Photovoltaic electricity-electricity generated according to the principle of photovoltaic effect, and solar energy is directly converted into electricity through solar cells. Whether it is used independently or connected to the grid, the photovoltaic power generation system is mainly composed of solar panels (components), controllers and inverters, mainly composed of electronic components, and does not involve mechanical parts. Therefore, photovoltaic power generation equipment is extremely fine, reliable, stable, long-lived and easy to install and maintain. Theoretically, photovoltaic power generation technology can be used in any situation that needs power supply, from spacecraft to home power supply, from megawatt power stations to toys, and photovoltaic power supply can be everywhere. At present, photovoltaic power generation products are mainly used in three aspects: first, to provide electricity for places without electricity, mainly to provide electricity for residents' life and production in areas without electricity, as well as microwave relay power, in addition to some mobile power and standby power; Second, solar daily electronic products, such as various solar chargers, solar street lamps, and various lamps of solar lawn factories.

The most basic components of solar photovoltaic power generation are solar cells (chips), including monocrystalline silicon, polycrystalline silicon, amorphous silicon and thin film batteries. At present, monocrystalline and polycrystalline batteries are the most widely used, and amorphous batteries are used as auxiliary power supplies for some small systems and calculators. The efficiency of domestic crystalline silicon battery is about 10- 13%, and that of foreign similar products is about 12- 14%. A solar panel composed of one or more solar cells is called a photovoltaic module. In 2002, the output of batteries and photovoltaic modules in global solar was about 600MW, of which 45% was Japanese, 25% was American and 22% was European. Japan is the fastest-growing photovoltaic industry, surpassing the United States in less than 10. In 200 1 year, there are four battery manufacturers in global solar and Japan, namely Sharp, Kyoto Ceramics, Sanyo and Mitsubishi. Most developed countries in Europe and America have formulated the "Sunshine Plan", and adopted some measures such as partial allocation, interest-free loans and "seed funds" to encourage residents to install solar power generation systems and purchase surplus solar power at a price several times higher than the ordinary electricity price.