Socialism should eliminate poverty. In order to further solve the problem of rural poverty, narrow the gap between the eastern and western regions, and achieve the goal of * * * with prosperity, the State Council decided to concentrate manpower, material resources and financial resources from 65,438 to 2000, mobilize all social forces, and strive to basically solve the problem of food and clothing for 80 million poor people in rural areas in about seven years. This is a tough battle with great difficulty. To this end, the State Council has formulated the "National Seven-Year Plan", which is the national poverty alleviation and development program for the next seven years and an important part of the national economic and social development plan.

THE PRESENT SITUATION AND TASKS

1. It is the consistent policy of the CPC Central Committee and the State Council to help poor areas change their poverty and backwardness as soon as possible. Especially since the mid-1980s, the state has carried out organized, planned and large-scale poverty alleviation work nationwide, which not only greatly increased the investment in poverty alleviation and formulated a series of support policies, but also fundamentally reformed and adjusted the previous poverty alleviation work, realizing the transformation from relief poverty alleviation to development poverty alleviation. After years of hard work, the problem of rural poverty has been significantly alleviated, and the number of poor people who have not completely solved the problem of food and clothing has been reduced to 80 million. This is a great historic achievement, which proves that the poverty alleviation policies formulated by the CPC Central Committee and the State Council are correct and fully embodies the superiority of the socialist system.

2. Although the poverty-stricken population only accounts for 8.87% of the total rural population in China, the task of poverty alleviation and development is very arduous. These poor people are mainly concentrated in 592 poverty-stricken counties supported by the state, and distributed in deep mountain areas, rocky mountain areas, desert areas, alpine mountain areas, loess plateau areas, epidemic areas and reservoir areas in the central and western regions, and most of them are old revolutionary areas and ethnic minority areas. * * * The same characteristics are remote geographical location, inconvenient transportation, unbalanced ecology, slow economic development, backward culture and education, difficulty in drinking water for people and livestock, and extremely poor production and living conditions. This is the main battlefield for poverty alleviation. Compared with previous poverty alleviation work, it is more difficult to solve the problem of food and clothing for the people in these areas.

Third, the establishment of the socialist market economic system has brought unprecedented opportunities and broader prospects to the development of poor areas, but in this process, the gap between poor areas and developed coastal areas is also widening. Under this new situation, paying close attention to poverty alleviation and development, solving the problem of food and clothing for people in poverty-stricken areas as soon as possible, changing the backward state of economy, culture and society, and solving and even completely eliminating poverty are not only related to the economic revitalization, resource development and utilization in the central and western regions and the sustained, rapid and healthy development of the entire national economy, but also to the social stability, national unity and prosperity of the whole country, creating conditions for deepening reform. Therefore, governments at all levels must follow Comrade Deng Xiaoping's Theory of Building Socialism with Chinese characteristics and the Party's basic line, adhere to the principle of giving priority to efficiency and giving consideration to fairness, and further intensify poverty alleviation and development.

Goal of struggle

I. Standards for solving the problem of food and clothing for the poor by the end of this century:

1. The annual per capita net income of most poor households may reach above 500 yuan (at constant prices 1990).

2. Support poor households to create basic conditions for stable food and clothing;

Where conditions permit, the per capita construction of half an acre to an acre of stable and high-yield basic farmland;

One acre of forest and orchard per household, or one acre of cash crops;

Every household transfers a labor force to township enterprises or developed areas;

Every household is a breeding industry or other family sideline.

Every household in the pastoral area has a fenced pasture or straw shed.

At the same time, consolidate and develop the existing poverty alleviation achievements and reduce the number of people returning to poverty.

Second, strengthen infrastructure construction.

1, basically solving the drinking water problem for people and animals.

2, the vast majority of poor towns and markets, commodity producing areas of the road.

3. Eliminate the county without electricity, and use electricity in most poor townships.

Third, change the backward situation in education, culture and health.

1, basically popularize primary education and actively eliminate illiteracy among young people.

2, to carry out adult vocational and technical education and technical training, so that most young and middle-aged workers can master one or two practical skills.

