Recently, the National Development and Reform Commission officially issued the Key Tasks of New Urbanization and Urban-Rural Integration Development in 20021year (hereinafter referred to as the "Task"), which covers many aspects such as promoting the orderly and effective integration of agricultural transfer population into cities and improving the carrying capacity of urban agglomerations and metropolitan areas.
The "Task" pointed out that in 20021year, the restrictions on urban settlement will be relaxed in an orderly manner, and cities with a permanent population of less than 3 million in urban areas will implement the policy of completely canceling the restrictions on urban settlement, promote the coordinated development of large, medium and small cities and small towns, and support the preparation and implementation of development plans in Fuzhou, Chengdu, Xi' an and other metropolitan areas.
Promoting new urbanization is not achieved overnight. In recent years, the pace of household registration reform has been accelerating, from small and medium-sized cities and towns with urban permanent population below1000000 to type II cities with urban permanent population below10000000-3 million, to "urge" cities with urban permanent population below 3 million to completely cancel the settlement restrictions, and finally to 2002/kloc-0.
As of 20 19, there were 672 cities in China, including 30 cities with a permanent population of over 3 million. In other words, 642 cities in 202 1 year will all achieve "zero threshold settlement".
"This is a step-by-step process." Yang Ge, an associate researcher at the Institute of Population and Labor Economics of China Academy of Social Sciences, told the 2 1 Century Business Herald, "While gradually relaxing the restrictions on settlement, we should speed up the construction of public services, which can also effectively prevent a run on urban public resources during the promotion process."
It can be said that this list of tasks in the first year of the 14th Five-Year Plan reflects the development trend of China's new urbanization path to some extent. In addition to the policy of "step by step", some new formulations worthy of attention have also appeared in this year's "Task".
The Task pointed out that in 20021year, the restrictions on urban settlement will be relaxed in an orderly manner. -Xinhua News Agency
The era of "zero threshold settlement" is coming.
In 20021year, except for mega-cities, mega-cities and some big cities, the restrictions on settlement will be fully liberalized.
According to the Notice on Adjusting the Standard of Urban Size Classification issued by the State Council in 20 141month, cities are currently divided into five categories and seven grades based on the statistical caliber of urban resident population. Among them, cities with a permanent population of more than 3 million and less than 5 million in urban areas are megacities (type I), and cities with a permanent population of more than 5 million10 million are megacities; Cities with a permanent population of10 million or more are megacities. According to the statistical yearbook of urban construction, by the end of 20 19, there were 30 big cities, megacities and megacities with a permanent population of more than 3 million in urban areas of China.
Specifically, megacities include Shanghai, Beijing, Chongqing, Guangzhou, Shenzhen and Tianjin, and megacities include Dongguan, Wuhan, Chengdu, Hangzhou, Nanjing, Zhengzhou, Xi 'an, Jinan, Shenyang and Qingdao 10. Megacities (Type I) include Harbin, Changchun, Dalian, Hefei, Kunming, Taiyuan, Changsha, Suzhou, Nanning, Urumqi, Shijiazhuang, Xiamen, Ningbo, Fuzhou 14.
It should be pointed out that there are still many challenges in the process of promoting the reform of the household registration system. In Yang Ge's view, the idea of taking household registration as welfare needs to be changed urgently. The "war of grabbing people" staged in the past reflects the concept that some cities regard household registration as welfare. Only by decoupling the household registration system from employment policies and stripping all kinds of invisible thresholds, preconditions and additional conditions can "zero threshold settle down" really land.
Compared with 2020, this year's "Task" also particularly emphasizes the right to rent and purchase. The "Task" pointed out that the urban settlement policy should treat renters and buyers equally, and allow permanent residents to settle in public accounts.
Yang Ge believes that this policy is deeply related to "housing and not speculating". At present, the fundamental reason why some areas still tend to take housing as the inspection standard is that public resources are too scarce. For example, the Task emphasizes that in 20021year, it is necessary to support qualified areas to include the permanent residents who have not settled in the scope of inclusive preschool education, aiming at the problem of relatively scarce preschool education resources.
"In fact, the right to rent and purchase is not a new formulation, but the implementation difficulty is not small. On the one hand, the standardization of the rental certificate needs to be strengthened. On the other hand, in the actual situation, if the tenant needs the landlord to cooperate with the submission of a copy of the real estate license, the landlord may not cooperate. In the future, in the process of implementing the policy of renting and purchasing the same rights, many detailed rules still need to be adjusted and improved. " Yang Wei said.
The "free flow" of population in the true sense means respecting both the inflow of migrants and the return of migrants. In this regard, the Task makes arrangements for the coordinated development of cities at different levels. According to the "Task", in cities, it is necessary to promote urban basic public services to cover the permanent population who have not settled down. In the county, it is necessary to speed up the completion of the shortcomings of the county's public service facilities, environmental infrastructure, municipal public facilities and industrial supporting facilities.
