Zheng Zhilong
Zheng Zhilong (1604-1662), a native of Nan 'an, Fujian, is an official in posthumous title. He is a businessman and pirate who is active in the southern China and Japanese stage, and the father of the founder of Zheng Dynasty in Taiwan Province. In western literature, it is famous as "Equan". Zheng Zhilong, also known as Zheng, is a native of Shijing Township, Nan 'an, Quanzhou, Fujian. His father, Zheng Shaozu, is the treasurer of Ye Shanji, the magistrate of Quanzhou. Zheng Zhilong's three brothers: Zheng Zhihu, Zheng Hongkui and Zheng Zhibao.
When Zheng Zhilong was eighteen, he went to Macau to study and do business with his uncle Huang Cheng, and was baptized by Catholicism in Macau. After traveling to and from Southeast Asia, he followed Li Dan, an overseas Chinese businessman from Hirado Island. After Li Dan's death, Zheng Zhilong gradually took over the power and inherited Li Dan's career fleet at 1623. However, due to Japan's lock-up policy, he and his party Yan Si were in 1624. Shortly thereafter, the Dutch landed on the island and expelled the Japanese pirates based in Taiwan Province Province. Zheng Zhilong and his wife then settled in outlying islands along the mainland coast and made a living by looting. At that time, it was the most powerful armed force along the coast of Fujian, known as the Bohai Sea.
In the early years of Chongzhen, the governor of Fujian wooed pirates, and Zheng Zhilong was recruited into the Ming government. 1628, he was wooed by the governor of Fujian, defeated the pirate Xiang Liu, and defended the coast for the Ming court to prevent the sea and the Netherlands from attacking. Soon, his portable wife returned to her hometown in Nan 'an, Fujian and became the richest man there. He is also the only pirate who married the Japanese but still officially returned to the mainland. Soon, at the request of the Ming government, Zheng Zhilong led an army to crusade against other pirate forces, including Li, Li and others, and won a great victory, making Fujian famous all over the world. Soon there was a drought in Fujian Province, so Zheng Zhilong used a huge ship to carry tens of thousands of hungry people to colonize Taiwan Province Province. He gave each immigrant "three gold and one cow" and let them colonize by themselves. At that time, Taiwan Province Province had fertile land and pleasant climate. According to historical records, the colonized refugees were able to return home soon, which triggered the migration tide on the island of Taiwan Province Province, which was the first large-scale organized migration from the mainland to Taiwan Province Province in history. At that time, the island of Taiwan Province Province was ruled by the Dutch, who built two cities in Anping, but there were nearly 2,000 people stationed on the island, while there were tens of thousands of mainland immigrants. The Dutch were unable to govern the whole island, and the city outside became Zheng Zhilong's world. Colonial China had to pay taxes to the Zheng family, which also accumulated a lot of wealth and was extremely rich.
In the first year of Shunzhi, Li Yong, Emperor of Nanming, conferred the title of Zheng Zhilong as Nan 'anbo, a general town in Fujian, and was responsible for the anti-Qing military in Fujian. In June of the second year of Shunzhi, the brothers Zheng Zhilong and Zheng Hongkui established Zhu Weidi, the king of Tang Dynasty, in Fuzhou, with the title of longwu, and Zheng Zhilong was named Hou Nan 'an, in charge of all military affairs in Nanming. Zheng Zhilong's political career reached its peak in just a few months. Due to the differences between Zheng's military attache group and the civilian group headed by Huang Daozhou, Zheng could not control the imperial court. He thinks there is no hope of regaining sight, but withdrawing troops from Xianxialing and lowering the Qing Dynasty is 1646. In the third year of Shunzhi, the Qing army conquered Fujian and captured Zhu, the emperor of the Chang Dynasty. His son Zheng Chenggong tried to persuade Zheng Zhilong to fail, so he went to sea after worshipping the Confucius Temple. Later, Zheng Zhilong was carried to Beijing for the Qing Dynasty, incorporated into the yellow flag of the Han army, and decorated with red flags. 1648 was awarded the third-class viscount, and 1653 was awarded the title of Tongbo.