3. Improve medical and health conditions, prevent and reduce endemic diseases and prevent disabilities.

4. Strictly implement family planning, and control the natural population growth rate within the scope stipulated by the state.

Policies and methods

(seven) continue to adhere to the policy of poverty alleviation through development; Encourage cadres and masses in poverty-stricken areas to carry forward the spirit of self-reliance and hard struggle, with the support of the state, guided by market demand, and relying on scientific and technological progress, develop local resources, develop commodity production, solve food and clothing, and then get rid of poverty and become rich. (eight) the basic way of poverty alleviation and development:

-Focus on the development of planting, aquaculture and related processing, transportation and marketing industries with less investment, quick results, wide coverage and high efficiency, which is conducive to directly solving the problem of food and clothing for the people.

-Actively develop resource-developing and labor-intensive township enterprises that can give full play to the resource advantages of poverty-stricken areas and arrange employment for a large number of poor households.

-Accelerate the development and utilization of wasteland, barren hills, slopes, beaches and water surfaces by means of paid land lease and transfer of the right to use.

-Develop labor export in a planned and organized way, and actively guide the rational and orderly transfer of labor force in poverty-stricken areas.

-A very small number of villages and farmers with particularly difficult living and development conditions will be resettled through development.

(nine) the main forms of poverty alleviation and development:

-relying on the advantages of resources and according to market demand, develop competitive famous and excellent products. Unified planning shall be implemented, and thousands of households shall be organized for contiguous development and specialized production, and a commodity production base of a certain scale or a regional pillar industry shall be gradually formed.

-Adhere to the establishment of an economic entity that helps the poor by integrating trade, industry and agriculture, with one-stop production, processing and marketing, contract development projects, contact the market and connect farmers, provide farmers with serial services before, during and after delivery, and drive the masses out of poverty and become rich.

-guide poor villages that do not have the conditions to run enterprises, voluntarily and mutually benefit, bring funds and labor, and carry out pilot development in different places in towns and industrial communities with good investment environment to set up secondary and tertiary industries.

-expanding cadre exchanges and economic and technological cooperation between poor areas and developed areas.

-while giving priority to solving the problem of food and clothing for the masses, help poor counties set up key enterprises, change the financial difficulties at the county level, and enhance their self-development ability.

-While developing the public sector of the economy, we should liberalize the development of individual economy, private economy and joint-stock cooperative economy.

-Rehabilitation and poverty alleviation for poor disabled people.

Management and use of funds

(10) In order to ensure the implementation of this plan, the state's current financial and credit funds for poverty alleviation should continue to be arranged until the year 2000. Work-for-relief funds and "Three West" special construction funds will remain unchanged within the prescribed time limit. For projects with long development cycle, the use period of poverty alleviation credit funds will be appropriately extended.

(1 1) the State Council decided to increase 65,438+994 million yuan of funds for work relief and 1 billion yuan of discount loans for poverty alleviation, which will be implemented until 2000. In the future, with the growth of financial resources, the state will continue to increase investment in poverty alleviation funds.

Local governments at all levels should also increase their investment in poverty alleviation funds year by year according to their respective poverty alleviation tasks to ensure the realization of this plan.

(12) National poverty alleviation loans originally handled by the People's Bank of China and specialized banks have been uniformly handled by China Agricultural Development Bank since 1994.

(thirteen) to adjust the regional structure of national poverty alleviation funds. Starting from 1994, the central government will adjust the poverty alleviation credit funds for six relatively developed coastal provinces, namely Guangdong, Fujian, Zhejiang, Jiangsu, Shandong and Liaoning, and concentrate them on provinces with severe poverty in the central and western regions within 1 2 years. The central financial support for the development of economically underdeveloped areas was originally used in the above six provinces, and remained in the local areas for further use. In the future, the incremental development funds of the central government will no longer be invested in six provinces. The paid poverty alleviation funds invested by the central government in six provinces in the past are still reserved for local turnover after they are recovered at maturity. In the future, the above six provinces will be responsible for poverty alleviation investment by themselves, and we should pay close attention to the task of poverty alleviation.

All relevant provinces and autonomous regions should also make necessary adjustments to the allocation of poverty alleviation funds in accordance with this principle.

