first, the concept of sports industry
what is sports industry? There is no authoritative unified formulation on the definition and concept of sports industry. We define the sports industry from the industry classification of the national economy that has been confirmed at present and the fact that sports is located at the industrial level:
Sports industry refers to a social organization that is linked with commodities and markets, characterized by socialized mass production and modern management, and centered on the production and consumption of sports products.
ii. the mechanism of sports industry in national economic growth
the process of regional economic development is a process of making full use of regional conditions to form industries or industrial clusters with competitive advantages to obtain the best comprehensive benefits. And these industries or industrial clusters with competitive advantages will be the pillars of regional economic growth. Among these industries or industrial clusters, there are leading industries, pillar industries and auxiliary industries. The leading industry is in the leading position in the industrial structure system, which largely determines the future development direction and mode of the regional economic structure system. Pillar industry is an industry with a large share of total output in the industrial structure system, and it is the main pillar of regional economy; Auxiliary industries are industries that provide basic conditions for the development of leading industries and pillar industries in the industrial structure system. Because it is the foundation of the development of leading industries and pillar industries, auxiliary industries generally require the development first, otherwise, it will probably become the bottleneck of the economic development of the whole region, and the products of auxiliary industries are generally the input of leading industries and pillar industries. Therefore, an industrial chain will be formed among auxiliary industries, leading industries and pillar industries, and some industries will be associated in the forward direction, backward direction or circumferential direction. < P > The regional economic development will be driven by the agglomeration effect, diffusion effect and spread effect among industries.
from the perspective of China's economic development and overall goal, it has begun to enter the leading industrial system of the tertiary industry. Sports industry belongs to the tertiary industry, which mainly meets the needs of people's physical and mental health and human redevelopment, and is the basic condition for the reproduction of other industries. Therefore, it is necessary for regional economic development to play a role as an auxiliary industry of leading industry and pillar industry. Through the development of sports industry, it can inject new vitality into the development of regional high-tech industry,
cultural industry, urban environmental protection industry, exhibition economy industry and other industries, and produce a good social atmosphere. Lack of sports industry will break the chain of regional industrial chain, form the bottleneck of economic development, and ultimately < P > restrict regional economic development. Therefore, sports industry is an indispensable industry for regional economic development and human redevelopment.
It can be seen that the sports industry is the basic industry of regional economic development. In order to develop the regional economy and make the regional economy develop in a coordinated and more dynamic way, the sports industry should be placed in the strategic position of urban development.
third, the market development model of competitive sports industry
The market development model of competitive sports industry should first take the sports management system as the reference system. Although it follows the laws of market economy, from the perspective of industry management and development, it is subject to the management system of this industry. In the reform of sports system and organization, the focus is on the reform of sports project management system, and the function of direct management of sports projects undertaken by organs is transferred to sports project management centers and individual sports associations, so as to truly separate politics from affairs and combine management with management. This management system shows strong advantages in the management of administrative affairs, but it is more or less incompatible with this in the management of sports industrialization. Therefore, in this sports management system, there are two main modes to carry out the industrialized operation of competitive sports:
(1) the mode of "association+club"-the primary mode of market development of competitive sports industry in China
In the industrialized operation system of competitive sports, the clubs of various competitive sports are the most basic units, and they are relatively independent economic entities, in the form of clubs (occupations). This club mode under the management of association will inevitably encounter many spears and shields from economy and sports, associations and clubs, administration and economy in the industrialized operation of competitive sports. Although it has some shortcomings, under the current sports management system, < P > is still an optimized model.
(2) "company+club" mode-the advanced mode of market development of competitive sports industry in China
With the deepening of political and economic system reform, the reform of sports management system will eventually adapt to the needs of competitive sports industrialization, and form a top-down or bottom-up network system of industrialized operation. Clubs engaged in the industrialized operation of competitive sports will form a non-profit "limited liability company" (project management center, project association or professional alliance, etc.) in the process of operation and development, which is responsible for organizing and managing competitive sports competitions and industrialized operation, and handling or coordinating the economic interests or affairs of clubs. This model is an ideal model constructed in the reform, but it is restricted by the corresponding political, economic and legal factors.
iv. market development mode of competitive sports industry; government strategy under the market development mode
(1) Fully understand and attach great importance to the cultivation and management of sports market
Sports market is an organic part of the whole market system of socialist market economy. Although the sports market is mainly the exchange market of spiritual products and service products, it is an indispensable part of the consumer market like material products. A market system without sports market is an incomplete market system. Strengthening the management of sports market, from the perspective of industry, is the need to protect sports consumers, producers and operators, to standardize market operation, to guide sports investment and to promote sports consumption; Looking at the socialist market as a whole, it is the need to establish a socialist market system and improve the socialist market economic system, and it is the need to respond to the call of the government, stimulate the development of China's national economy and expand domestic demand.