In order to appease Zheng Chenggong, the Qing court gave preferential treatment to Zheng Zhilong who surrendered and ordered his son Zheng Chenggong to surrender, but Zheng Chenggong refused to accept his resignation. 1665, someone illegally violated the treason of Zheng Zhilong Zongzi, but was beheaded and imprisoned. Two years later, Huang Wu was forced to expel his family from Beijing, but he was ordered to exile Ningguta in Jilin, but failed to do so. In the fourteenth year of Shunzhi, the governor of Fujian intercepted the private message of Zheng Zhilong and Zheng Zhilong, summoned the king to discuss the matter, and beheaded the Zheng family for collaboration with the enemy. Later, he moved to Ningguta. In the eighteenth year of Shunzhi, the emperor shunzhi died in the spring, and he assisted the minister. 10, I beheaded Zheng Zhilong in Ningguta.
Yan Siqi's King of Opening Taiwan
Yan Siqi (1589- 1625), Yu Zhenquan, a native of Haicheng County. Generous, generous, generous, burly and good at-style. In the history of the development of Taiwan Province Province, Yan Siqi was the first to lead the people across the Taiwan Province Strait, attract Zhang Quan immigrants, and carry out large-scale organized reclamation in Taiwan Province Province, so he was known as "the king of Taiwan Province" and "the first pioneer in developing Taiwan Province Province". The General History of Taiwan Province Province is a biography of Taiwanese historical figures, headed by Si Qi.
In the forty years of Wanli in Ming Dynasty (16 1 2), Si Qi was bullied by an official, became angry from embarrassment, killed his servant, and fled to Japan, where he worked as a tailor and concurrently engaged in Sino-Japanese maritime trade. After a few years, the savings gradually became rich. It is reported that Schiao has made friends with Yang Tiansheng, a Jinjiang shipowner who often does business in Nagasaki, and with a group of Minnan people who live in Japan and are engaged in overseas exploration. Because he is a hero, he is famous far and wide, and the Hirado authorities in Japan appointed him as a snail (leader)
In the fourth year of Ming Taizu (1624), Siqi and others were dissatisfied with the rule of the shogunate in Texas, Japan, conspired to revolt, and participated in the resistance struggle of the Japanese people. On June 15th of the lunar calendar, twenty-eight people, including Yan Siqi, Yang Tiansheng, Chen Zhongji (from Haicheng) and Zheng Zhilong (from Nantuo), became brothers and made an oath: "If born in a different day, we will die together". The masses elected Qi Qi as their leader. Unfortunately, the shogunate sent troops to search, and Siqi led the people to escape in thirteen ships.
When driving to Zaiwei, an outer island on the west coast of Jiuzhou, Chen Zhongji suggested: "I heard that Qiu Shu is a desert island at sea, which controls the southeast and has fertile land. Take the land first, then invade it on all sides, so you can make a profit. "
On August 23rd of the lunar calendar, Si Qi led a fleet to the Gulf and landed in Hong Kong (now Beigang). Seeing that the land on the island is fertile and beautiful, and there is still a large area of uncultivated land, Siqi decided to open up territory here and do something. Is to collect logging and break the village. At that time, the natives thought that foreign enemies were invading and gathered to attack. Qiqi left people to appease and agreed not to harass each other on the border. In Ye Ping (now Xingang) on the southeast bank of Benxi Steel, Siqi plans to build a well-shaped camp with a large platform in the middle, making it the center of organizing and directing reclamation. At the same time, Yang Tiansheng was sent to lead a fleet of more than 3,000 people to Zhang Quan's hometown to recruit immigrants.
Yan Siqi divided the farmers into ten villages, divided them into silver, cattle and farm tools, and started the earliest large-scale reclamation activities in Taiwan Province Province. Reclamation requires capital investment. Yan Siqi selected a group of people with sailing experience from Zhangzhou, Quanzhou and other places, and made use of the original 13 large ship and the convenience of maritime traffic to develop maritime trade with the mainland. At the same time, organize sea fishing and island hunting, develop mountain and sea economy and solve the material needs of immigrants' production and life.
