Previously, the Notice on Immediately Suspending the Examination and Approval of Online Small Loan Companies (hereinafter referred to as the Notice on Suspending the Examination and Approval) and the Notice on Standardizing and Reorganizing the Cash Loan Business (hereinafter referred to as the Notice on Reorganizing the Cash Loan) were issued one after another, and the boots for the supervision of cash loans and online small loans landed one after another.
With the sudden braking of supervision, post-supervision phenomena such as "Lao Lai" legion assembly, suspension of platform loans, overdue outbreak, and surge in collection business also appeared.
Some platforms are no longer available.
The continuous implementation of regulatory policies has accelerated the business transformation and withdrawal of the cash lending platform.
165438+1October 2 1, the regulatory storm began. That night, the notice of suspension of approval was screened in the industry.
65438+February 1 Notice on the rectification of cash loans clearly stipulates the upper limit of interest and handling fees. The circular requires that the comprehensive capital cost charged by various institutions to borrowers in the form of interest rates and various fees should comply with the provisions of the Supreme People's Court on private lending interest rates, and it is forbidden to issue or match loans that violate the relevant interest rate provisions of the law.
At present, some cash lending platforms have the problem of covering high risks through high interest rates. After supervision, non-compliant platforms need to adjust the business framework structure, or transform to meet regulatory requirements, or withdraw from the market.
With the purge of supervision, some cash lending platforms have been unable to borrow money.
Take armored vehicles as an example. Some borrowers said that they could not borrow money after repayment, and some said that they provided more personal information, but the platform still refused to lend money.
"The loan amount, term, interest rate, overdue and bad debt rate constitute a complete business model. What is the capital cost, what level of risk control is achieved, and how to design the model? Cash loans need to be tested before enterprises can make money and survive sustainably. " The above respondents said.
Before the supervision came into effect, the cash bus platform showed that it had three products, namely "100,000 urgent" (maximum loan amount 1 1,000 yuan), "exclusive to red card users" (2,000 yuan) and "exclusive to black card users" (5,000 yuan). Among them, "100,000 urgent" products are divided into two types: loan amount 500 yuan and loan amount 1 1,000 yuan. The loan term is 7 days or 14 days, and the borrower can choose any combination as needed. According to the loan amount and loan term, the specific fees charged are different.
For example, you borrowed a loan from 500 yuan for seven days, and you have to pay back 525 yuan at maturity, of which 18 yuan is for quick credit review, 1 yuan is for interest, and 6 yuan is for account management. The loan is 1 0,000 yuan, and the loan term is 14 days, which should be repaid at maturity, including the fast credit review fee of 72 yuan, the account management fee of 24 yuan and the interest of 4 yuan.
According to the Notice on Rectifying Cash Loans, the comprehensive capital cost charged by various institutions to borrowers should be converted into annualized form, and all loans and overdue information should be fully disclosed in advance to remind borrowers of relevant risks.
According to this regulation, fast credit review fee, account management fee, interest, etc. Should be included in the comprehensive annualized interest rate. If calculated according to 360 days of the whole year, the comprehensive annualized interest rate of this product is as high as 257%.
According to the bus, the launch time of new products depends on the technical preparation time in the background, and it is uncertain whether it can be launched on time. "At present, there is a complete adjustment plan. I am working overtime, and many details need to be adjusted, such as interest rates. "
Guo pointed out that the 36% interest rate ceiling requirement will test the platform's ability. If it exceeds 36%, it can be classified as excessive borrowing, and the financier may not be able to repay the debt. For some platforms with good risk control capabilities, the interest rate of cash loan products can be controlled below 36%.
Therefore, institutions engaged in cash loan business should carry out relevant business in compliance with laws and regulations, and encourage platforms with licenses, core resources and strong risk control capabilities to engage in it, and platforms that are not compliant and have low risk control capabilities should withdraw.
This is more difficult.
According to an insider, at present, its collection company mainly cooperates with the cash loan platform, and the collection company will worry that the platform will not settle with it, so it will make some adjustments to the choice of the platform. However, there is indeed a phenomenon in the industry. As long as the price given by the cash loan platform is high enough, the collection company will take orders.
"In the long run, the impact on the collection will be very great." The above-mentioned interviewees said that after the implementation of the regulatory policy, it has a great impact on the collection business. Judging from the overall situation of the industry, the volume of collection business orders will increase in the short term, but the difficulty will also become higher accordingly.
