was 53.21%, an increase of 6.36 percentage points from 2015. The increase in the past few years ranked second in the country.
But overall, Henan Province is still a province with a large rural population, and its urbanization level is lower than the national average. In the new goal for 2020, what does it mean to "increase the urbanization rate of the permanent population by more than 1 percentage point annually on average"?
According to the latest data in 2019, the urbanization rate of Henan’s permanent population is likely to reach or exceed 60% by 2025. This goal is consistent with the "significant improvement in the level and quality of urbanization, with the urbanization rate of the permanent population exceeding 60%" mentioned in the "Henan Province's "14th Five-Year Plan" and the Outline of the Long-term Goals for 2035".
As of the end of 2019, the permanent resident population of Henan Province was 96.4 million. Calculating an annual increase of 1 percentage point, approximately 1 million people will become urban permanent residents every year.
County towns will become an important carrier of urbanization construction
A reporter from Henan Business Daily learned that in the process of specifically promoting the urbanization of the permanent population, urbanization construction with county towns as an important carrier will be promoted. , taking counties as units to coordinate urban and rural development. Develop a number of characteristic towns to make up for the shortcomings in infrastructure and public services in counties and small towns. We will promote the integration of urban and rural water supply, the large-scale construction of rural water supply, and the renovation and upgrading of water conservancy facilities in areas where conditions permit.
“This idea is in line with the new urbanization strategy put forward in the "14th Five-Year Plan" that puts people at the core and relies on urban agglomerations and metropolitan areas to promote the coordination and linkage of large, medium and small cities and small towns. It is consistent with characteristic development," Gao Yabin, deputy director of the Henan Provincial Institute of Macroeconomics, told a reporter from Henan Business Daily.
A reporter from Henan Business Daily learned that counties in Henan Province account for nearly 90% of the area, more than 70% of the permanent population, and more than 60% of the total economic output. They play a decisive role in the overall development of the province.
At the Henan Province County Economic High-Quality Development Work Conference, it was also proposed that by 2025, the county urbanization rate, urban and rural residents’ income, and the proportion of secondary and tertiary industries will basically increase higher than the provincial average.
The development of industrial clusters, urban and rural living environment, county-level basic financial resources, and infrastructure levels have been significantly improved. There have been comprehensive breakthroughs in the construction of modern industrial systems, new urban systems, scientific and technological innovation systems, urban and rural public service systems, and ecological environment governance systems, and emerging A group of strong counties with advanced industries, full of vitality, prosperous urban and rural areas, beautiful ecology and wealthy people.
Gao Yabin believes that using the county seat as the main carrier as the entry point, by completing the shortcomings in infrastructure and public services, it can effectively attract the nearby rural population to gather. At the same time, in this process, large cities such as Zhengzhou and Luoyang will gradually play a radiating role and form linkages with other small and medium-sized cities and counties.
Zheng Luoxin Self-creation Zone is the troika leading the innovative development of Henan
Innovation is the first driving force for development, and talents are an important resource to support innovative development. However, it is difficult to make a meal without rice, and investment in research and experimental development (R&D) also plays a key role in scientific and technological innovation.
According to the "Statistical Bulletin on National Science and Technology Funding Investment in 2019" jointly issued by the National Bureau of Statistics, the Ministry of Science and Technology and the Ministry of Finance, Henan Province's R&D investment in 2019 reached 79.3 billion yuan, compared with 67.15 billion yuan in the previous year. An increase of 12.15 billion yuan.
In comparison, Henan Province’s R&D investment growth rate reached 18.1% in 2019, 5.6 percentage points higher than the national average growth rate. It has maintained a high growth rate of more than 15% for three consecutive years, and the growth rate is the highest in the country. Ranked 9th. Among the provinces with a total R&D investment of more than 50 billion nationwide, Henan Province’s R&D investment growth rate is second only to Beijing, Sichuan Province, and Hunan Province.
At the same time, R&D investment intensity (the ratio of R&D investment to gross production value) increased at the highest rate in ten years. Henan Province’s R&D expenditure accounts for 1.46% of GDP.
