Planting includes all kinds of crops, trees, fruit trees, flowers, medicinal plants and ornamental plants. Now the national policy is good for farmers, and farmers in many areas have made a fortune. With the development of the times, environmental protection, green, health and health preservation have become the theme of people's lives, and planting has gradually developed into an industry with great investment value, especially the planting direction of green products. There are many choices in the planting industry. Finally, let's take a look at 2063./kloc-2063. 1000000005!
First, introduce several entrepreneurial projects for planting rural areas:
1, walnut planting project
Walnut is a common nut in life. In 1980s, with the spring breeze of reform and opening up, the adjustment of rural industrial structure and the desire of farmers in mountainous areas to get rich, the development of walnut industry showed a prosperous situation, and the planting area and output of walnut increased year by year. Especially in recent years, with the deepening of people's understanding of the nutritional value of walnuts, the price of walnuts has been rising all the way. The average selling price of nuts rose from 8 yuan/kg in 1990 to 40 yuan/kg in 2009, with a fourfold increase. At the same time, the price of walnuts and nuts in the international market has also hit record highs. The market sales show a rapid upward trend, and the world walnut production and trade have a broad space for development. Driven by the price, once the magic of the market is released, it greatly mobilizes the enthusiasm of local governments and farmers for planting, and the national walnut industry presents an unprecedented development boom.
Walnut is produced in North China, Northwest China, Southwest China, Central China, South China, East China and South Xinjiang. Distributed in Central Asia, West Asia, South Asia and Europe. Born in hillside and hilly areas at an altitude of 400- 1800 meters, it is widely cultivated in China plain and hilly areas.
Walnuts are widely distributed in China, including Liaoning, Tianjin, Beijing, Hebei, Shandong, Shanxi, Shaanxi, Ningxia, Qinghai, Gansu, Xinjiang, Henan, Anhui, Jiangsu, Hubei, Hunan, Guangxi, Sichuan, Guizhou, Yunnan and Tibet. Inner Mongolia, Zhejiang, Fujian and other provinces (regions) have introduced or cultivated a small amount. The main producing areas are in Yunnan, Shaanxi, Shanxi, Sichuan, Hebei, Gansu, Xinjiang and other provinces (regions). Walnut is one of the most widely distributed economic tree species in China.
2. Dendrobium planting project
Wild Dendrobium candidum is a national key protected plant, and it is forbidden to dig, which leads to the artificial cultivation of most Dendrobium plants. However, due to the growers' understanding of the growth habits of Dendrobium candidum and the scientific management of artificial planting, Dendrobium candidum planted in imitation of the growth environment of wild Dendrobium candidum has the same composition and efficacy as wild Dendrobium candidum. Because of its high medicinal value, special growth conditions and limited distribution, and long-term artificial excavation, wild resources are on the verge of extinction, and the domestic market is in short supply, so the planting prospect is good.
Dendrobium candidum has strict requirements on the environment, and choosing a suitable environment is half the success of cultivation. Dendrobium candidum should be planted in a humid and cold environment at an altitude of 800 ~ 1600 meters. The optimum growth temperature is 15 ~ 30℃, and the optimum growth period is 16 ~ 2 1℃. Night temperature 10 ~ 13℃, temperature difference between day and night 10 ~ 15℃, the best frost-free period is 250. The annual rainfall exceeds 1000 mm. Seedlings are easily frozen below 10℃, and Dendrobium candidum generally begins to shed leaves below 5℃. The relative humidity of Dendrobium candidum should be kept at about 80% to avoid dryness and water accumulation, especially when new buds begin to germinate and new roots form. Shading in summer and autumn is 70%, and shading in winter is 30 ~ 50%. If the light is too strong, the stem will swell and turn yellow, the leaves will be yellow-green, and the growth rate will slow down or stop.
Bed planting is recommended for Dendrobium candidum, because bed planting has better water permeability than ground planting, and its advantage is that it is not suitable for root rot of Dendrobium candidum caused by accumulated water in seedbed, reducing pests such as snails, slugs and cutworms, which is beneficial to the healthy growth of Dendrobium candidum. If long-term culture is considered, the choice of culture medium is very important. Compared with moss, sucrose residue and rotten leaves, the accumulated fermented bark, broken wood and sawdust have better corrosion resistance and are always in a semi-mature state, which is more suitable for Dendrobium candidum cultivation and is an ideal cultivation substrate.
3. Kiwifruit planting project
Kiwifruit is a perennial woody vine fruit tree with a life span of more than 40 years. Therefore, a one-time investment of several years will bring benefits, because the life of some building materials is about 20 years, and kiwifruit can begin to bear fruit in the second year of planting. With the development of economy and the improvement of people's living standards, the demand for kiwifruit is increasing. Compared with the planting area of other fruits, the planting area of kiwifruit is much smaller, so choosing to plant kiwifruit can bring better economic benefits.