(14) The central finance, credit and work-based relief funds should be concentrated in poverty-stricken counties supported by the state, and the funds of relevant provinces, district governments and central departments should be used in a matching way, and the poverty-stricken townships in poverty-stricken counties should be regarded as the targets of capital investment and project coverage. Scattered poor villages and poor farmers in other non-poor counties are supported by the local government.

Bank poverty alleviation loans should be applied to development projects with good economic benefits and repayment of loans; Financial poverty alleviation funds are mainly used for projects with good social benefits; The new "work-for-relief" scheme is mainly used to build roads and solve drinking water problems for people and livestock. Focus on the construction of county and township roads and roads leading to commodity producing areas and markets, and support poverty alleviation and development projects. The three should be closely combined to improve the overall efficiency of the use of funds.

(fifteen) reform the management of the use of poverty alleviation funds, and establish a restraint and incentive mechanism.

-The Leading Group for Poverty Alleviation and Development of the State Council shall, according to the requirements of this plan and the number, population and degree of poverty of poverty-stricken counties in relevant provinces and autonomous regions, discuss and decide the distribution scheme of poverty alleviation funds and work-based relief funds, and notify the provincial governments. Specific programs are issued by relevant departments respectively.

—— Leading groups for poverty alleviation and development in various provinces and autonomous regions discuss and decide on the distribution schemes of various poverty alleviation funds and work-based relief funds according to the actual situation in their respective provinces and autonomous regions. The poverty alleviation offices in all provinces, autonomous regions and poverty-stricken counties should establish a project library, consult relevant departments to plan, design, demonstrate and screen poverty alleviation and development projects, and report to the leading group for poverty alleviation and development for approval to enter the project library, and then the banks and fund management departments will evaluate and select them. Projects in the county are approved by the county leading group for poverty alleviation and development to enter the project library. Cross-county projects are approved by the provincial and district leading groups for poverty alleviation and development to enter the project library.

Every year, all provinces and autonomous regions should allocate some funds to support the development of economically underdeveloped areas for the preliminary preparation of poverty alleviation projects.

-Poverty alleviation projects are generally contracted and developed by corresponding economic entities, and poverty alleviation funds are repaid by loans. Inter-provincial demonstration projects are jointly developed by the national poverty alleviation economic organizations and relevant provincial economic entities. Poverty alleviation projects must cover poor households and implement them.

-The input of poverty alleviation funds should be directly linked to the use efficiency and loan recovery, and a comprehensive assessment index should be established to implement a strict responsibility system for loan use. Poverty alleviation and development offices at all levels should strengthen project management and supervision to ensure smooth implementation, and take assisting banks and fund management departments to organize the recovery of due funds as an important task. It is necessary to complete the approved indicators of the highest overdue loan ratio and the recovery rate of loans due, otherwise the loan scale for the next year will be deducted.

-Strict auditing system for poverty alleviation funds. It is strictly forbidden to occupy or misappropriate poverty alleviation funds, and offenders will be investigated for legal responsibility.

-The specific measures for the management of central poverty alleviation funds shall be formulated by financial and banking departments in consultation with the State Council Poverty Alleviation and Development Office in accordance with the requirements of this plan and submitted to the Leading Group for Poverty Alleviation and Development of the State Council for the record. All provinces, autonomous regions and municipalities directly under the Central Government shall formulate their own measures for the use of poverty alleviation funds.

Policy guarantee

(16) preferential credit policy

-The use of poverty alleviation credit funds for poor households and poverty alleviation economic entities should proceed from reality, and the loan conditions can be appropriately relaxed and flexible on the premise of ensuring benefits and repaying loans.

-State-owned commercial banks should arrange certain credit funds every year to selectively support some projects with good benefits and quick repayment in poor areas.

-For poverty-stricken counties in six coastal provinces of Guangdong, Fujian, Zhejiang, Jiangsu, Shandong and Liaoning, as well as counties that have just been labeled as poverty-stricken counties in various provinces and regions, it is necessary to increase investment in local finance and commercial credit, which is generally not lower than the scale of support provided by the original state to these counties.

(17) Preferential fiscal and taxation policies

-income tax can be refunded or partially refunded within three years for newly-established enterprises in areas designated by the state as "old, young, marginal and poor".

