The forms of private lending are as follows:

1, enterprise financing and lending

Corporate fund-raising loans are mainly divided into corporate fund-raising and social fund-raising. Enterprise fund-raising mainly refers to the enterprise borrowing from shareholders and employees or raising funds in the form of shares to meet the needs of production and operation. Some enterprises also charge employees the so-called "work security deposit", on the one hand, to stabilize employees' work and prevent business risks, on the other hand, to achieve the purpose of raising funds; There are also some enterprises that entrust employees with personal property as collateral to obtain loans in the name of individuals, which are used by enterprises and the interest is paid by enterprises; The interest rate and dividend of enterprise fund-raising are generally equal to or slightly higher than the bank loan interest rate in the same period.

Social fund-raising mainly means that some large private enterprises raise funds for the society seasonally due to temporary cash flow problems. There are also individual real estate development enterprises who fabricate social property buyers as employees to raise funds to build houses in order to avoid some formal expenses, or because they do not have development qualifications. The down payment paid by buyers becomes the fund-raising for building houses. There is also grass-roots government financing, which refers to raising funds from specific objects in the name of the government in order to ensure the normal construction of key projects under the administrative area.

2. Low-interest mutual loans.

This form is also a common "poverty alleviation" among the people, which is mainly a free or paid mutual lending behavior between urban and rural residents and individual and private entrepreneurs with their own idle funds. Lenders and borrowers who are familiar with each other and trust each other meet directly and agree on the loan amount, term and interest. They verbally agree or write IOUs for temporary transfer of funds between individuals, mainly between relatives and friends. The amount ranges from several hundred yuan to tens of thousands of yuan, and the amount between enterprises ranges from tens of thousands to millions of yuan, and some even reach tens of millions of yuan. This kind of loan has a flexible term, ranging from a few days to several months, and the borrower and the borrower can be personal friends for several years. Mutual lending basically does not consider profit or has only a small income. The purpose of borrowing money is mainly to solve the urgent needs of life and production.

3. Irregular intermediary lending.

The public identities of these intermediary companies are investment consulting, investment consulting, investment management, financial management and financial consulting companies. They use the financing behavior of formal intermediaries or rely on informal intermediaries for private lending. In addition, private companies are registered to provide guarantees for enterprises (mostly small and medium-sized enterprises), individual private owners and natural persons to borrow money.

4. Issue high-interest loans.

The financing subject of this kind of loans is mainly individual and private small and medium-sized enterprises. Based on the relationship and reputation, the raised funds are mostly used for the turnover of production funds. In order to find a new way out for idle funds, self-employed individuals and small and medium-sized business owners with relatively abundant funds provide high-interest loans to some enterprises and individuals that are short of funds and in urgent need of funds. This kind of lending characterized by credit transaction and high interest rate is the most important way for private lending. The interest rate of this kind of loan depends on the subject, purpose, duration and urgency of the loan. Most of them are within 4 times of the interest rate of commercial banks in the same period, and the monthly interest rate ranges from 8 ‰ to 30 ‰.

Extended data:

1. What is private lending? Private lending refers to lending between citizens, between citizens and legal persons, and between citizens and other organizations. If the opinions of both parties are true, it can be concluded that the loan relationship is valid, and the mortgage generated by this loan is correspondingly valid, but the interest rate shall not exceed the relevant interest rate stipulated by the People's Bank of China. Private lending is a direct financing channel, while bank lending is an indirect financing channel. Private lending is an investment channel of private capital and a form of private finance. Second, what are the risks of private lending? (1) There are two points worth noting about the identity of the debtor: 1. The creditor shall examine the debtor's identity documents and require the debtor to write an iou in person. If the debtor gives the creditor a pre-written IOU, it does not rule out the possibility that the debtor's signature in the IOU is signed by someone else. 2. If the borrower is also the legal representative or person in charge of a company, the creditor must make it clear whether the debtor is the borrower himself or the company or enterprise he represents. Legally speaking, the legal representative or person in charge can engage in civil acts including payment on behalf of the company or enterprise. If the creditor is not clear about the identity of the debtor, there may be confusion about the identity of the borrower. (3) The purpose of borrowing risks In private lending, we should pay attention to the problem of malicious lending, that is, the borrowing relationship in which borrowers raise funds for illegal purposes. For this kind of lending relationship, Chinese law clearly stipulates that the lender knows that the borrower is borrowing money for illegal activities, and its lending relationship is not protected. This behavior was also confirmed as invalid, because it violated national laws. In practice, some borrowers often raise funds to engage in illegal activities, while lenders are often eager to make profits and do not pay attention to examining the borrower's loan purpose, or some blindly lend money knowing that the loan is to provide funds for their illegal activities. However, if it is verified by the judicial organs, the money lent can be confiscated according to law, and both parties who illegally borrow can be punished by fines, detention and so on. If the circumstances are serious enough to constitute a crime, criminal responsibility will be investigated according to law. In this way, it is not worth the loss to the lender. (IV) Risk of Interest Loss Interest risks include that there is no agreed interest, the agreed interest exceeds the relevant provisions, the agreed interest does not conform to the legal provisions, and the agreed interest should be legal. The original intention of the lender is to earn certain interest income when the loan relationship is established, but the agreement on interest rate is also adjusted by relevant national laws.