legal ground
Article 4 of the Interim Provisions on the Cause of Action of Administrative Cases
(a) administrative cases are divided into three levels.
1. First-class cause of action. The first-level cause of action of administrative cases is "administrative act", which refers to all actions and omissions of administrative organs related to administrative functions and powers.
2. Determination and classification of secondary and tertiary causes of action. The second and third cause of action is the refinement of the first cause of action. At present, there is no clear classification standard for administrative acts made by administrative organs in Chinese laws and regulations. The third-level cases are mainly divided according to the names of administrative acts listed in laws and regulations and the rights involved in administrative acts. At present, the main secondary causes of action are: administrative punishment, administrative coercive measures, administrative compulsion, administrative license, administrative expropriation or requisition, administrative registration, administrative confirmation, administrative payment, administrative commitment, administrative expropriation, administrative reward, administrative fees, government information disclosure, administrative reply, administrative handling, administrative reconsideration, administrative ruling, administrative agreement, administrative compensation, administrative non-performance of duties and public interest litigation.
3. Give priority to the application of the third-level cause of action.