-governments at all levels should include poverty alleviation funds in their fiscal budgets to ensure that they are used for poverty alleviation and development.

-In order to reduce the burden of farmers in poverty-stricken areas due to the liberalization of the prices of means of production and rising food prices, all provinces, autonomous regions and municipalities directly under the Central Government may use local grain risk funds to give appropriate subsidies to poor households who eat grain sold back.

(eighteen) preferential policies for economic development.

-When arranging development projects, the central and local governments should give preference to poor areas with better resource conditions. Large and medium-sized enterprises set up by the central government, provinces and districts in poverty-stricken areas should fully take care of the interests of poverty-stricken areas and rationally adjust and determine the relationship with local interests.

-when formulating and implementing industrial policies, the state should consider the particularity of poverty-stricken areas and give them support and care.

-Import and export trade in poverty-stricken areas should adhere to the principle of equal priority, be included in the plan, and give priority to support.

Departmental task

(19) All relevant government departments shall, in accordance with the overall requirements of this plan, formulate their own "Eight Seven-Year Plan" for poverty alleviation, give full play to their respective advantages, and tilt towards poverty-stricken areas in terms of capital, materials and technology.

(20) Planning department: Combining the Ninth Five-Year Plan, formulate macro-planning and industrial policies conducive to the economic and social development of poverty-stricken areas; National resource development projects implement the principle of giving equal priority to poor areas; Manage and make good use of funds for work relief; Do a good job in macro-coordination involving poverty alleviation and development; Organize and promote economic cooperation between poor areas and developed areas.

(2 1) domestic and foreign trade departments: actively help poor areas to establish commodity production bases, build commercial facilities, open up markets, invigorate circulation, and expand foreign trade including border trade.

(twenty-two) agriculture, forestry and water conservancy departments:

-The agricultural sector should continue to organize and implement food and clothing projects in poor areas; Popularize the harvest plan and develop high-yield, high-quality and efficient agriculture; Strengthen the construction of agricultural technology popularization system, farmers' technical training and practical technology popularization; Do a good job in rural energy construction; Agricultural colleges and universities should recruit students in poverty-stricken areas, distribute them in a directional way, and cultivate a group of stable agricultural technical backbones; Take effective measures to accelerate the development of township enterprises in poor areas.

-The forestry department should support the development of fast-growing and high-yield economic forests and various forest by-products in poor areas, and cooperate with relevant departments to form a regional pillar industry focusing on forest fruit planting; Accelerate vegetation construction, prevent wind and fix sand, reduce forest consumption and improve ecological environment.

-Water conservancy departments should cooperate with the implementation of the work-for-relief project, speed up the construction of basic farmland in poverty-stricken areas, and comprehensively control regional waterlogging; Build small water conservancy facilities and take various forms to solve the drinking water difficulties of people and livestock; Using mountain resources to develop small hydropower; Seriously solve the poverty problems of immigrants in the reservoir area and people in flood storage and detention areas.

(twenty-three) science and education departments:

-Science and technology departments should formulate strategic plans for poverty alleviation through science and technology, and guide and promote the transformation of poverty alleviation work to relying on science and technology and improving farmers' quality. It is necessary to strengthen the implementation of the Spark Plan, mobilize all forces to carry out various forms of scientific and technological development and services, and earnestly do a good job in scientific research and scientific and technological demonstration for poverty alleviation and development.

-Education departments should actively promote rural education reform in poverty-stricken areas, continue to organize and implement the plan of starting a prairie fire in poverty-stricken counties, popularize primary education, do a good job in literacy among rural teenagers, and strengthen adult education and vocational education.

(twenty-four) the labor department:

-The transportation department should cooperate with the implementation of the work-for-relief plan, increase investment, and speed up road construction in poor counties and townships; In poor areas with water transport conditions, water transport should be actively developed.

-Railway departments should consider railway construction in poverty-stricken areas as much as possible according to the overall national planning; Priority should be given to ensuring the transportation of goods in poverty-stricken areas and supporting the circulation of materials.

