The so-called special funds are funds allocated by the state or relevant departments or superior departments to administrative institutions for specifically designated purposes or special purposes. Such funds will be required to be separately accounted for, earmarked for special use, and cannot be diverted for other purposes. And separate accounting and settlement funds are required. In various current systems and regulations, special funds have different names, such as special expenditures, project expenditures, special funds, etc., and there are also certain differences in the specific content included. But overall, its meaning is basically the same.

Special funds have three characteristics: first, they come from finance or superior units; second, they are used for specific matters; third, they need to be accounted for separately. Special funds can be mainly divided into three categories according to their sources: special funds, special appropriations and special loans

1. Purpose of funds

(1) For investment subsidies and incentive investment subsidies, It refers to the investment fund subsidies provided by government departments to qualified enterprise investment projects and lower-level local government investment projects. Generally, the investment subsidies provided by the government shall not exceed 30% of the total investment amount. Rewards are an encouragement policy provided by government departments to enterprises with outstanding performance, outstanding performance, and major innovative contributions. The amount of rewards depends on the specific circumstances.

(2) Used for loan interest discounts and re-lending Interest discounts refer to loan interest discounts provided by government departments to investment projects that meet the conditions and use medium- and long-term bank loans.

Expenditure classification editing report

2. Nature of expenditure

From the classification of the nature of expenditure, special funds include personal parts (such as special subsidies, special rewards, etc.) and Public parts (such as: special purchases, special repairs, etc.);

From the classification of expenditure purposes, special funds can be divided into capital construction expenditures, special business expenses, special expenditures and purchases, special repairs and other special projects.

In the "Measures for the Management of Project Expenditure Budgets at the Central Level" issued by the Ministry of Finance, it is stipulated that the project expenditure budget is an annual project expenditure plan (or special fund expenditure plan) prepared in addition to the basic expenditure budget. Projects can be divided into capital construction projects, administrative projects and other projects according to their nature. For local governments, the classification of special funds is basically the same as the classification of central project expenditures, but there are some differences in the source and use of funds. The sources of local special funds are mainly budgetary funds arranged by local financial departments, extra-budgetary funds, subsidies or funds allocated by superiors, government funds and transfer payment funds, etc.; the use of local special funds is mainly the infrastructure construction undertaken by local governments. and development and other special project expenditures, etc.

Legal Basis

"Criminal Law of the People's Republic of China"

Article 272 Crime of Misappropriation of Funds Companies, enterprises or other units Staff members who take advantage of their positions to misappropriate the unit's funds for personal use or lend to others, the amount is relatively large and have not been repaid for more than three months, or the amount has not exceeded three months, but the amount is relatively large, and the amount is for profit-making activities , or conduct illegal activities, shall be sentenced to fixed-term imprisonment of not more than three years or criminal detention; whoever embezzles a huge amount of the unit's funds shall be sentenced to fixed-term imprisonment of not less than three years but not more than seven years; if the amount is particularly huge, he shall be sentenced to fixed-term imprisonment of not less than seven years.