"The difficulty has become higher mainly because after the introduction of regulatory policies, some users will not pay back the money on the grounds of platform usury. However, the collection company still has to collect, at least to recover the principal. " She said.
The regulatory storm swept through, and the collection price also rose. For example, M0 is the lowest, and the longer the overdue time, the higher the charge, and the specific charge varies from institution to institution. Respondents said that after the introduction of regulatory regulations, the collection price has probably increased by 20% to 30%.
"Because many cash lending platforms have suspended lending, although there are many overdue people in the short term, the collection business volume has soared, but because there is no new collection order, many cash lending platforms will take back the previously outsourced business and collect it themselves. In addition, the supervision has landed, and the non-compliant cash loan platform has gradually withdrawn, which will also reduce the collection business. " Respondents said that with the gradual reduction of collection business, the collection army will face unemployment in the future.
The recently released regulatory policy also mentioned sensitive collection business. For example, the Notice requires checking whether small loan companies collect loans by themselves or entrust a third party through violence, intimidation, insult, slander and harassment.
Respondents said that the boundaries of collections are difficult to control. Generally speaking, because the collection business will have a corresponding commission, the income is considerable compared with customer service, and many collection business personnel are transferred from customer service staff. Newcomers will have induction training and fixed speech skills.
However, in order to get more commission, some collectors may have excessive behavior.
She said that some formal cash lending platforms will have some requirements for collection companies, such as system telephone collection, telephone recording, and the platform will regularly check the recording. If violations are found, there will be corresponding fines.
Credit * * * enjoys curbing long-term borrowing and malicious overdue.
Due to the lack of * * * sharing mechanism in Internet financial institutions, the data is scattered in various institutions, which leads to the increasingly serious phenomenon of multi-head debt and organized fraud in the industry, which is one of the most important risk points at present. If the risk is not prevented and controlled in time, it is likely to lead to credit risk and systemic industry risk.
After the introduction of the recent regulatory policy, "Lao Lai" gathered in various social groups and made remarks such as anti-collection and non-repayment. Among these deadbeats, there are both former professional deadbeats and overdue "recruits" who can't "borrow the new and return the old".
Mutual fund institutions and regulatory authorities have deployed the borrower's malicious overdue. This year, many institutions and trade associations have launched credit information sharing services to curb borrowers' long-term lending and other behaviors.
For example, the "Afu Risk Control Cloud Platform" of Beijing Yixin Zhicheng Credit Management Co., Ltd. opens the docking of CreditEase's total loan data and risk list to the industry, which is a one-way enjoyment.
Previously, Beijing Mutual Gold Association also initiated the establishment of a new framework to crack down on the "wool party" based on blind communication, and built a blind communication system (BITs). This system is not a data sharing system, a credit reporting system or a supervision system, but an information exchange system to solve the problem of mutual trust.
It is worth noting that the industry has also undergone a change, that is, it is unwilling to * * * enjoy the data and launch * * * desensitization data services for institutions and industry associations.
According to industry insiders, the cash loan industry has just started and its development is relatively healthy. In the later development process, due to the low industry threshold, some institutions that were originally engaged in offline lending entered the online market, but the risk control was relatively poor. When there are more and more entrants, the industry is in chaos, which also gives birth to overdue behaviors such as customer default and robbing Peter to pay Paul.
According to an insider, before, the industry was reluctant to share the borrower's credit information, mainly because it was not good for some lending platforms if the borrower could not borrow the new and return the old.
With the development of the industry, from the second half of 20 17, some platforms gradually began to transform from lending service providers to data service providers, and shared their data with other platforms through some desensitization methods to match blacklisted users.
Zhao Hui, general manager of Beijing Yixin Zhicheng Credit Management Co., Ltd. said, "The key to the development of online lending industry in the next decade is to prevent and control credit risks and effectively avoid the occurrence of credit collapse. The industry needs the cooperation of more institutions to break the information barrier. "
Related Q&A: Can I pay by cash bus? How are your interests? This interest rate is a bit high. I used it before, and I can't stand it. Later, it was found that the mobile phone loan was very good, the interest rate was much lower, the loan review speed was faster, and it was convenient to borrow money.