The impact of avian influenza on my country's economy is limited

The impact of avian influenza on my country's overall economy is much lower than that of SARS

In early 2004, avian influenza swept the United States and parts of Asia Bird flu outbreaks have occurred in China, Japan, Vietnam and other countries, causing the death of millions of poultry, and more than 10 people may have died due to infection with the bird flu virus. At present, the avian influenza epidemic has not been effectively controlled. Many countries and regions have implemented "customs closure policies" and explicitly prohibit the import of poultry and poultry products from affected areas. The sales of live chickens, chicken products and other poultry products on the market are obviously not as good as in the past. The efficiency of chicken farms, poultry production and processing enterprises, the catering industry using poultry products as raw materials, and related upstream and downstream industries has declined significantly. Some small businesses with weak anti-risk capabilities are even facing the risk of bankruptcy, and relevant employees are facing the threat of reduced income and unemployment. , but compared with the SARS epidemic in the first half of the year, its impact was only limited to very limited specific industries and specific regions, and because chicken and poultry products are widely replaceable as one of the foods, people generally have a stable mentality, work, and Life order and eating habits were not significantly affected. In the absence of further mutations of the avian influenza virus, the impact of avian influenza on my country's overall economy will be far lower than that of SARS, and the impact on my country's overall GDP growth rate will not exceed 0.1 percentage points.

Avian influenza has had a certain impact on the poultry industry

Due to concerns about the infection and further spread of avian influenza, many areas have implemented "culling" of chickens, ducks and other poultry that may be infected. , poultry markets in some areas were temporarily closed, and live poultry trading and slaughter were also temporarily suspended. For example, after suspected cases of avian influenza were discovered in Shanghai, local organizations organized efforts to cull all 35,000 infected birds near the point where the suspected cases were found. The industrial and commercial department posted municipal notices in all markets across the city, requiring an immediate halt to live poultry trading and slaughter. Due to concerns about contracting the virus from eating poultry meat such as chicken and duck, consumers have reduced their consumption of such foods, causing sales and prices of chicken and poultry products to decline in the market. According to the survey, transactions in some Nanchang meat and poultry markets fluctuated greatly, and most poultry operators' sales dropped by more than half, and some even dropped by 2/3. However, there are exceptions. Some areas with large volumes of poultry imports and no local epidemics suddenly stopped importing poultry from the epidemic areas and restricted the listing and trading of chickens from local farms. Even though the market consumer demand has not shrunk significantly, the chickens on the market have been reduced. , ducks and other poultry products are in tight supply and prices are rising. A typical example is in Hong Kong. The wholesale price of chickens has risen sharply from about 7 yuan per catty on weekdays to a maximum of about 12 yuan per catty. The price has increased by 30%. The retail price in the next few days It may rise to HK$50-760 per catty.

The amount of losses caused by the import ban far exceeds the losses caused by killing poultry

Since the outbreak of highly pathogenic avian influenza in some provinces in my country, some countries and regions Implementing bans and restrictions on the import of poultry and products from my country. After receiving a notification from the Chinese government about the outbreak of avian influenza in China on January 27, Japan’s Ministry of Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries immediately announced that it would stop importing Chinese chicken (including offal) on the same day. , duck meat has been banned in China. Since then, countries in East and Southeast Asia where bird flu has occurred have closed borders. As of February 5, 41 countries and regions including Japan, South Korea, and the European Union (including 15 EU countries) have adopted such measures. At the same time, people have rejected such foods out of fear of the avian influenza epidemic, causing poultry production, processing and distribution companies to suffer heavy losses, and relevant employees have seen their incomes drop and even face the threat of unemployment. In fact, the actual amount of losses caused by killing poultry that may be infected by the epidemic is not large, and the impact on the economy is minimal. Currently, only 200,000 to 300,000 chickens are killed in epidemic areas in my country. Calculated based on the value of each chicken of 50 yuan, the total loss is It is only 10 to 15 million yuan, and the actual and expected losses of a medium-sized domestic poultry processing company exceed this figure. Take Beijing Huadu Broiler Company as an example. The company's export and domestic sales losses in the next two months will be as high as 400-500 million yuan, and some farmers who raise chickens will temporarily lose their source of income. The company's stocking volume is optimistic. It is estimated that it will also be reduced by 50% than normal.

In order to reduce the losses caused by "bird flu", China has introduced preferential tax policies

The State Administration of Taxation recently announced that in order to maintain and promote the sustained and stable development of the poultry industry, it will try to reduce Due to the losses caused by the "bird flu" epidemic, the State Administration of Taxation issued an emergency notice to implement preferential tax policies for the poultry industry. The notice stated that from February 1, 2004 to July 31, 2004, the policy of immediate VAT refund for the processing and sales of poultry products by poultry processing enterprises and refrigerated and frozen enterprises that are general taxpayers of VAT will be implemented, and the city will be exempted from the tax. Maintenance building tax and education fee surcharge. The income derived from poultry breeding (including breeding poultry breeding), processing and refrigeration and freezing by enterprises in the poultry breeding industry (including breeding poultry breeding), processing and refrigeration and freezing is exempt from corporate income tax in 2004. Special financial subsidies obtained by enterprises or individuals due to poultry culling are exempt from corporate income tax or personal income tax; the net losses caused by enterprises due to poultry culling are allowed to be fully disbursed before income tax.

The notice requires that the export tax rebates for poultry processed products should be refunded in full and in a timely manner. For those parts that were exported last year but failed to be filed with the competent tax authorities before the prescribed export filing deadline (January 15 this year), they should be refunded in full in a timely manner. Enterprises will be given tax refunds on the basis of prompt filing. In addition, with the approval of the provincial people's government, some other corresponding taxes can be appropriately reduced or exempted for the poultry industry within the entire province (autonomous regions, municipalities) or in parts of the province (autonomous regions, municipalities).

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http://unpan1.un.org/intradoc/groups/public/documents/APCITY/UNPAN017096.pdf