The fertility willingness of the population of childbearing age in Shanghai continues to be low, which makes many people feel, "Why is the willingness to have children so low in Shanghai?" For Shanghai, a metropolis with developed economy and high population density, this is indeed a question worth thinking about and exploring. In recent years, a series of policies to encourage childbearing have been introduced throughout the country, such as: Guangdong proposed that couples who have worked and lived in Guangdong for more than one year can enjoy maternity leave; Henan stipulates that both parents work and live in their hometown, and both husband and wife can take maternity leave in their hometown for three months ... But Shanghai, as one of the central cities in China's economy, science and technology, finance, trade, shipping and international education, has taken on enormous social responsibilities, but it still can't afford it. In 219, the number of people born in Shanghai decreased by 4,1 compared with the previous year. The national birth population is 12.23 million, while the Shanghai birth population is only 198,. Even considering that many people of childbearing age are not married or don't want to get married and have children for the time being, Shanghai is already one of the cities with the lowest birth rate in China. And this is not a case. 1. Shanghai needs more people

Why are so many people unwilling to have children? On the one hand, it's because people have some misconceptions about fertility. For example, in the past, in the eyes of many people, "many children are blessed" and "raising children to prevent old age" were traditional ideas and social concepts, so people would be more inclined to have more children. But now, people's concept of fertility has changed a lot. In addition to social responsibilities and obligations, and taking into account the concept of carrying on the family line and the practical needs of family pension, people pay more attention to the realization of personal value. On the other hand, it is because of the changes in China's population structure in recent years. In recent decades, the decline of birth population in China is an obvious trend. Take 22 as an example. In 22, the national birth population was 17.23 million, a decrease of 63, compared with 219, with a decrease rate of 5.6%. Among them, the proportion of the 2-39 age group began to decline year by year after reaching its peak in 25. At the same time, with the implementation of the universal two-child policy and the declining fertility level, the population of China will gradually decrease in the future, and the aging trend will further intensify. 2. Education and medical care are the biggest problems < P > Statistics show that in the past three years, the enrollment rates of children aged -6 in Shanghai were 86.2%, 86.8% and 92.2% respectively, and the enrollment rates of first-grade primary school students were 99.3%, 99.7% and 98.1% respectively. In other words, Shanghai is close to the level of developed countries in education, but medical care is still a problem that plagues families. According to the 13th Five-Year Plan for Children's Development in Shanghai, which was implemented on June 1st, 221, the enrollment rate of children aged -6 has reached 95.3%, among which the enrollment rate of preschool children has reached 94.5%. This figure is still far from the goal of "health and well-being for all" advocated by the United Nations. According to statistics, from 211 to 22, the enrollment rate of children aged -3 in Shanghai increased by 16 percentage points, while the enrollment rate of children aged 3-6 decreased by 1 percentage points. At the same time, the total number of infants aged -3 in Shanghai dropped from 3.581 million in 217 to 2.8734 million in 221. After the implementation of the "two-child policy", the number of children aged -6 in Shanghai has not increased. 3. The birth cost is high, but it may not be affordable < P > Besides the economic pressure, Shanghai is also facing more birth costs. According to the data released by the National Bureau of Statistics, in 218, the average expenditure of food, alcohol, tobacco, clothing, housing, daily necessities and services was 1,281 yuan, of which food, alcohol and tobacco accounted for 6.5% and clothing accounted for 15.1%. Shanghai's consumption on these four items is 1246 yuan, 172 yuan, 947 yuan and 363 yuan respectively. In other words, except for food, tobacco and alcohol, the consumption expenditure of Shanghai residents on housing and education is higher than the national average. In this context, many families are reluctant to have children. In addition, from 218 to 219, about 7, people in Shanghai are applying for welfare subsidies for two children and three children, but only 52, people have successfully applied at one time. This means that nearly 7% of people can only choose to give up the welfare subsidies for two children and three children.

So many young people choose not to have children, and many people wait and see and hope that the government can introduce more maternity subsidy policies.