Gradually create a personal credit environment for the whole society.
Establishing a scientific and effective personal consultation system is the premise for banks to control the risk of consumer credit. From a practical point of view, it can be divided into two steps: first, establish a bank-wide personal customer credit database within the bank, so that every existing customer has a relatively complete credit record, and all credit businesses between individuals and banks are recorded and registered. At the same time, accelerate the establishment of an information exchange system among domestic financial institutions. The People's Bank of China will take the lead in setting up a joint-stock personal credit information company, expand the functions and scope of the existing credit information system of the People's Bank of China, cooperate with financial institutions, political and legal departments and public charging departments, collect and sort out personal income, credit and crime records, evaluate personal credit rating, and provide consumer credit information for financial institutions that issue consumer credit. It is possible to set up a credit information company after it is easy. At first, it only cooperated with financial institutions, and then it gradually expanded. Credit investigation companies should follow the principle of "members provide information free of charge and provide inquiry services paid", with all financial institutions as members. Financial institutions provide free personal credit records to credit reporting companies, and other departments involved in the formation should also provide free personal credit information. Financial institutions and individuals have to pay for inquiries to ensure the normal operation of credit reporting companies.
Seriously explore differentiated service methods for individual customers.
Adjust the customer structure, cultivate and expand a group of high-end individual customers. The so-called high-end individual customers refer to customers with low risk, great potential and good credit. As far as the current customer groups are concerned, first, people with high cultural quality engaged in advantageous industries or monopoly industries, such as employees in telecommunications, electric power, finance and other industries. Second, national civil servants with stable jobs and high incomes and public institutions with financial salaries. Third, managers and professional technicians of large national or regional companies. These groups not only have high salary and welfare conditions, but also generally have good professional skills, high expected income and low unemployment risk. Moreover, because of the relatively high cultural quality, I pay more attention to my social reputation and personal reputation, and I have a strong willingness to repay. Banks should strengthen marketing and research on key customers, and effectively reduce the expected loss rate of loans while promoting business development.
Improve and perfect the internal credit management mechanism of banks.
First, strictly control credit access. According to the national macro-economic development, personal consumption credit business will be developed in a planned way. Strictly standardize the operation process of each link to prevent all kinds of operational risks. The second is to strengthen post-loan management. According to the characteristics of personal consumption loans, it must be operable to analyze relevant risk points and formulate concise and effective management methods. Configure corresponding account managers and risk managers to conduct post-loan inspection as required. Third, we must strictly enforce credit discipline, investigate the responsibility of the responsible person according to regulations, and accountability must be in place. Actively rectify the existing problems and take necessary measures to avoid the recurrence of similar problems. The fourth is to implement classified management and classified authorization. According to the management level and risk control ability of each branch, different authorization management and procedure operation are implemented, refined management is implemented, and development is based on merit. Fifth, a special personal consumption loan approval center can be set up to re-engineer the personal credit business process, improve the professional level of employees and implement intensive management.
Further improve the consumer loan guarantee system.
The guarantee system is a necessary guarantee when the first repayment source of the loan is at risk, and it is also a powerful weapon to restrict the credit degree of the borrower. Before the promulgation of China's Consumer Credit Law, on the one hand, commercial banks should carefully study and analyze the relevant provisions of existing laws and regulations, and designate the subject matter that is less controversial and easy to implement as collateral. Generally, collateral with unclear property rights, difficult realization and controversial existing laws is not accepted. The selected collateral must be legal, sufficient and effective. On the other hand, commercial banks should reasonably define the scope of the guarantor. For loans with good borrower conditions and stable income, the guarantor should choose high-end customers with high credit, at least his comprehensive conditions are not lower than that of the borrower.
Personal consumption loans are combined with bank insurance agency business.
Insurance agency business is a new business under the current separate operation environment of commercial banks. The development of this business can be closely integrated with the bank's own traditional business. First, it can increase income, and banks can obtain considerable agency fee income and deposit sources through insurance agency business; Second, some unpredictable risks can be reduced, and the first beneficiary of the subject matter of insurance (which can be collateral or personal safety of the borrower) can be designated as a bank. When the subject matter is damaged or lost, the insurance compensation can compensate the bank for all or part of the losses in time. At the same time, bank agency insurance will change the information asymmetry between customers and insurance companies through the intermediary role of banks. Because the insurance premium related to bank agency business is low, customers can obtain insurance products and related information at a lower cost, so that credit customers can get both bank loans and their own insurance benefits.