Kiwifruit can be processed into fruit juice, fruit wine, fruit crystal, preserved fruit, jam and other products, and the processing value-added potential is huge. Cultivated in more than 30 countries all over the world, the total output in 2004 was 6.5438+0.09 million tons. The earliest and largest exporter is New Zealand, and 70-80% of its fresh fruits are exported. By 2004, China had only cultivated 58,000 hectares of kiwifruit and produced 350,000 tons of fresh fruit, with a per capita consumption of only over 200 grams, which could not meet the needs of fresh food processing.
Hills, low mountains and gentle slopes with good subtropical and temperate ecology and vegetation above 50 meters above sea level are most suitable for commercial cultivation of kiwifruit, and other places can not obtain high yield and high quality, or can not bear fruit at all, or can not overwinter. If farmers in these places can seize the opportunity and build gardens with high standards, they will get good returns for decades. At present, the price of high-quality kiwifruit under the tree is 4-6 yuan per kilogram, while the prices in Shanghai and Beijing are 20-24 yuan, Shenzhen 1 and 2 yuan.
4. Flower planting project
The flower industry not only includes ordinary flowers, such as fresh cut flowers, potted flowers, foliage plants, green seedlings, lawns and other products, but also includes auxiliary industries such as flower seeds and seedlings, special fertilizers for flowers, flower cultivation substrates, garden machinery and so on, as well as direct production, processing, transportation and sales of flower products and modern agricultural sightseeing. Flower industry is the only industry in the world that is not restricted by agricultural product quota. In the past decade, the world flower industry has grown at an average annual rate of 25%, far exceeding the average speed of world economic development. Known as "sunrise industry" and "gold industry", it is one of the most dynamic industries in the world. The world flower industry is in the ascendant. Among the ten most potential industries in 2 1 century, the flower industry ranks second.
5. Edible mushroom planting project
Edible fungi refer to large edible fungi with huge fruiting bodies, commonly known as mushrooms. Common ones are Lentinus edodes, Volvariella volvacea, Lentinus edodes, Auricularia auricula, Tremella, Hericium erinaceus, Dictyophora, Tricholoma matsutake (Tricholoma matsutake), Tricholoma matsutake, Ganoderma lucidum, Cordyceps sinensis, truffles, larks and boletus. Since the SARS period, people's understanding of green pollution-free food has improved.
6. Yam planting project
Yam is a high-yield and efficient cash crop, with an yield of 2000-3000 kg per mu and an output value of 5000 yuan. It can not only be stored and transported easily, but also be processed and exported. Therefore, yam is an ideal variety to develop high-efficiency agriculture and increase farmers' income, and its development prospect is extremely broad. In recent years, China food and health products enterprises have developed refined yam powder in small packages, which has been well received by consumers after being put on the market. Since 2006, the market demand of Chinese yam has increased by more than 15% every year, and the annual consumption has increased from 750 ~ 1 000 tons in 1950s to about 6000 tons in 1990s. After entering the 265,438+0 century, the consumption increased sharply, reaching about 30,000-40,000 tons in 2009.
Succulents succulents are popular in China because of their various types, peculiar shapes and rich colors. Succulents attract more and more consumers' attention and love because of their lovely appearance, chubby flesh, plump leaves and small flowers that can be played with in their hands. [Breeding Network: www.aibzu.cn] Not only is it cute and lovable, but more importantly, it is easy to maintain and cheap. Nowadays, succulents are not only sought after by family gardening lovers, but also favored by many office workers. Therefore, the succulent plant industry is also facing a new development trend.
7. Pepper planting project
Zanthoxylum bungeanum is a good economic tree species, which is suitable for planting in most parts of China. Now the price of pepper on the market is relatively stable and the market situation is good, so it is an optional item. China has a huge market and a large population. With the improvement of people's living standards, the price of pepper as a seasoning will also rise. Zanthoxylum bungeanum can be further processed into Zanthoxylum bungeanum oil, and the demand in this market is still great. At the same time, Zanthoxylum bungeanum is a good industrial raw material, which can be used to make soap. On the one hand, if we use it, its prospect is still considerable. Zanthoxylum bungeanum also has high medicinal value, has insecticidal effect and can also be used for maintenance. It can be said that pepper is a treasure everywhere. From abroad, products also have a large export market. Pepper from China is mainly exported to Japan, Singapore and Malaysia. Because pepper is unique to China, it has great potential in the international market.
According to the survey, the condiment market with pepper as raw material is good, and pepper and pepper products also have certain advantages in foreign trade export. Zanthoxylum bungeanum from Shaanxi and Sichuan are exported to Korea, Japan, Russia, the United States and other countries and regions. Zanthoxylum bungeanum not only has edible value, but also is used to produce medicines, cosmetics and many chemical products. At present, the use of Zanthoxylum bungeanum has been continuously explored, and the market prospect of Zanthoxylum bungeanum industry is broad.
