1. Credit risk of the borrower. Mainly because the borrower's repayment ability is insufficient. Precautionary measures: First, pay attention to the review of the credit records and liabilities of borrowers and their spouses, and reasonably identify the loan affordability. Second, in the determination of repayment ability, pay attention to the durability and stability of the borrower's income. The third is to reasonably determine the loan ratio. For borrowers with unstable expected income, it is necessary to further increase the down payment ratio and reduce the loan ratio, so as to reduce the repayment pressure of borrowers and resolve the credit risk.

Second, the risk of fake mortgage. The main performance is that the borrower's purchase behavior is not true and the loan purpose is not true. The essence is to obtain bank credit and defraud bank credit funds. Preventive measures: First, optimize real estate development enterprises and mortgage projects. Second, strictly implement the system of interview, face-to-face signing and home visit, and carefully verify the authenticity of the borrower's purchase behavior. The third is to prudently issue mortgage loans to employees of real estate development enterprises or affiliated enterprises.

Third, the project risk. The main reason is that real estate development enterprises can't complete the project as scheduled, which leads to the completion risk. Preventive measures: First, start from the source, strictly control real estate access, optimize real estate development enterprises, and strictly inspect their development ability, development performance, operator quality, project legitimacy, implementation of construction funds, market sales prospects, etc. Second, it is very important to strengthen the supervision of the construction funds of real estate development enterprises to prevent the fund gap from being used for other purposes. The risk of mortgage loan and the risk of the project being guarded against are very important.

Fourth, the risk of collateral. It is mainly the risk brought by overvaluation of collateral price, nonstandard mortgage procedures and difficulty in realizing collateral. Precautionary measures: pay special attention to whether the ownership of the collateral is clear and whether the owner of the collateral issues legal documents agreeing to mortgage; Whether the appraisal conclusion of collateral is basically reasonable.

5. Operational risks. It mainly refers to the loan risk caused by internal fraud, external fraud and process management problems. Precautionary measures: handle business in strict accordance with rules and regulations and operational procedures, and conduct double-person investigation for large loans.

The above are the possible risks of personal housing mortgage loans and their countermeasures, which are issues that individuals, developers and banks need to pay attention to in housing transactions.