Zheng Luoxin’s innovation and leadership role in the self-creation zone is highlighted. A reporter from Henan Business Daily learned from the Henan Provincial Department of Science and Technology that the R&D investment in the three Zhengluoxin areas accounts for 50% of the province. The three cities of Zhengluoxin are the only three provincial cities in the province with R&D investment intensity exceeding 2%. Among them, Zhengzhou City’s R&D investment The funding accounted for 29.9% of the province's total, with an increase of 28%. Luoyang City’s R&D investment intensity reached 2.37%, significantly exceeding the national average; Xinxiang City’s R&D investment intensity exceeded 2% year after year.
However, looking across the country, there is still a big gap in Henan. According to relevant statistics, in 2019, the national government invested 2.21436 billion yuan in research and experimental development (R&D) funding, and the research and experimental development (R&D) funding intensity was 2.23%. Henan was nearly 1 percentage point lower than the country.
In addition, Henan Province's R&D investment still faces huge competitive pressure. A reporter from Henan Business Daily found that Henan Province's R&D investment ranks 9th in the country and 2nd in the central region, but its R&D investment intensity ranks 9th in the country. 18th, 5th in Central China.
Gao Yabin, deputy director of the Henan Provincial Institute of Macroeconomics, believes that universities are one of the best carriers of innovation, and Henan should continue to create a good innovation environment and talent cultivation environment.
"Zheng, Bian, and Luo have industrial and policy advantages and are the vanguard of scientific and technological innovation in Henan." He said that good policy experience can first be replicated in high-tech zones across the province, and then spread throughout the country. Promote and replicate the provincial formation model.
A reporter from Henan Business Daily learned that in the next step, the Henan Provincial Department of Science and Technology will continue to carry out special actions to increase R&D investment, implement corporate R&D subsidy policies, increase financial support, cultivate corporate innovation entities with high standards, and implement The "Ten Hundreds and Thousands" transformation and upgrading innovation project takes R&D investment as an important basis to support universities and colleges in applying for projects and building platforms.
Discover and cultivate hidden champions in the industry
Consumer demand Upgrading will force entrepreneurs themselves to pay more attention to R&D investment. "In the past, there was no need for innovation, but now innovation is the basis for the survival of enterprises." said Zhao Xisan, deputy director of the Institute of Industrial Economics, Henan Academy of Social Sciences.
In his view, investment in technological innovation is an economic activity and must comply with economic laws. The government should play its role well, create a good investment ecological environment for enterprises, and encourage and stimulate entrepreneurs' enthusiasm for innovation and investment.
"Henan has many hidden champion companies in subdivided industries." Zhao Xisan said, for example, Zhengzhou's Aote Technology is the domestic industry champion in the field of "intelligent lubrication". It has core competitive centralized lubrication system products with independent intellectual property rights. Yutong, BYD, CRRC, Scania and other well-known domestic and foreign companies are its customers, and it invests tens of millions in research and development funds every year.
He believes that Henan should be good at discovering and cultivating small and medium-sized enterprises with innovative potential. In this way, we can gradually form an atmosphere of investment in scientific and technological innovation in Henan Province, and also help build upstream and downstream industrial chains around relevant advantageous industries.
Green development contains huge opportunities
"As a province with a major energy and raw material industry, Henan will face pressure in the process of promoting green development because the related investments are very huge." Zhao Xisan gave an example , Anyang Iron and Steel has invested more than one billion yuan in its green transformation.
Some organizations predict that according to my country's relevant plans, in order to achieve the goal of carbon peaking in 2030, green environmental protection technology-related industries will have a huge market of 100 trillion.
Zhao Xisan analyzed that the current main obstacle to the green development of various industries is high cost. If Henan can achieve relevant technological breakthroughs in green and environmental protection technologies during this process, it will be able to turn "pressure" into huge opportunities.
In addition, he suggested that the government should make great efforts to regulate the market and eliminate backward production capacity.
"Prevent 'high energy consumption' and backward production capacity products from impacting the market." Zhao Xisan explained to the Henan Business Daily reporter that in reality, the use of green production technology will lead to increased product costs. If market control is not strict, , causing products with backward production capacity to have an impact on "green products" and affecting the enthusiasm of enterprises for green transformation.
Editor Lu Ruitian Liu Mengge