-The power sector should cooperate with relevant departments and localities to eliminate power-free counties as soon as possible; Adjust the profit retention policy of large power stations located in poverty-stricken areas, take care of the interests of local immigrants, especially reservoir immigrants, as far as possible, and help develop industrial and agricultural production.

-Geology, minerals, coal, metallurgy, building materials and other departments. We should continue to help poor areas find mineral resources and help them rationally develop and utilize them under unified planning.

-Chemical departments should help poor areas to transform small chemical fertilizer plants, expand the supply of local chemical fertilizers, and support the development of other chemical products in places where conditions permit.

-Posts and telecommunications departments should speed up the transformation of program-controlled telephones in poor counties and strive to expand the telephone and postal networks in poor villages.

(twenty-five) the labor department should open up employment opportunities for the labor force in poor areas, do a good job in employment services and technical training, and strive to expand the reasonable and orderly scale of labor export.

(26) Civil affairs departments should strengthen disaster relief work in poverty-stricken areas, establish and improve the social security system, and create basic living conditions for special care and relief objects among the poor.

(twenty-seven) ethnic work departments should focus on solving the problem of food and clothing in poverty-stricken areas of ethnic minorities and further poverty alleviation, and coordinate with relevant departments to do a good job in poverty alleviation through science and technology, intellectual support, universal education and cadre exchanges in poverty-stricken areas of ethnic minorities.

(twenty-eight) cultural health and family planning departments:

-Cultural departments should arrange certain cultural facilities for poor areas, adhere to flexible and diverse forms such as film touring teams and cultural mobile cars, and improve people's cultural life.

-Radio, film and television departments should build TV difference turntables for poor areas and expand TV ratings and cable broadcasting coverage.

-the health department should establish and improve the three-level medical prevention and health care network in poverty-stricken areas; Medical colleges and universities should recruit students and allocate medical talents for poor areas, stabilize rural medical teams and improve the service level of rural doctors; Formulate and implement measures to control endemic diseases.

-Family planning departments should especially strengthen family planning work in poverty-stricken areas, combine family planning with poverty alleviation and development, actively carry out basic knowledge education on population and family planning, provide necessary contraceptives, and strive to reduce the natural population growth rate.

(twenty-nine) finance, finance, industry and commerce, customs and other departments, according to the requirements of poverty alleviation and development tasks, combined with their respective functions, take active measures to promote economic development in poverty-stricken areas.

Social mobilization

(30) Enterprises and institutions with the conditions of the central and local party and government organs should actively link poverty alleviation with poverty-stricken counties and remain unchanged for several years without decoupling from poverty alleviation.

(31) All democratic parties and federations of industry and commerce should continue to give full play to their advantages of numerous talents, intensive technology and extensive contacts, further carry out poverty alleviation through science and technology and intellectual development, and help poor areas cultivate talents, popularize technology, communicate information and carry out economic and technological cooperation.

(thirty-two) trade unions at all levels, the Communist Youth League, women's federations, associations and disabled persons' federations should actively participate in poverty alleviation and development.

-The trade union system should continue to organize enterprise management technicians and skilled craftsmen to provide technical assistance to poor areas, train talents, overcome technical difficulties, save loss-making enterprises and promote non-governmental economic cooperation.

-* * * The Communist Youth League organizations should mobilize young people in poverty-stricken areas to take the lead in learning technology and explore ways to get rid of poverty and become rich; Continue to organize youth exchanges and counterpart support between the east and the west; Cooperate with the labor department to organize labor export; Expand the scope and scale of Project Hope, and improve the enrollment rate and consolidation rate of school-age children in poor areas.

-Women's federations should further mobilize women in poverty-stricken areas to actively participate in the activities of "double learning and double competition", set up household sideline business and develop courtyard economy; We should also run some labor-intensive poverty alleviation projects suitable for women's characteristics; Organize women to learn practical skills and improve their ability to get rid of poverty and become rich; Cooperate with the education department to eliminate illiteracy; Cooperate with the labor department to organize women's labor export.

-Science associations at all levels should give full play to their network advantages, organize members to vigorously carry out popular science activities in poor areas, and help poor areas introduce talents, technologies, provide information, organize training and popularize practical technologies.

