First, without the approval of the relevant departments according to law, including fundraising without the approval of the departments with approval authority, the departments with approval authority approve fundraising beyond their authority, that is, the fundraiser does not have the qualification of fundraising subject.

2. Promise to repay the principal and interest to investors within a certain period of time. The form of debt service is mainly monetary, but there are also physical and other forms.

The third is to raise funds from unspecified objects in society. The "unspecified object" here refers to the public, not a specific minority.

Fourth, cover up the essence of illegal fund-raising in legal form. In order to cover up their illegal purposes, criminals often sign contracts with investors (victims) and pretend to be normal production and business activities to maximize their ultimate goal of defrauding funds.