Yan Siqi is a legend, and his death is full of legend. In September of the fifth year of the Apocalypse (1625), Siqi and his party went hunting in Zhuluo Mountain, overeating and unfortunately contracted typhoid fever. A few days later, he became ill and died young at the age of 37. On his deathbed, he called the people to tell him: "I have been on an equal footing with the people for two years. During this period, I created great achievements and made China famous all over the world." Now, his ambition has failed, and the middle road is dead, waiting for him to succeed. "After the death of Yan Siqi, many people elected Zheng Zhilong as their leader and continued the great cause of reclamation. Yan Siqi was buried at the top of Jianshan Mountain at the junction of Shuishang Township and Zhongpu Township in Chiayi County, and his tomb still exists. Yan Siqi's short and legendary life has written a brilliant and beautiful page in the development history of Taiwan Province Province. His achievements in opening Taiwan Province are treasured by later generations. In order to express their admiration for this hero who started Taiwan, people built the "Taiwan Province Landing Monument of Mr. Yan Siqi" in Beigang Town, Yunlin County. In front of Mazu Palace in Xingang Township, Chiayi County, there are "Si Qi Pavilion" and "Huaiben Building". The five-story "Siqi Pavilion" is resplendent and full of tourists. In Mazu Palace, Yan Siqi's blueprint for the construction of the camp in those days is still precious for people to mourn.
Xu Hai (? -1556) Ming Dynasty businessman and pirate leader. Fa Hao Ming shan Shexian people. Xu Hai was a monk in Hupao Temple in Hangzhou in his early years. During the Jiajing period, he engaged in cross-sea trade with his uncle Xu and his friends. Once Xu lost money in business, he was forced to mortgage Xu Hai to Japanese pirates as a hostage, and returned to China with a loan to buy goods, which was used as a guide for Japanese pirates to plunder Lingnan. Soon, Xu was killed and Xu Hai was forced to repay the loan, so he compensated by guiding the Japanese army to invade the mainland. When Xu Hai became a pirate, he took refuge in his former friend Wang Zhi and became the leader of his subordinates, known as "General Ping Hai". Xu Hai led the enemy or his own people to burn, kill and plunder the coastal areas of Jiangsu and Zhejiang many times in his life, which caused great harm to the people. The imperial court was very embarrassed, and Ruane, the governor of Zhejiang Province, was defeated again and again and almost died. After Governor Hu Zongxian arrived in Zhejiang, he used his fellow countryman Luo Longwen to sow discord in Xu Hai Camp. Xu Hai was fascinated by her favorite girl, Wang Cuiqiao, dismissed her subordinates and surrendered to Hu Zongxian. As a result, he was ambushed by Hu Zongxian and drowned in Shenzhuang, Tongxiang. Hu Zongxian's Biography of Ming History was followed by Biography of Xu Hai.
Wang Zhi (? -1556) Ming Dynasty businessman, leader of One Pirate Group, No.5 Peak. Shexian people. Wang Zhi grew up in poverty, and became a chivalrous, resourceful, generous and ambitious adult, so he became the leader of the villagers. Wang Zhi makes a living by doing business every day. He discussed with his followers and said,' China's laws strictly prohibit us from enjoying ourselves overseas! So he went to sea at 1540 to engage in smuggling trade. Because of Wang Zhi's courage, he quickly annexed several major smuggling groups that were rampant in the southeast coast at that time, and became the chief leader of the smuggling groups. He used a large number of ships under his control to transport prohibited items such as nitrosulfonic acid and silk cotton to the sea, and carried out trade with Japan, Siam and western countries. In a few years, he became a rich man, and the coastal countries were impressed by his strength and honored him as the' Lord of the Five Peaks'. Since then, Wang Zhi, led by Xu Hai and others, has been in series with Japanese pirate leaders, established a base camp in Shuangyu, Ningbo, plundered seagoing ships and coastal people, and made the southeast coast restless for a while. The Ming court sent troops to encircle and encircle many times, all of which were defeated by fewer troops. With little success. Around 1552, Wang Zhi moved his base camp to Matsuura, claiming to be the King of Emblem, and sent his men to guide the enemy to raid Chinese mainland. At that time, several provinces in Jiangsu, Zhejiang and Anhui were very anxious. 1557, Hu Zongxian, the governor of Zhejiang province, lured Wang Zhi to prison and was executed in Hangzhou in early 1560. Following the Biography of Hu Zongxian, The History of Ming Dynasty was accompanied by Biography of Wang Zhi.