-China Disabled Persons' Federation should continue to do a good job in rehabilitation and poverty alleviation for the poor disabled.

(thirty-three) give full play to the role of China Foundation for Poverty Alleviation and other non-governmental poverty alleviation organizations.

34. Big cities such as Beijing, Tianjin and Shanghai, and more developed coastal provinces such as Guangdong, Jiangsu, Zhejiang, Shandong, Liaoning and Fujian should help one or two poverty-stricken provinces and regions in the west to develop their economies. Mobilize large and medium-sized enterprises, make use of their advantages in technology, talents, market, information and materials, and develop cooperation with poor areas on the basis of mutual benefit through economic cooperation, technical services, labor absorption, product diffusion and cadre exchanges. Development enterprises in poverty-stricken areas can be jointly developed through appropriate forms, supporting local poverty alleviation funds.

(35) Universities and scientific research institutions should give full play to the advantages of talents and technology, directly link with poor areas, and improve the level of scientific and technological development in poor areas through scientific and technological contracting, technology promotion, and selecting deputy heads and townships.

(36) The People's Liberation Army and the Armed Police Force should continue to carry forward the glorious tradition of supporting the government and loving the people, and help the resident people solve the problem of food and clothing and get rid of poverty and become rich.

international cooperation

(thirty-seven) actively carry out exchanges with international organizations, regional organizations, governments and non-governmental organizations related to poverty alleviation, so that the international community and overseas Chinese can understand the economic development and poverty alleviation work in poverty-stricken areas in China. We should actively expand and develop cooperation with the international community in poverty alleviation, and strive for extensive support for the implementation of the "Eight-Seven Poverty Alleviation Plan".

(thirty-eight) efforts to improve the investment environment in poverty-stricken areas, to attract overseas businessmen to set up development enterprises in poverty-stricken areas with resource advantages and preferential policies, and to promote economic development in poverty-stricken areas.

Organization and leadership

(39) The Leading Group for Poverty Alleviation and Development of the State Council shall organize relevant departments of the central government and all provinces, autonomous regions and municipalities directly under the Central Government to implement this plan. The main tasks of the leading group are: fully deploy and supervise the implementation of this plan; Do a good job in the rational distribution of poverty alleviation funds and materials, concentrate on their use, and improve efficiency; Organize investigation and study, and summarize the successful experience in the implementation of the promotion plan; Formulate policies and measures to promote the implementation of this plan; Coordinate and solve the problems in the implementation of the plan.

(forty) adhere to the governor (chairman of the autonomous region, mayor) responsibility system. All provinces, autonomous regions and municipalities directly under the central government, especially those with large poverty areas, should put poverty alleviation and development on an important agenda and formulate specific implementation plans according to the requirements of this plan; The governor (chairman and mayor of the autonomous region) should personally take overall responsibility and coordinate and solve important problems in a timely manner; It is necessary to concentrate on the use of financial and material resources to ensure that the tasks specified in this plan are completed on schedule.

(forty-one) all poverty-stricken counties should take poverty alleviation and development and solve the problem of food and clothing for the masses as the central task, and concentrate on earnestly implementing the poverty alleviation plan; Provinces (autonomous regions), prefectures (prefectures) and cities should select cadres who are capable, hard-working and in contact with the masses, enrich and strengthen the leading bodies of poverty-stricken counties and maintain relative stability; Take the implementation of the plan and the effect of solving the problem of food and clothing for the masses as the main criteria to measure the political achievements and promotion and reuse of leading cadres in poverty-stricken counties. At the same time, efforts should be made to strengthen the construction of grassroots organizations in poor towns and villages, and a team should be equipped to lead the masses out of poverty and become rich.

(forty-two) cadres in poverty-stricken areas should, as always, carry forward the spirit of self-reliance, hard work and sharing weal and woe with the masses. Before the task of solving the problem of food and clothing for the masses is completed, poor counties are not allowed to buy cars, build hotels and senior guest houses, build new office buildings, and change counties into cities.

(forty-three) enrich and strengthen poverty alleviation and development institutions at all levels and provide necessary working conditions. The specifications and establishment of the organization should be adapted to the local poverty alleviation and development tasks.