I have been talking about Marshall these days, making ordinary people familiar with this foreigner's name, just like the old horse next door.
I also reviewed the Marshall Plan in my history textbook. 1in June, 947, Marshall announced in his impassioned tone at Harvard University that the United States was ready to revive Europe. The students at the scene were indifferent and didn't realize that this was a big plan to change the world.
I used to think Marshall was really mean. He used plans to make Europeans rich and rejected socialist countries with the iron curtain. Imperialism will never perish.
However, looking back, Americans spent more than $654.38+0 billion in real money. Which is more beneficial to mankind, rich Europe or poor Europe?
Our country will formulate the Marshall Plan and export it to China, which is really encouraging.
In fact, China people have been in Marshall, and this time they just need international cooperation, such as building an international high-speed rail that needs to cross many countries. I often read the announcements of listed companies. Many listed companies in China have participated in the economic construction of the world, covering Southeast Asia, Africa and Latin America, and China also has projects in the United States.
Most of the projects are infrastructure construction, such as large-scale public buildings, large-scale hydropower, highways, railways, chemicals, cement, mineral exploitation, power transmission and transformation, etc. In recent years, real estate companies in China have built houses all over the world, and it is also a beautiful thing to export domestic cheap labor to the world with the pace of comprehensive project contracting.
Speaking of which, this is also an advantage project of China. China's infrastructure achievements are obvious to all, and it has also made a huge industry, with a developed construction machinery industry and rich construction experience. We have built a magnificent GDP by relying on China's large-scale infrastructure, and now exporting large-scale infrastructure will also contribute to the world.
Logically, this is also tenable. China's infrastructure construction not only boosted GDP, but also boosted related industries and wage income levels, and improved the efficiency of economic operation. The government can get more tax revenue and continue to expand basic investment.
But when you think about it, there are indeed many differences between Chinese and foreign Marshall Plans.
Judging from the content of aid, the United States mostly provides free aid. Europeans spend most of their money on buying raw materials from America, first grain and then industrial raw materials. They also organized Europeans to visit American factories and sent engineers and technicians to Europe. China is carrying out infrastructure construction.
The key is the target of assistance. The United States assisted developed countries, which destroyed factories and infrastructure, but the talents and technical personnel were still there, and the national legal and organizational capabilities were not destroyed. Just start the motor with one key, and the motor can be started. Therefore, some people say that even without American assistance, these countries will still become great powers again.
Most of the countries participating in the Marshall Plan in China are in Asia, Africa and Latin America. Latin American countries borrowed a lot of money from developed countries, and debt crises often occurred. The reason is that the economic organizations in these countries lack competitiveness and their ability to create wealth is not strong. Developed countries have also given a lot of aid to Asia, Africa and Latin America, but their economies have not improved much.
China has also been helping Asia, Africa and Latin America. Tanzania-Zambia Railway is a frequently cited example, and it is now running hard.
In recent years, China has carried out a lot of foreign aid, some of which are government loan projects, and finally the China government has also paid a lot. There are also many twists and turns for enterprises to go global. In the past few years, China Railway's projects in Poland and China Railway Construction's projects in Saudi Arabia both ended in huge losses.
Many governments have no money, so China has to pay the advance payment by importing raw materials from China. For example, people in Thailand want rice, people in Myanmar want lithium and people in Venezuela want oil.
The problem is that even so, it is not safe. For example, Venezuela recently announced that it would no longer export crude oil to China, which should have been used to repay the loan to China. Since 2006, Venezuela has obtained $50 billion in oil support loans from China, and China has many projects in Venezuela. It seems that the government is still expanding this trade model. For example, next year, Ecuador will receive $3.6 billion in loans from China and China, with crude oil sales as collateral. Since 2008, Ecuador has defaulted on its foreign debt of $3.2 billion.
China focuses on raw materials in Asia, Africa and Latin America. Will it be labeled as a colonist? If the loan defaults and the other party needs to be forced to repay it, will it be regarded as another vampire?
There are almost no Asia, Africa and Latin America in the investment map of smart people. Li Ka-shing has withdrawn its capital from Asia, focusing on Europe. Embroidery requires not only skill, but also a good embroidered cloth foundation. (The author is a reporter from Securities Times)