"Willing to stay in big cities, support to stay. Those who are willing to go back to small cities for development will also support them. No matter where people are, they can live and work in peace. " Yang Wei said.
Chengdu is newly named in the metropolitan area this year.
The development of metropolitan area is still the key task this year. The Task proposes to support the preparation and implementation of development plans in Fuzhou, Chengdu, Xi 'an and other metropolitan areas.
The Key Tasks of New Urbanization Construction and Urban-rural Integration Development in 2020 has proposed to support the preparation and implementation of development plans in Nanjing, Xi 'an, Fuzhou and other metropolitan areas. In contrast, this year, Nanjing "disappeared" and was newly named Chengdu.
At present, the planning of Nanjing metropolitan area has made breakthrough progress. Recently, according to the requirements of the Reply of the National Development and Reform Commission on Agreeing to the Development Plan of Nanjing Metropolitan Area, the Development Plan of Nanjing Metropolitan Area has been jointly issued by the Jiangsu Provincial Government and the Anhui Provincial Government, and will soon be published in full to the society.
As far as Chengdu metropolitan area is concerned, the news of last year's review of the "Planning Outline for the Construction of Twin Cities Economic Circle in Chengdu-Chongqing Region" focused many eyes on Chengdu-Chongqing Region.
Ding Changfa, an associate professor at the School of Economics of Xiamen University, told the reporter of 2 1 Century Business Herald that the Chengdu metropolitan area and the Chengdu-Chongqing twin-city economic circle are not in conflict, but cooperate with each other. For example, from the outside, the western region is still supported by the "Western Triangle" of Chongqing, Chengdu and Xi 'an. From the inside, it is still necessary for the core cities to continue to become bigger and stronger with the metropolitan area as the scale.
In addition to the new nomination of Chengdu metropolitan area, Xi 'an metropolitan area has also been named for two consecutive years, which also shows the strength of promoting the development of the western core city metropolitan area in recent years.
Chengdu metropolitan area involves Chengdu, Deyang, Meishan and Ziyang. In recent years, the total GDP of the four cities accounts for nearly half of Sichuan Province. In March this year, Yin Hong, executive deputy director of the Office of the Leading Group for Promoting the Urbanization of Chengde Meizi in Sichuan Province, said that the urbanization of Chengde Meizi is the construction of Chengdu metropolitan area. In February, the Cooperative Working Mechanism of Chengdu Metropolitan Area Planning was officially promulgated, and the development planning of Chengdu Metropolitan Area is on the way.
Xi' an metropolitan area is also advancing steadily. Previously, many concepts such as "Greater Xi' an Metropolitan Area" and "Xixian Metropolitan Area" were put forward around Xi' an. At present, "cultivating and building Xi' an metropolitan area" has been written into Shaanxi's "14 th Five-Year Plan", and the development pattern of Xi' an metropolitan area "one core, one axis, two wings, three districts and multiple groups" has been delineated. It is understood that the "Xi 'an Metropolitan Area Development Plan" has been compiled and the application for approval from the National Development and Reform Commission is being promoted.
It is worth noting that Fuzhou metropolitan area continues to be emphasized this year, and it is placed in the first place of expression. In 2020, Fuzhou ranks among the cities with trillion GDP for the first time. Ding Changfa said that this shows that Fuzhou initially has the foundation for developing the metropolitan area. This year 1 month, the Development Plan of Fuzhou Metropolitan Area was formally deliberated by the meeting of the Standing Committee of Fujian Provincial Party Committee, and the specific scope of the metropolitan area was delineated.
Ding Changfa told reporters that the vigorous promotion of Fuzhou metropolitan area in the past two years needs to be understood in combination with coastal urban agglomerations in Guangdong, Fujian and Zhejiang. In the Tenth Five-Year Plan, the expression of "urban agglomeration on the west side of the Taiwan Strait" was no longer mentioned, but was replaced by "coastal urban agglomeration of Guangdong, Fujian and Zhejiang" for the first time, and the new proposal emphasized the cooperation and coordination among Guangdong, Fujian and Zhejiang provinces.
"Between the Yangtze River Delta and the Pearl River Delta, the two most economically developed urban agglomerations in China, there is still a lack of a strong super city as a support." Ding Changfa said that the Fuzhou metropolitan area intends to continuously improve the primacy of Fuzhou.
Previously, Fujian had three strong cities, including Fuzhou, the provincial capital, Quanzhou, which has the largest economic scale, and Xiamen, which has a comparative advantage in the development of high-tech industries. Together, * * * supported Fujian's position as the seventh largest GDP province in China. At present, the development of Fuzhou metropolitan area is the first to receive strong support.
"Fujian is also fully supporting Fuzhou's application to build a national central city, which is the next goal with the development of Fuzhou metropolitan area." Ding Changfa said that if Fuzhou wants to gain a firm foothold between the Yangtze River Delta and the Pearl River Delta, "it still needs to work hard and make up for shortcomings in terms of science and education foundation, business environment and high-tech industry development."