It governs 1 district and 3 counties.

Bozhou City governs Mengcheng County, Woyang County, Lixin County and Qiaocheng District, all of which are key counties and districts for poverty alleviation and development at or above the provincial level. As of the end of 2015, there were 286 impoverished villages in the city with a poor population of 323,456, accounting for 10.6% of the total poor population in the province's 105 counties and districts. The number of poor people is large, the degree of poverty is deep, it is difficult to get rid of poverty, and the pressure of poverty alleviation is high and difficult.