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What are the characteristics of export credit?
① Compared with package loans, export bills, discounted bills and other trade financing methods, export seller's credit is mainly used to solve the cash flow difficulties faced by domestic exporters in delaying payment to sell large-scale equipment or contracting foreign engineering projects. It is a medium-and long-term loan, usually with a large loan amount and a long loan term. For example, the export seller's credit granted by The Export-Import Bank of China can be as long as 10 years according to different projects. ② The export seller's credit interest rate is generally favorable. A country's discount with government funds can improve its export credit conditions, expand its product exports, enhance the competitiveness of its exporters in the international market, and then drive its economic growth. Therefore, the interest rate of export credit is generally lower than the market interest rate of capital borrowing under the same conditions, and the spread is subsidized by the government of the exporting country. ③ The issuance of export seller's credit is combined with export credit insurance. Due to the long term and large amount of export credit loans, card-issuing banks face greater risks. Therefore, in order to encourage domestic banks or other financial institutions to issue export credit loans, a government will generally have a national credit insurance institution to guarantee the export credit issued by banks or to underwrite the commercial risks and national risks faced by exporters when performing contracts. In China, such risks are mainly underwritten by China Export Credit Insurance Corporation.