The main economic benefits of Zanthoxylum bungeanum are as follows:
1, China has a huge market and a large population, and with the improvement of people's living standards, the price of pepper as a condiment will also rise;
2. Zanthoxylum bungeanum can be further processed into Zanthoxylum bungeanum oil, and the market demand is still very large;
Zanthoxylum bungeanum is also a good industrial raw material, which can be used as soap. As long as we use it, its prospects are still considerable;
4. Zanthoxylum bungeanum has high medicinal value. It has the function of killing insects. Can also be used for maintenance, it can be said that pepper is full of treasures;
5. From abroad, products also have a large export market. China's peppers are mainly exported to Japanese, Singaporean and Malaysian, because they are unique to China. Therefore, from the perspective of the international market, the potential is great, so the variety selection of pepper is also very important;
6. Deep processing of Zanthoxylum bungeanum can further develop various uses of Zanthoxylum bungeanum, such as making Zanthoxylum bungeanum essential oil.
But not all places are suitable for planting green peppers. Green peppers have requirements on altitude, climate and soil, and generally grow well in high altitude areas above 2000.
8, mint planting project
The soil of mint is called "Yindan grass", which belongs to Labiatae, that is, it belongs to other dry whole grass, and the whole plant is green and fragrant. The leaves are opposite, the flowers are small lavender, lip-shaped, and the flowers are small and dark purple-brown. Most of them were born by the wetland river in Shan Ye, and their roots are underground. Most of them were born at an altitude of 2 100 meters, but they can also grow at an altitude of 3500 meters. They are aromatic crops with special economic value. One of the commonly used traditional Chinese medicines, pungent cooling and antipyretic, is used to treat influenza, headache, red eyes, body heat, sore throat and gums, and can be used externally to treat neuralgia, skin itching, rash and eczema. Usually, mint is used instead of tea to clear the heart and improve eyesight.
Mint is a kind of herbal medicine, which is used to treat wind-heat cold, headache, sore throat, aphtha, rubella, measles, chest rib fullness and prevent early pregnancy. Peppermint oil and menthol are not only used as medicines, but also widely used as aromatic and flavoring agents. Therefore, the market prospect of planting mint is promising, not only in China, but also in the international market. Calculated by 25 kilograms of peppermint oil per mu, its net income is 2 ~ 3 times higher than that of ordinary crops.
9. Planting projects in special vegetables
Vegetables are one of the essential foods in people's daily diet, which can provide a variety of vitamins and minerals and other nutrients necessary for the human body. According to FAO 1990 statistics, 90% of VC and 60% of VA necessary for human body come from vegetables. In addition, there are many phytochemicals in vegetables, which are recognized as effective components beneficial to health. At present, the nutrients in fruits and vegetables can effectively prevent chronic and degenerative diseases, which is being discovered by people, and its planting prospect is self-evident.
Characteristic vegetables are one of the best rural entrepreneurial projects.
The main types of special vegetables are:
1. Western food
Varieties introduced directly from abroad. Such as chicory, lettuce, celery, broccoli, fennel, kale, burdock and so on.
2. Newly cultivated varieties
It is a new variety cultivated by agricultural science and technology workers using advanced breeding technology. Such as female carrots, colored peppers, spineless cucumbers and orange-red cabbages.
3. Famous varieties from all over the country
It is a famous, special and excellent vegetable variety in some parts of China. Such as northeast female carrots, water shield, purple water shield, potato, pickled mustard tuber, Chinese cabbage, kale, purple-backed begonia, zucchini, bergamot, Maxim's radish, etc.
4. Wild vegetables
In recent years, wild vegetables have attracted people's attention again, and some of them have become good edible vegetables after excavation and development. Such as bracken in North China, mugwort in Jiangsu and Hubei, sand mustard in Gansu and Inner Mongolia, Tricholoma in Inner Mongolia, Malan vegetable in Anhui and Jiangsu, shepherd's purse, purslane, chicory, cattail and watercress.
5. Micro-vegetables
Also known as pocket vegetable, it is small and exquisite in appearance and is also a popular vegetable variety in recent years. Such as cherry tomatoes, radishes, mini cucumbers, finger-shaped zucchini and small peppers. Some of these vegetables are directly introduced and some are newly cultivated.
10, Platycodon grandiflorum planting project
Platycodon grandiflorum, also known as "Bao", "Bell Flower" and "Three High Flowers", is a perennial herb with a stem height of 20 ~ 120 cm. Usually hairless, occasionally short hair, unbranched, with few upper branches. Its roots can be used as medicine, and have the functions of relieving cough, resolving phlegm, dispersing lung qi and expelling pus. It is often pickled into kimchi in the northeast of China and used to make kimchi in the Korean Peninsula. The local folk song "Ballad of Orange Stalk" describes this plant. According to the name, some people may mistakenly think that platycodon grandiflorum is the stem of an orange, but it is actually not directly related to oranges or citrus.
Platycodon grandiflorum, a perennial herb, is used as medicine with roots and can be eaten when cooking. It is one of 40 commonly used Chinese herbal medicines. It has the functions of dispersing lung qi, dispelling cold, resolving phlegm and expelling pus, and is mainly used for treating exogenous cough, sore throat, chest distress and abdominal distension, bronchitis and pleurisy. Investigating several major domestic pharmaceutical markets and producing areas, the domestic planting area is gradually decreasing, but the demand has not decreased, which proves that the business opportunities of Platycodon grandiflorum are reappearing and its development prospects are very promising.