A very important issue in the development of sports under the condition of socialist market economy is to establish a sports system and operating mechanism that is compatible with the market system. Practice has proved that the new mechanism under the new system is industrialization < P > mechanism. The higher the degree of industrialization, the more dynamic the development of sports. In the development of sports industry market development model, sports market is the actual carrier of industrialization. The market development mode of sports industry should take the sports market as the basic circulation channel. The development of industry must follow the laws and regulations of the market, and the market needs to actively guide the allocation of resources. Sports industry market development mode The market development mode needs a fully functional, standardized and well-developed sports market as the premise. The scale, structure and quality of sports market directly determine the scale and benefit of sports industry market development model, and thus determine the industrialization degree and development level of sports development. Strengthening the management, cultivation, standardized development and prosperity of the sports market, making all kinds of sports resources through superb allocation and improving their efficiency and effectiveness will promote the vigorous development of the sports industry market development model, and Lin will bring infinite vitality and unlimited space to the sports industry. In this sense, a healthy, prosperous, active and orderly sports market has gradually become a necessary condition for the development and prosperity of socialist sports.
(II) Formulating industrial policies and economic policies that are beneficial to the sports industry market development model
1. Formulating the organizational policy of the sports industry market development model
Industrial organization policy is a special policy to optimize the structure and standardize the operation of the sports industry market development model. According to the requirements of establishing a modern enterprise system, we should standardize the organizational forms of various sports industry market development model < P > business entities, form a scientific corporate governance structure and management system, and establish an open innovation and development mechanism. With capital as the link, a competitive large-scale sports enterprise group with cross-regional, cross-industry, cross-ownership and transnational operation will be formed through the capital market and property rights market. Improve the competitiveness of the core part of the whole sports industry market development model and improve the organizational structure of the sports industry market development model. The
department in charge of the government should formulate relevant policies, cultivate a number of leading and large-scale sports enterprise groups, support the self-organized industry self-regulatory organizations of various sports enterprises, and gradually hand over some functions that are not suitable for the government to the industry self-regulatory organizations, such as the formulation of industry service standards and the qualification of industry access, so as to form a scientific and standardized industry self-regulatory mechanism and promote the healthy and orderly development of various industries.
2. Formulating the structural policy of the sports industry market development model
The structural policy of the sports industry market development model should be oriented to help the market play a basic role in the allocation of various sports resources, and by increasing the proportion of non-state-owned parts in the sports industry market development model as a means to formulate a series of policies and measures to encourage and support the development of various non-state-owned small and medium-sized sports enterprises, expand the increment and adjust the stock. Optimize the capital structure of the whole sports industry market development model, start the investment demand of the whole society for the sports industry market development model < P >, and ensure that the sports industry market development model obtains sufficient market impetus. In addition, the competent government departments should regularly and timely formulate and publish the guiding significance of the priority development areas of the sports industry market development model, so as to guide, guide and coordinate the healthy and orderly development of the sports industry market development model from a macro perspective.
3. Formulating a fiscal and tax policy conducive to the accelerated development of the sports industry market development model
Fiscal and tax policy is an economic policy for the state to intervene in the sports industry market development model, and it is also an important basis and means for the state to lead, regulate, optimize and supervise the sports industry market development model. At the beginning of the new century, in terms of fiscal policy, we should adjust the structure and mode of financial input without reducing the total amount of national financial input, and appropriately increase the special investment for supporting the market development model of sports industry. After careful cleaning and evaluation, the state-owned assets occupied and used by business entities of various sports industry market development models are allowed to be used as state-owned capital for production and operation. In terms of tax policy, it is necessary to promote the rapid development of the sports industry market development model by formulating differential tax rates and tax reduction and exemption policies, and regulate the total amount and structure of the sports industry market development model.
4. Formulating investment and financing policies conducive to the accelerated development of the sports industry market development model
Investment and financing policies are an important means to ensure the rapid development of the sports industry market development model, and establishing and improving the investment and financing policies of the sports industry market development model is of great significance to China's sports industry market development model in the new century. It is necessary to formulate policies to encourage all kinds of social funds to invest in the market development model of sports industry, and lift the restrictions on non-sports system and non-public economic components to invest in project industries through deepening reform. Implement low-interest or discount loans for emerging and innovative
sports industry market development model projects. Arrange certain policy loans for the development of various sports industry market development models. Encourage the formation of various types of sports industry market development model fund organizations and
sports investment companies to form a new pattern of diversified investors. Create comprehensive investment and financing means and methods conducive to the development of sports industry market development model. At the same time, the macro management department of the government's sports industry market development model should actively coordinate with relevant departments, support high-level professional sports clubs to form joint-stock enterprises, create conditions for the listing of such enterprises, and open up new channels for financing high-quality sports enterprises.