Loans refer to the monetary funds provided by state commercial banks and other financial institutions to borrowers to repay the principal and interest at the agreed interest rate and time limit. Loans can be divided into short-term, medium-term and long-term loans, credit and secured loans according to whether there is guarantee or not, rural industrial and commercial loans and consumer loans according to loan objects and purposes, and personal housing commercial loans, personal housing provident fund loans and personal housing portfolio loans according to individual loan types.